面向航天器微低重力仿真的大型超平支撑平台精密装配技术研究

大型超平支撑平台作为航天器微低重力仿真的大型精密试验设备,具备大尺寸、高承载刚度、全自动精密调节等特点。通过对大型超平支撑平台装配要求及难点分析,构建装配系统组成,制定装配工艺流程,设计调节机构及调节工艺流程,并针对虚拟轮廓构建、精密测量、装配路径规划、调控策略等数字化自动装配关键技术进行研究,最终实现大型超平支撑平台的快速、精密测量与调节,高效率、高质量地完成200块平台的精确装配。     

Grinding force and surface quality in creep feed profile grinding of turbine blade root of nickel-based superalloy with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels

Creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms of single crystal nickel-based superalloy was conducted using microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels in the present study. The grinding force and the surface quality in terms of surface topography, subsurface microstructure, microhardness and residual stress obtained under different grinding conditions were evaluated comparatively. Experimental results indicated that the grinding force was influenced significantly by the competing predominance between the grinding parameters and the cross-sectional root workpiece profile. In addition, the root workpiece surface, including the root peak and valley regions, was produced with the large difference in surface quality due to the nonuniform grinding loads along the root workpiece profile in normal section. Detailed results showed that the surface roughness, subsurface plastic deformation and work hardening level of the root valley region were higher by up to 25%, 20% and 7% in average than those obtained in the root peak region, respectively, in the current investigation. Finally, the superior parameters were recommended in the creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms. This study is helpful to provide industry guidance to optimize the machining process for the high-valued parts with complicated profiles.     

航空齿轮磨削加工安装偏心误差补偿研究

磨齿加工时齿坯几何中心与回转工作台轴心存在安装偏心误差,降低了磨齿加工精度。以数控成型砂轮磨齿机工作原理为基础,建立偏心误差磨削加工几何模型;提出安装偏心误差补偿法,建立偏心误差补偿数学模型,通过数学模型求出磨削砂轮在X、Y两个方向的进给补偿增量;以YK73125数控成型砂轮磨齿机为例,进行安装偏心误差补偿实验,齿轮的左右齿面单个齿距极限偏差绝对值分别减小了0.9μm和1.6μm,齿距累积总偏差绝对值分别减小了49.6μm和43.3μm。结果表明:安装偏心误差与单个齿距偏差和齿距累积总偏差成正比;采用安装偏心误差补偿进行磨齿加工,有效地减小了单个齿距偏差和齿距累积总偏差,齿轮的精度有所提高。     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

TC4钛合金材料采用金刚石砂轮磨削时的工艺参数优化

钛合金材料在航空器和发动机中的应用极为广泛,涡扇发动机中低压压气机静子叶片基本由钛合金材料制成,由于钛合金的磨削性能较差,对选用金刚石砂轮进行钛合金材料磨削时的主要工艺影响因素（如进给速度、磨抛深度等）进行了试验分析,优选出更适用于金刚石砂轮磨削钛合金的工艺参数,该参数不仅能够用于自研的双面仿形抛修设备,还可以对其他型号磨床磨削钛合金材料时的工艺参数选择提供指导。     

材料加工技术在低碳经济中的应用及发展

介绍了低碳经济形势下的薄坯铸轧、精密成形加工、闪光焊、无模成形、内高压成形以及其他先进成形加工技术,并展望了先进材料加工技术的发展趋势.     

薄壁微三维结构件超精密研抛技术研究

针对影响薄壁微结构件超精密研抛的工艺因素,即单次进给量、研磨轨迹、研磨膏选择和去除量精确控制,通过大量的研抛加工试验,进行研抛工艺研究,得到能实现稳定和理想加工结果的研抛工艺,很好的满足零件性能要求。     

基于工业机器人的飞机柔性装配技术

研究了基于工业机器人的飞机柔性装配技术,着重讨论了机器人精度补偿、末端执行器设计、法线检测与找正、系统控制、离线编程等关键技术。通过在小翼部件加工中的应用,达到了孔位精度±0.5mm、法向精度±0.5°等关键技术指标。结果表明,对于特定应用对象采用机器人技术进行飞机部件自动装配为一个理想、低成本的解决方案,随着当今工业机器人性能不断增强,配以末端执行器和相关的补偿系统,在航空工业作为装配平台是可行的。