晶体取向对第四代单晶高温合金DD15高周疲劳性能的影响

在定向炉中分别采用籽晶法制备了[001]、[011]和[111]3种不同取向的第四代单晶高温合金DD15,在800℃研究了不同取向的高周疲劳性能,分析了合金不同取向的显微组织、疲劳断口形貌和疲劳断裂组织。结果表明:在凝固方向横截面上不同取向合金的铸态枝晶和热处理γ′相组织明显不同。合金800℃的高周疲劳性能存在各向异性,疲劳极限按[111]、[001]、[011]取向的顺序降低。不同取向合金的高周疲劳都是沿平面断裂,断裂平面与试样中心应力轴线的角度不同,角度按[011]、[001]、[111]取向的顺序逐渐减小。不同取向高周疲劳断口特征基本相同,可见疲劳源区、疲劳扩展区和瞬断区。疲劳裂纹起源于试样表面或亚表面并沿{111}平面扩展。扩展区上可见河流状花样和疲劳条带。瞬断区可见撕裂棱和解理台阶特征,其断裂机制都为类解理断裂。由于试验温度较低,不同取向疲劳断裂后的γ′相仍保持立方形状。     

两种MCrAlY涂层/DD6合金的循环氧化和互扩散行为

在DD6单晶高温合金基体上,利用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)技术制备Ni Co Cr Al Y涂层,采用低压等离子喷涂(LPPS)技术制备Ni Co Cr Al YHf Si涂层,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针显微分析(EPMA)等手段研究了在1100℃下的热循环氧化和互扩散行为。结果表明,涂层显著提高了DD6基体的抗氧化能力,经100h的循环氧化后,涂层表面氧化层主要成分仍为α-Al2O3,依然发挥着较好的抗氧化保护作用。这两种涂层与基体之间形成了互扩散区(IDZ)和二次反应区(SRZ),IDZ和SRZ的厚度均随着循环氧化时间延长而增大;SRZ中析出的棒状与颗粒状的拓扑密堆相(TCP)含有W、Re、Mo等高熔点元素,其质量分数分别高达37.51%、14.22%和10.61%,TCP含量随着氧化时间而增多。活性元素Si、Hf对涂层中富Cr相和TGO的增长速率均有一定的抑制作用。     

飞秒激光能量密度对镍基合金重铸层和加工效率的影响

以航空发动机叶片制孔为导向,结合飞秒激光对单晶镍基高温合金材料的非热熔性损伤阈值(Φth1)和热熔性损伤阈值(Φth2)特征,研究了飞秒激光能量密度(0Φ44.2J/cm2)对制孔重铸层和加工效率的影响规律。研究结果表明:在Φth1ΦΦth2时,镍基合金经飞秒激光加工后加工侧壁没有出现明显的重铸物;在ΦΦth2时,加工侧壁开始出现重铸物,并随着能量密度的增加,重铸层厚度增大。在试验结果的基础上,建立了飞秒激光单脉冲加工深度与能量密度的定量关系。能量密度越高,飞秒激光单脉冲加工深度越大,加工效率越高。     

Grinding force and surface quality in creep feed profile grinding of turbine blade root of nickel-based superalloy with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels

Creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms of single crystal nickel-based superalloy was conducted using microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels in the present study. The grinding force and the surface quality in terms of surface topography, subsurface microstructure, microhardness and residual stress obtained under different grinding conditions were evaluated comparatively. Experimental results indicated that the grinding force was influenced significantly by the competing predominance between the grinding parameters and the cross-sectional root workpiece profile. In addition, the root workpiece surface, including the root peak and valley regions, was produced with the large difference in surface quality due to the nonuniform grinding loads along the root workpiece profile in normal section. Detailed results showed that the surface roughness, subsurface plastic deformation and work hardening level of the root valley region were higher by up to 25%, 20% and 7% in average than those obtained in the root peak region, respectively, in the current investigation. Finally, the superior parameters were recommended in the creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms. This study is helpful to provide industry guidance to optimize the machining process for the high-valued parts with complicated profiles.     

Effect of tube-electrode inner diameter on electrochemical discharge machining of nickel-based superalloy

Nickel-based superalloys are widely employed in modern aircraft engines because of their excellent material characteristics, particularly in the fabrication of film cooling holes. How-ever, the high machining requirement of a large number of film cooling holes can be extremely chal-lenging. The hybrid machining technique of tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling (TEHECDD) has been considered as a promising method for the production of film cooling holes. Compared with any single machining process, this hybrid technique requires the removal of more complex machining by-products, including debris produced in the electrical discharge machin-ing process and hydroxide and bubbles generated in the electrochemical machining process. These by-products significantly affect the machining efficiency and surface quality of the machined prod-ucts. In this study, tube electrodes in different inner diameters are designed and fabricated, and the effects of inner diameter on the machining efficiency and surface quality of TEHECDD are inves-tigated. The results show that larger inner diameters could effectively improve the flushing condi-tion and facilitate the removal of machining by-products. Therefore, higher material removal efficiency, surface quality, and electrode wear rate could be achieved by increasing the inner diam-eter of the tube electrode.     

NiCrAlYSi涂层/DD6单晶高温合金界面再结晶和互扩散行为

采用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)在单晶高温合金DD6基体上沉积NiCrAlYSi涂层.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)以及透射电镜(TEM)等研究了高温扩散过程中NiCrAlYSi/DD6的界面再结晶和互扩散行为.研究结果表明合金表面喷砂处理后的涂层试样经1 323 K真空热处理4 ...     

Ru过渡层对NiCoCrAlY涂层与DD6单晶高温合金界面扩散行为的影响

针对第二代单晶高温合金DD6开展了一种具有阻扩散功能的金属防护涂层的探索性研究.采用电镀和电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)方法在DD6单晶高温合金上制备了NiCoCrAlY/Ru双层结构涂层,同时采用EB-PVD在单晶合金上沉积了单层NiCoCrAlY涂层.研究结果表明,在1 050℃大气环境中扩散处理300 h后,...     

DZ125定向凝固高温合金长期时效后的显微组织和超高周疲劳行为

 选用950 ℃时效温度,对DZ125定向凝固高温合金进行了500、1 000、1 500 h的长期时效。利用超声疲劳试验机测试了合金的超高周疲劳性能。采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)研究了合金的显微组织和超高周疲劳行为。结果表明:长期时效对DZ125合金的组织稍有影响,长期时效后合金的点阵错配度降低,随着时效时间的延长,γ'相聚集长大更加明显,未出现拓扑密排相(TCP)等有害相;长期时效对DZ125合金的超高周疲劳性能稍有影响,随着时效时间的延长,疲劳性能呈下降趋势,疲劳断口较平整,裂纹起源于试样的表面,在超高周疲劳后合金的晶粒发生了小幅度旋转。     

FGH97缺口试样基于黏塑性本构的弹塑性响应分析

针对缺口试样在高温条件下局部区域应力应变难于测量的问题,基于光滑试样材料力学性能试验,优化得到550℃粉末高温合金FGH97的Chaboche黏塑性统一本构方程参数,并将其应用到FGH97缺口试样单调拉伸及循环加载弹塑性有限元分析中.研究结果表明：①缺口局部区域进入塑性后其应力分布与弹性条件明显不同,随应力增大,最大应力位置向内移动;②在循环载荷条件下,随着循环数的增加,缺口平分线上应力/应变范围变化不大,缺口根部塑性区域出现明显平均应力松弛,并逐渐趋于稳定,导致缺口根部循环载荷比不同于外部施加载荷;③缺口根部塑性区域逐渐增大,但增大的幅度逐渐降低.该研究可为进一步分析缺口构件疲劳寿命影响因素提供支持.     

DZ40M合金缺陷试样TLP-DB接头力学性能研究

开展定向凝固钴基高温合金DZ40M的过渡液相扩散焊试验,研究不同界面缺陷率DZ40M合金TLP-DB接头的高温力学性能。结果表明:采用1260℃/0.5h+1200℃/6h规范可实现DZ40M合金过渡液相扩散焊的良好结合;接头高温持久强度达到等条件下母材的70%以上;当界面缺陷率达15%时,接头高温持久强度仍达到母材的70%以上;但随着缺陷比例的增大,断裂位置由母材转移到焊缝。