不同壁温及差分格式下超燃冲压发动机的仿真

针对圆截面超燃冲压发动机相关实验进行数值仿真，采用了不同的壁面温度条件和差分格式，并探究其对仿真结果的影响规律。结果表明采用常用的绝热壁面边界条件会导致激波边界层交互位置处的回流区变大，进而导致流道收缩，壁面压力升高。采用高精度格式不仅不能更为精确地计算回流区的大小，反而会使回流区面积变得更大。通过改变壁面边界条件，采用300 K的等温壁面，可以使激波边界层交互位置处的回流区变得极小，使仿真结果与实验结果十分吻合。计算结果表明，针对当前构型与实验条件，盲目提高数值格式的精度并不一定会得到更好的结果，相反可能会使仿真与实验更加偏离，而适当修改壁面温度条件，即使数值格式精度较低，仍然可以得到很好的仿真结果。最后，针对与实验结果吻合的仿真结果，分析了圆截面超燃冲压发动机的流场特性，重点研究了凹腔剪切层及其质量交换特性。     

微粒子喷丸技术研究进展

微粒子喷丸因其采用的弹丸介质尺寸小,具有强化基体表面并降低表面粗糙度的优点,已成为航空、能源动力等领域中一项重要的表面强化技术。目前对于该技术的研究仍处于对其强化机理的试验论证阶段,还未有完整的理论体系。对微粒子喷丸技术的原理和特点进行了综述,讨论了微粒子喷丸的强化机制,阐述了目前微粒子喷丸技术的研究现状及在各类材料中的应用,并指出了该技术的应用前景。研究各类参数对喷丸效果的影响将是微粒子喷丸发展的主要方向。     

改进BA优化的MKSVDD航空发动机工作状态识别

为了提高航空发动机工作状态识别准确率和效率，避免人工识别中存在的误判和耗时耗力问题，提出了基于混沌脉冲蝙蝠算法（CRBA）优化的多核支持向量数据描述（CRBA-MKSVDD）智能识别方法。研究了多核支持向量数据描述（MKSVDD）改进策略，引入混沌脉冲发射率提高了蝙蝠算法（BA）的收敛速度和收敛精度，得到了CRBA；通过CRBA优化MKSVDD的惩罚因子和核参数，同时对飞参数据进行了特征提取；基于特征飞参数据训练了CRBA-MKSVDD分类器，并对某型发动机一个飞行架次的工作状态进行了识别。结果表明，该方法识别准确率达到97.547 9%，可用于与发动机工作状态的相关研究和应用。     

Performance analysis and application on Ti-6Al-4V of micro-forging system

Micro-forging (MF) is a novel surface modification technology which is capable of smoothening and strengthening the workpiece surface simultaneously. Based on analysis of the mechanism and energy conversion of micro-forging process, an electromagnetically driven micro-forging system is developed. To further grasp the kinetic characteristic of the equipment, a simulation model is established and its accuracy is verified. With the help of simulation and experimental results, we propose an input voltage optimization method, which drives the micro-forging head moving in a uniform and stable way. In this study, the influence of MF on surface integrity of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) is firstly reported. Experimental results show that MF treatment reduces surface roughness (R_a) and increases micro-hardness by 48% and 11.8% at most, respectively. Besides, a compressive stress layer with an amplitude of −1000 MPa and a depth of 0.8 mm is observed. This study analyzes the performance and reveals the potential of micro-forging technology, which lays a solid foundation for expanding its application in TC4 surface modification.     

基于连续损伤模型的复合材料波纹梁压溃分析

复合材料的耐撞性受到了广泛重视,而波纹梁因其优异的抗屈曲构型被广泛应用于飞机翼梁和直升机底板等经常发生碰撞的结构中。进行了复合材料波纹梁的屈曲分析,研究了高度对波纹梁破坏模式的影响。建立复合材料波纹梁的连续损伤单波模型,层内基于Hashin判据建立含损伤因子的损伤刚度矩阵,层间根据二次名义应力准则和B-K准则模拟损伤演化,并通过典型复合材料波纹梁压溃试验验证了所建立模型的正确性。基于单波分析模型,通过施加周期性边界条件和反对称边界条件,研究了多波结构的吸能特性。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming (ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables (i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) on the forming process (e.g. surface roughness, forming force and geometric error) are investigated through a systematic experimental approach of central composite design (CCD) in two-point incremental sheet forming (TPIF). It is obtained that the increase in thickness of interpolators decreases the surface roughness in direction vertical to the tool path while increases the surface roughness in direction horizontal to the tool path. Nevertheless, the combined influence between thickness of interpolators and process parameters (tool diameter and step size) is limited. Meanwhile, the placement of interpolator has little influence on the effective forming force of blank. In addition, the geometric error enlarges with the increase of step size and thickness of interpolator while decreases firstly and then increase with an increase in tool diameter. Finally, the influencing mechanism of the interpolator method on surface quality can be attributed to the decrease of the contact pressure due to the increase of contact area with the unchanged contact force. Meanwhile, the interpolator method eliminates the sliding friction on the surface of blank due to the stable relative position between the blank and the interpolator.     

大涡模拟进口合成湍流方法

进口瞬时湍流脉动条件直接影响大涡模拟的精度。对比研究了更适合工程应用的合成涡和合成谱方法,并通过考虑进口速度时间相关和随机数的概率密度分布,对合成谱方法进行改进。对零压力梯度平板湍流模拟结果的对比表明:不同湍流合成方法得到的合成湍流均存在发展为真实湍流的过渡过程;考虑进口湍流脉动的时间相关有助于合成湍流更快地发展为真实湍流,需要的流向距离更短;合成谱方法采用正态分布系数优于均匀分布,改进的合成谱方法优于常规合成谱方法。     

无源无线声表面波压力传感器校准技术研究

声表面波压力传感器是一种新型传感器，它的一大优势是具有无源无线信号传递特性，可以突破传统传感器线缆连接的限制，近年来受到国内外研究机构普遍重视。本文探讨了SAW压力传感器的校准技术，对某种商业传感器进行校准，使用最小二乘法分析校准结果，并进行不确定度评估。校准结果显示该传感器在误差、线性、重复性等方面可满足一定精度要求，通过进一步发展，有望在航天领域得到实际应用。     

考虑局部遮挡的太阳能无人机能源控制

针对太阳能无人机在飞行状态下可能出现的太阳能电池局部遮挡情况，开展相应的太阳能电池最大功率点追踪算法和能源控制研究。通过将发光亮度引入相对吸引力计算过程对萤火虫算法进行改进，实现了局部阴影情况下太阳能电池最大功率点的高效追踪。以此为基础，设计了考虑局部遮挡情况下太阳能无人机的太阳能电池/蓄电池混合能源状态机控制规则。以"蒲公英I"无人机为例，建立了太阳能电池阵列模型，开展了考虑局部遮挡情况下太阳能电池最大功率点追踪仿真实验；基于"蒲公英I"飞行剖面，开展了考虑局部遮挡情况的混合能源控制仿真试验。研究结果表明：改进的萤火虫算法可以实现在局部阴影情况下太阳能电池最大功率点的有效跟踪，与萤火虫算法相比收敛时间更短、且功率波动幅度更小；采用改进萤火虫算法和状态机能源管理策略，在考虑局部遮挡的飞行状态下可以实现太阳能电池/蓄电池之间的合理功率分配与控制。     

Effects of Mach numbers on Magnus induced surface pressure

Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate the Magnus phenomena over a spinning projectile. The pressure force acting on the surface of a spinning projectile was measured for various cases by employing a relatively novel experimental technique. A set of miniature pressure sensors along with a data acquisition board, battery and storage memory were placed inside a spinning model and the surface pressure were obtained through a remotely controlled system. Circumferential pressures of the model for both rotational and static conditions were obtained at two different free stream Mach numbers of 0.4 and 0.8 and at different angles of attack. The results showed the ability of this new test method to measure the very small Magnus force via surface pressures over the projectile. The results provide a deep insight into the flow structure and illustrate changes in the cross-flow separation locations as a result of rotation. Similar results were obtained by the numerical simulations and were compared with the experimental data.