污染空气对乙烯燃料超声速燃烧影响的试验

为了评估污染组分对乙烯燃料超声速燃烧性能的影响,利用西北工业大学电阻加热直连式超声速燃烧室试验平台,模拟飞行Ma=4条件下的燃烧室进口条件(总压pt=760kPa,总温Tt=800K,Ma=2),开展了来流分别为纯净空气和污染空气的乙烯燃料超声速燃烧对比试验。完成了当量油气比ER=0.57,来流分别为纯净空气和污染空气(CO2摩尔浓度分别为3%,7.5%,H2O摩尔浓度为7.5%)条件下的对比试验。试验匹配了纯净空气来流与污染空气来流燃烧室进口总压、总温、氧气摩尔浓度(21%)、Ma数与当量油气比。给出了燃烧室壁面压力分布对比试验结果与分析。     

Ignition enhancement of ethylene/air by NOx addition

Recently, non-equilibrium plasma assisted combustion (PAC) has been found to be promising in reducing the ignition delay time in hypersonic propulsion system. NO x produced by non-equilibrium plasma can react with intermediates during the fuel oxidation process and thereby has influence on the combustion process. In this study, the effects of NO x addition on the ignition process of both the homogeneous ethylene/air mixtures and the non-premixed diffusion layer are examined numerically. The detailed chemistry for ethylene oxidization together with the NO x sub-mechanism is included in the simulation. Reaction path analysis and sensitivity analysis are conducted to give a mechanistic interpretation for the ignition enhancement by NO x addition. It is found that for both the homogenous and non-premixed ignition processes at normal and elevated pressures, NO 2 addition has little influence on the ignition delay time while NO addition can significantly promote the ignition process. The ignition enhancement is found to be caused by the promotion in hydroxyl radical production which quickly oxidizes ethylene. The promotion in hydroxyl radical production by NO addition is achieved in two ways:one is the direct production of OH through the reaction HO2+NO = NO2+OH, and the other is the indirect production of OH through the reactions NO+O2=NO2+O and C2H4+O = C2H3+OH. Moreover, it is found that similar to the homogeneous ignition process, the acceleration of the diffusion layer ignition is also controlled by the reaction HO2+NO = NO2+OH.     

空气污染组分H_2O和CO_2对乙烯点火特性的影响

超燃研究地面实验中通过燃烧加热方式获得的高焓气体中通常含有H2O和CO2等污染组分,污染组分可能造成地面实验与天空飞行中燃料的点火特性出现差异。为了正确评估这两种污染组分对碳氢燃料点火特性的影响,在预加热激波管上研究了H2O和CO2对乙烯点火特性的影响效应。以压力0.2MPa,化学当量比1和0.5乙烯在纯净气体中点火特性为基础,分别进行了单独加入7.5%,15%和25%的H2O,单独加入10%的CO2,以及同时加入25%H2O+10%CO2条件下,污染组分对乙烯点火特性影响的对比实验研究。结果表明:在贫油条件下(Φ=0.5),单独污染组分H2O和CO2对乙烯的点火基本没有影响;在化学当量比条件下(Φ=1)时,H2O和CO2分别对乙烯的点火具有一定的阻滞作用;当H2O和CO2同时存在时,污染组分在较大温度范围内表现出对乙烯点火的阻滞作用。从燃烧反应机理和热物理性质的角度对实验结果进行了初步分析。     

Effect of temperature on corrosion behavior of 3003 aluminum alloy in ethylene glycol–water solution

The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of 3003 aluminum alloy in ethylene glycol–water solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) techniques. The surface characterization was observed and determined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), atomic force microscopy(AFM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). The results demonstrate that the anodic aluminum dissolution and the cathodic oxygen reduction were accelerated by the increased temperature. However, as temperature was over60 °C, the solubility and concentration of oxygen decreased, resulting in the inhibition of cathodic reaction. The cathodic reaction rate of 3003 aluminum alloy rose to the maximum at 60 °C. The Warburg impedance in Nyquist diagram diminished and then was replaced by a negative capacitance caused by the absorption of intermediate corrosion product on electrode. On the other hand,after potentiodynamic measurements, 3003 aluminum alloy suffered pitting corrosion. The dissolution of aluminum alloy around secondary phase particles expanded both horizontally and vertically.     

非平衡等离子体控制乙烯-空气旋流反扩散火焰实验研究

摘要：为研究非平衡等离子体自身特性及其对乙烯-空气反扩散火焰的影响,基于同轴旋流式等离子体喷嘴,采用交流激励介质阻挡放电（Alternating Current Dielectric Barrier Discharge, AC DBD）方式在乙烯旋流中产生非平衡等离子体,分别从放电图像、温度和流场变化等方面对乙烯等离子体的电学特性、热效应和气动效应进行了研究,最后通过反扩散火焰可见光和CH*自发辐射图像详细分析了等离子体对乙烯-空气反扩散火焰的影响及其机理。结果表明,AC DBD激励方式使乙烯旋流在喷嘴环缝内产生了丝状非平衡等离子体,丝状等离子体通道数目随着激励电压上升而显著增加。与空气等离子体和氧气等离子体相似,乙烯等离子体兼具热效应和气动效应,其热效应主要集中在放电核心区域,对射流加热作用微弱,对燃烧的影响可以忽略不计;气动效应显著,主要体现在增强了射流掺混、扩大了射流覆盖面积以及降低了转捩点高度,射流掺混的增强导致反扩散火焰最大释热强度提升,且在低当量比时较为明显,射流转捩点高度的降低引起了火焰中心位置下降。     

乙烯氧化动力学机理简化

为获得可用于工程模拟的高精度乙烯简化机理,采用反应路径分析方法及近似轨迹优化算法(ATOA)对乙烯氧化机理进行了框架简化。简化结果表明,ATOA在给定的自点火误差条件下能获得更精简的框架机理。以包含70个物种、463个基元反应的乙烯氧化详细机理为基础,获得了包含32个物种、194个基元反应的框架机理。该机理与已报道的直接关系图法获得的框架机理对比验证表明,获得的框架机理更忠实于详细机理。该简化模型组分数量少、精度高。