基于机器学习的空间翻滚目标实时运动预测

借助监督式机器学习（ML）方法，对空间翻滚目标的运动状态预测问题进行研究，为空间机器人抓捕空间翻滚目标提供可靠的数据依据。基于物理模型的运动预测方法依赖理想的建模假设，需要连续的视觉反馈信息，解决目标预测问题的能力有限。因此，本文采用机器学习中纯数据驱动方式的稀疏伪输入高斯过程（SPGP）回归方法进行空间翻滚目标的运动预测。给定空间翻滚目标运动状态的历史观测数据，通过连续优化真实观测数据，得到稀疏的伪训练数据集，进而在线快速预测目标的运动状态，预测的计算效率达到毫秒级。此外，利用马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC）法处理连续优化过程，克服由于随机初始值造成的优化过程陷入局部极小值问题。利用Snelson数据验证了所提稀疏伪输入高斯过程回归方法的正确性，并通过4组仿真算例验证了所提方法对于空间翻滚目标运动预测的有效性和鲁棒性。     

A progressive approach to predict shot peening process parameters for forming integral panel of Al7050-T7451

In this paper, a progressive approach to predict the multiple shot peening process parameters for complex integral panel is proposed. Firstly, the invariable parameters in the forming process including shot size, mass flow, peening distance and peening angle are determined according to the empirical and machine type. Then, the optimal value of air pressure for the whole shot peening is selected by the experimental data. Finally, the feeding speed for every shot peening path is predicted by regression equation. The integral panel part with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm and curvature radius from 3200 mm to 16000 mm is taken as a research object, and four experiments are conducted. In order to design specimens for acquiring the forming data, one experiment is conducted to compare the curvature radius of the plate and stringer-structural specimens, which were peened along the middle of the two stringers. The most striking finding of this experiment is that the outer shape error range is below 3.9%, so the plate specimens can be used in predicting feeding speed of the integral panel. The second experiment is performed and results show that when the coverage reaches the limit of 80%, the minimum feeding speed is 50 mm/s. By this feeding speed, the forming curvature radius of the specimens with different thickness from the third experiment is measured and compared with the research object, and the optimal air pressure is 0.15 MPa. Then, the plate specimens with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm are peened in the fourth experiment, and the measured curvature radius data are used to calculate the feeding speed of different shot peening path by regressive analysis method. The algorithm is validated by forming a test part and the average deviation is 0.496 mm. It is shown that the approach can realize the forming of the integral panel precisely.     

Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming (ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables (i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) on the forming process (e.g. surface roughness, forming force and geometric error) are investigated through a systematic experimental approach of central composite design (CCD) in two-point incremental sheet forming (TPIF). It is obtained that the increase in thickness of interpolators decreases the surface roughness in direction vertical to the tool path while increases the surface roughness in direction horizontal to the tool path. Nevertheless, the combined influence between thickness of interpolators and process parameters (tool diameter and step size) is limited. Meanwhile, the placement of interpolator has little influence on the effective forming force of blank. In addition, the geometric error enlarges with the increase of step size and thickness of interpolator while decreases firstly and then increase with an increase in tool diameter. Finally, the influencing mechanism of the interpolator method on surface quality can be attributed to the decrease of the contact pressure due to the increase of contact area with the unchanged contact force. Meanwhile, the interpolator method eliminates the sliding friction on the surface of blank due to the stable relative position between the blank and the interpolator.     

工艺模型驱动的物料动态精准配送技术

针对飞机装配车间传统“领料式”物料配送存在的弊端,提出了一种工艺模型驱动的物料动态精准配送方法,构建了飞机装配车间物料精准配送管理系统,阐述了系统构建涉及的关键技术难点,采用基于模型的三维可视化消耗式BOM重构方式,建立与设计了模型动态同步精准的MBOM工艺模型,利用RFID技术的优点实时获取物料信息,通过iGPS系统引导AGV物料运输平台来实现装配站位物料的高精度配送。     

基于综合观测器的执行器过程故障量精确诊断

执行器的非线性与输出不可得在一般复杂动力学系统中具有典型性,而其过程故障量的精确诊断是个前沿难点问题.针对该问题,研究一种面向控制系统和执行器的综合观测器方法.提出一种适用于带有非线性执行器复杂系统的新型自适应观测器方法,可克服输出量不可直接获得的条件限制,实现故障诊断并获得执行器真实输出估计;基于执行器输出估计与控制器输出量,采用扩张状态观测器实现过程故障量精确估计,从而为主动容错故障调节提供诊断依据.以卫星姿态控制系统飞轮摩擦力矩增大这一典型非线性执行器故障的过程故障量精确诊断为应用实例验证了本文方案的有效性及优越性.     

固化工艺参数对聚酰亚胺复合材料性能影响

采用热压罐成型工艺制备了MT300/902聚酰亚胺复合材料,测试了加压温度、加压大小和固化温度下复合材料的力学性能,分析了不同固化工艺参数对复合材料力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:MT300/902聚酰亚胺复合材料固化时的最佳加压时机为240～260℃、加压不小于1.2 MPa、固化温度在310～330℃为最佳。按照最优的成型工艺参数制备的复合材料构件质量高,缺陷能够控制在2%以下,力学性能进一步提高。     

金属增材制造数据处理与工艺规划研究综述

金属增材制造数据处理与工艺规划是金属增材制造软件系统的核心,涵盖了金属支撑结构设计、模型切片以及路径规划等内容,决定着最终金属零部件的产品性能。从金属增材制造模型前处理出发,较为全面地概述了与之相关的多类型支撑设计和新型支撑优化等数据处理内容,针对金属增材制造数据处理中模型切片这一关键环节,分别从平面切片、自适应切片和曲面切片等方面进行了研究进展综述,同时对金属增材制造工艺中的路径规划研究进展进行了概述,最后对其发展趋势做了初步展望。     

空间科学任务协同设计过程优化

为了对概念设计阶段空间科学任务协同设计过程进行合理规划,减少设计反馈,降低系统耦合度,提出了设计结构矩阵(DSM)过程建模和遗传算法(GA)过程优化算法.该方法采用DSM对空间科学任务设计活动序列进行建模,通过DSM描述设计活动间的信息依赖关系,DSM上三角之和代表该设计活动序列设计反馈次数;将DSM对应的设计活动序列视为染色体,采用GA进行序列优化,最小化设计反馈次数.通过过程优化算法获取最佳设计活动序列,优化设计过程,降低系统耦合度.空间科学任务实例分析结果表明,该方法能够有效应用于空间科学任务协同设计的过程建模和过程优化,指导设计过程的制定.     

加筋壁板VARI整体成型工艺设计与验证术

针对一种典型复合材料加筋壁板,完成模具结构及工艺流程等整体成型工艺设计,同时利用PAM-RTM软件完成流道设计优化模拟,并根据模拟结果选择合理的注射方式及流道布局,最终根据所选方案完成工艺试验验证,对构件进行超声无损检测,检测结果显示构件没有内部缺陷、树脂充分填充,最终验证了加筋壁板整体成型工艺设计及模拟分析的有效性.     

钣金成形信息化发展关键技术

钣金成形广泛应用在航空、汽车、船舶等各个行业,而钣金成形信息化在钣金成形技术中起重要作用.钣金成形信息的存储方式、关联技术、信息规范技术、数据库技术、钣金成形信息共享平台技术、钣金成形信息的获取和利用技术,是钣金成形信息化的关键技术.通过这些关键技术规范钣金成形信息的表达、存储方式,建立完善的钣金成形信息平台,利用数据挖掘技术,为钣金成形技术人员提供钣金成形工艺方案、工艺规程、模具设计需要的充足的信息.钣金成形信息化技术的发展将理顺钣金成形信息的积累和利用,消除信息孤岛,提高钣金成形的整体工艺水平和工艺准备效率.