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1.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(10):20-35
Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.  相似文献   
2.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(4):241-252
Particle-tool interactions, which govern the synergetic deformation of SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites under mechanical machining, strongly depend on the geometry of particle position residing on cutting path. In the present work, we investigate the influence of cutting path on the machinability of a SiCp/Al composite in multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting by combining finite element simulations with experimental observations and characterization. Be consistent with experimentally characterized microstructures, the simulated SiCp/Al composite is considered to be composed of randomly distributed polygonally-shaped SiC particles with a volume fraction of 25vol%. A multi-step cutting strategy with depths of cut ranging from 2 to 10 μm is adopted to achieve an ultimate depth of cut of 10 μm. Intrinsic material parameters and extrinsic cutting conditions utilized in finite element simulations of SiCp/Al cutting are consistent with those used in corresponding experiments. Simulation results reveal different particle-tool interactions and failure modes of SiC particles, as well as their correlations with machining force evolution, residual stress distribution and machined surface topography. A detailed comparison between numerical simulation results and experimental data of multi-step diamond cutting of SiCp/Al composite reveals a substantial impact of the number of cutting steps on particle-tool interactions and machined surface quality. These findings provide guidelines for achieving high surface finish of SiCp/Al composites by ultra-precision diamond cutting.  相似文献   
3.
The effects of physical events on the ionosphere structure is an important field of study, especially for navigation and radio communication. The paper presents the spatio-temporal ionospheric TEC response to the recent annular solar eclipse on June 21, 2020, which spans across two continents, Africa and Asia, and 14 countries. This eclipse took place on the same day as the June Solstice. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based TEC data of the Global Ionosphere Maps (GIMs), 9 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations and FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) were utilized to analyze TEC response during the eclipse. The phases of the TEC time series were determined by taking the difference of the observed TEC values on eclipse day from the previous 5-day median TEC values. The results showed clear depletions in the TEC time series on June 21. These decreases were between 1 and 9 TECU (15–60%) depending on the location of IGS stations. The depletions are relatively higher at the stations close to the path of annular eclipse than those farther away. Furthermore, a reduction of about ?10 TECU in the form of an equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) was observed in GIMs at ~20° away from the equator towards northpole, between 08:00–11:00 UT where its maximum phase is located in southeast Japan. Additionally, an overall depletion of ~10% was observed in F7/C2 derived TEC at an altitude of 240 km (hmF2) in all regions affected by the solar eclipse, whereas, significant TEC fluctuations between the altitudes of 100 km ? 140 km were analyzed using the Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter. To prove TEC depletions are not caused by space weather, the variation of the sunspot number (SSN), solar wind (VSW), disturbance storm-time (Dst), and Kp indices were investigated from 16th to 22nd June. The quiet space weather before and during the solar eclipse proved that the observed depletions in the TEC time series and profiles were caused by the annular solar eclipse.  相似文献   
4.
区域导航星座能够以较低成本和较短时间获得目标区域导航能力,且地球同步轨道是构建非极区区域导航星座的重要轨道类型。提出一种基于GEO(地球静止轨道)和IGSO(倾斜地球同步轨道)的区域导航星座设计方法。基于星下点轨迹特性构造对称星座设计参数和优化参数集,并考虑地球扁率长期摄动影响,计算星座轨道参数。以导航服务区的统计GDOP(几何精度因子)为目标函数,利用差分进化算法构建星座优化模型。以印度IRNSS的7星星座为例,仿真检验了设计和优化算法的正确性,讨论了IRNSS星座优化构型和轨道类型选取。本方法采用的对称星座设计参数少,能够提升GEO/IGSO混合区域导航星座的全局优化效率,为后续非对称星座快速提供最佳星数和构型设计。  相似文献   
5.
冯亚洲  任军学  刘战锋  韩晓兰 《航空学报》2021,42(10):524820-524820
随着制造理念和制造水平的不断提高,大量复合制造工艺背景下的近净成形叶片被应用到现役或在研的航空发动机中。该类叶片是典型的复杂薄壁结构零件,无精确定位基准,且成形一致性差。采用传统叶身定位,加工后的前/后缘、榫齿形状和位置精度均难以保证,从而导致产品一致性差,易超差与合格率低。针对以上问题,提出一种面向自适应加工的复杂薄壁结构零件工艺几何模型重构方法。首先,建立复杂曲面的采样点分布模型,快速获取叶片精确成型区域的位置和形状;其次,提出基于特征曲线相似变形的模型重构算法,精确重构前/后缘非精确成型区域的工艺几何模型;最后,通过精锻叶片自适应加工试验进行验证。试验结果表明:该方法可有效满足以精锻叶片为代表的复杂薄壁构件自适应加工要求。  相似文献   
6.
7.
针对同轨多星定位系统以及高低轨联合定位系统需要卫星数量多的特点,设想地面站和卫星联合定位体制。考虑到时差定位体制对卫星运动不敏感的特征,提出一星三地和两星一地2种定位体制,从定位场景、定位原理、理论定位误差和误差分布4个方面对定位效能分析。重点论述了两星一地时差定位误差的地理分布、时间分布以及受高度的影响,对将来的工程化应用提供支撑。  相似文献   
8.
结合火箭发动机工程应用环境,研究了GN-1煤油高温高压热物性、安全特性、传热结焦性能以及点火延迟性能,并和现役火箭煤油作了对比分析。采用商业仪器对GN-1煤油在最高200℃、最高压力25MPa范围内的密度、黏度、定压比热容、导热系数、表面张力进行了实验测量。在实验数据的基础上,依据基团贡献法、基于比容平移法则的P-R方程、摩擦理论、广义对应态原理分别对GN-1煤油在最高350℃、最高压力60MPa范围内的密度、黏度、定压比热容、导热系数、表面张力进行了理论计算,建立了GN-1煤油的密度方程、黏度方程、导热系数方程,并将方程的计算值与实验值进行了对比,计算偏差较小。对GN-1煤油和火箭煤油的安全性能进行对比研究,GN-1煤油的闪点为40℃,自燃温度为305℃,高于火箭煤油(225℃);燃点为47℃,低于火箭煤油(82℃),GN-1煤油的爆炸极限范围为0.44%-2.9%(40℃)。GN-1煤油和火箭煤油的急性经口毒性LD50>5000mg/kg,均属于第五级化合物(实际无毒)。在入口压力10 MPa,流速10 m·s-1,内壁温480℃条件下,GN-1煤油的传热系数比火箭煤油提高14.4%,建立了传热准则方程。GN-1煤油出口油温220℃时试验段平均结焦速率是出口油温150℃时的4.43倍,GN-1煤油不锈钢材质管路中试验段平均结焦为高合管材质管路中的22.3%。在970K-1105K温度范围内,GN-1煤油的点火延迟时间为320μs-471μs,是火箭煤油的55.6%-69.3%。相关研究可对发动机可靠设计及应用提供重要参考。  相似文献   
9.
利用先驱体转化法制备C/C-SiC复合材料,对试样进行微观结构分析和性能测试,研究渗硅温度、保温时间、真空度和裂解周期对C/C-SiC复合材料致密度的影响。结果表明:随着渗硅温度的升高,材料的致密度呈先加速升高后快速下降趋势;随着保温时间的延长,材料的致密度先快速升高,保持一段时间稳定后再缓慢降低;随着烧结真空度的提高,材料的致密度加速升高;随着裂解周期的增加,材料的致密度不断增大,但增速逐步降低。经过11周期的“浸渍-固化-裂解”过程后,所制备的C/C-SiC复合材料获得最大密度2.09 g/cm3、最小孔隙率7.6%,其综合力学性能最为优异:弯曲强度468 MPa、拉伸强度242 MPa、断裂韧度19.6 MPa?m1/2、维氏硬度17.2 GPa。  相似文献   
10.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(1):148-162
In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.  相似文献   
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