面向下一代运载火箭的综合电子系统集成技术

介绍了面向下一代运载火箭分布式模块化电子系统(DIMA)的集成技术及系统架构。针对下一代运载火箭复杂电子系统的特点，按照系统集成的路线，对系统设计目标、系统功能需求分析、系统抽象机制、系统综合技术等多方面进行论述。首先，根据电气系统功能获得系统需求，采用功能抽象和层次抽象定义系统抽象模型，提取出高内聚低耦合的原子功能模块，并对模块的属性、交换关系、时序约束关系等进行定义；然后采用可视化表征方法对系统进行深入分析，利用系统综合技术实现了从系统功能到硬件资源的映射，从而给出了集成控制单元和模块的种类；随后采用分时分区的设计理念对系统节点分区划分方案及容错架构进行了定义，并对分区操作系统的调度模型和交换式的数据交互网络进行了论述，最终给出了系统软硬件架构。     

Fully distributed time-varying formation tracking control for multiple quadrotor vehicles via finite-time convergent extended state observer

This paper investigates a time-varying anti-disturbance formation problem for a group of quadrotor aircrafts with time-varying uncertainties and a directed interaction topology. A novel Finite-Time Convergent Extended State Observer (FTCESO) based fully-distributed formation control scheme is proposed to enhance the disturbance rejection and the formation tracking performances for networked quadrotors. By adopting the hierarchical control strategy, the multi-quadrotor system is separated into two subsystems: the outer-loop cooperative subsystem and the inner-loop attitude subsystem. In the outer-loop subsystem, with the estimation of disturbing forces and uncertain dynamics from FTCESOs, an adaptive consensus theory based cooperative controller is exploited to ensure the multiple quadrotors form and maintain a time-varying pattern relying only on the positions of the neighboring aircrafts. In the inner-loop subsystem, the desired attitude generated by the cooperative control law is stably tracked under a FTCESO-based attitude controller in a finite time. Based on a detailed algorithm to specify the cooperative control protocol, the feasibility condition to achieve the time-varying anti-disturbance formation tracking is derived and the rigorous analysis of the whole closed-loop multi-quadrotor system is given. Some numerical examples are conducted to intuitively demonstrate the effectiveness and the improvements of the proposed control framework.     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

A holistic approach to SIM platform and its application to early-warning satellite system

This study proposes a new simulation platform named Simulation Integrated Management (SIM) for the analysis of parallel and distributed systems. The platform eases the process of designing and testing both applications and architectures. The main characteristics of SIM are flexibility, scalability, and expandability. To improve the efficiency of project development, new models of early-warning satellite system were designed based on the SIM platform. Finally, through a series of experiments, the correctness of SIM platform and the aforementioned early-warning satellite models was validated, and the systematical analyses for the orbital determination precision of the ballistic missile during its entire flight process were presented, as well as the deviation of the launch/landing point. Furthermore, the causes of deviation and prevention methods will be fully explained. The simulation platform and the models will lay the foundations for further validations of autonomy technology in space attack-defense architecture research.     

北斗导航接收机高增益相干积分算法

近年来,针对弱信号的高灵敏度接收机已逐渐成为国内外的研究热点。加长相干积分时间可以提高信噪比,从而跟踪到更弱的信号。但是,北斗导航接收机跟踪环路并不可以无限加长相干积分时间,相干积分时间的长短和功效还受到卫星导航电文比特跳变的限制。为了消除导航电文比特跳变对相干积分的影响,提出了一种改进的基于最大似然估计的北斗信号位同步方法,完成位同步后再利用先猜后检的方法便可以实现长相干积分。利用软件接收机进行编程设计,仿真结果表明：该长相干积分算法能够稳定可靠地实现对弱信号的跟踪,20ms相干积分环路信噪比约提升12dB,40ms相干积分环路信噪比约提升15dB,80ms相干积分环路信噪比约提升17dB,提高了北斗导航接收机的灵敏度。     

双向比对高精度物理时间同步方法

提出一种面向未来卫星在轨应用的闭环物理高精度时间同步方法。比较了所提方法与其他时间同步方法的区别与优势，建立了远程系统时间同步基本模型与误差传递模型，基于双向测距和时间传递技术分析了高精度钟差获取原理，给出了时钟调整环路的时域频域参数依赖关系。完成了高精度时间同步地面试验系统构建，测试了开环非调钟状态下钟差测量精度误差、闭环调钟状态下时间同步准确度误差以及长时运行情况下的时间同步监测结果。测试结果表明，该方法能够实现优于1 ns量级的时间同步，为高精度时间同步技术研究提供了新的途径。     

深空探测器无线电干涉测量开源数据处理系统构建及试验

为更好地开展深空无线电干涉测量试验,基于DiFX(Distributed FX,分布式FX型相关处理)、SPICE(Spacecraft Planet Instrument Camera-matrix Events,航天器行星仪器照相机矩阵事件)、HOPS(Haystack Observatory Postprocessing System,Haystack克天文台后处理系统)及AIPS(Astronomical Image Processing System,天文图像处理系统)等开源软件,搭建了一套可用于深空探测器信号相关处理的无线电干涉测量数据处理系统。首先介绍了该系统的整体架构及组成,然后介绍了系统各组成模块的功能及工作原理,最后利用该系统对嫦娥三号着陆器开展了观测试验,并对观测数据进行了处理。试验结果表明,该系统能成功实现深空航天器信号的相关处理、条纹拟合,以及时延解算等功能,有望为我国嫦娥五号任务及火星探测任务数据处理提供支持。     

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

卫星编队飞行输出反馈姿态协同跟踪控制

针对卫星编队飞行姿态协同跟踪的控制过程中角速度信息不可测及外界常值干扰的问题,提出输出反馈协同控制器的设计方法。首先,利用绝对及相对姿态误差信息设计含有积分项的滤波器,并在控制器中引入滤波器的输出信息;同时,考虑到卫星的模型不确定性,设计自适应估计器以对卫星的转动惯量进行在线估计。此外,论证了当卫星编队的通信拓扑结构满足无向树形结构的条件时,仅对任意一颗卫星期望姿态可知即可使整个系统协同收敛于期望值。设计的控制器无需卫星角速度信息即可使角速度信息协同达到期望值,并且引入积分项使得闭环控制系统对常值干扰有良好抑制效果,同时给出降低系统的信息通信压力的分析。最后将提出的算法应用于无需角速度信息反馈的卫星编队飞行的协同控制,仿真结果表明该方法的可行性与有效性,具有实际的应用前景。