A new bearing fault diagnosis method based on modified convolutional neural networks

Fault diagnosis is vital in manufacturing system. However, the first step of the traditional fault diagnosis method is to process the signal, extract the features and then put the features into a selected classifier for classification. The process of feature extraction depends on the experimenters’ experience, and the classification rate of the shallow diagnostic model does not achieve satisfactory results. In view of these problems, this paper proposes a method of converting raw signals into two-dimensional images. This method can extract the features of the converted two-dimensional images and eliminate the impact of expert’s experience on the feature extraction process. And it follows by proposing an intelligent diagnosis algorithm based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which can automatically accomplish the process of the feature extraction and fault diagnosis. The effect of this method is verified by bearing data. The influence of different sample sizes and different load conditions on the diagnostic capability of this method is analyzed. The results show that the proposed method is effective and can meet the timeliness requirements of fault diagnosis.     

机载托架自动校准系统的设计与实现

为了解决机载托架传统校准方法精度低、耗时、费力等问题,设计了一种高精度、高效率并且操作简单的成品托架自动校准系统。该系统运用调平精度较高的"循环多次"最高点不动调平方法,建立高精度机载托架校准的静力学数学模型,运用VC与Matlab的COM接口编程技术开发机载托架自动校准系统,并建立良好的人机交互界面。试验结果表明,利用该方法对机载托架进行校准,无论是校准精度还是校准效率都较传统方法有很大提高。     

Multi-faults diagnosis of rolling bearings via adaptive customization of flexible analytical wavelet bases

Multi-faults detection is a challenge for rolling bearings due to the mode mixture and coupling of multiple fault features, as well as its easy burying in the complex, non-stationary structural vibrations and strong background noises. In this paper, a method based on the flexible analytical wavelet transform (FAWT) possessing fractional scaling and translation factors is proposed to identify multiple faults occurred in different components of rolling bearings. During the route of the proposed method, the proper FAWT bases are constructed via genetic optimization algorithm (GA) based on maximizing the spectral correlated kurtosis (SCK) which is firstly presented and proved to be efficient and effective in indicating interested fault mode. Via using the customized FAWT bases for each interested fault mode, the original vibration measurements are decomposed into fine frequency subbands, and the sensitive subband which enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is selected to exhibit the fault signature on its envelope spectrum. The proposed method is tested via simulated signals, and applied to analyze the experimental vibration measurements from the running roller bearings subjected to outrace, inner-race and roller defects. The analysis results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying multi-faults occurred in different components of rolling bearings.     

基于ProCAST的镁合金惯组支架砂型铸造工艺研究

为实现镁合金惯组支架的高效率、高质量研制,使用ProCAST软件仿真优化ZM5镁合金惯组支架铸造工艺。通过对充型、凝固过程进行分析,发现铸件内部的3条薄壁筋板易出现浇不足、冷隔缺陷,圆弧面内侧厚壁筋条易出现缩孔、缩松等缺陷。经过优化设计,通过采取增加薄壁筋板厚度、调整内浇道位置、改变厚壁筋板上侧冒口结构等措施,较好地避免了上述铸造缺陷的产生,获得了合格的支架铸件。数值模拟仿真技术可应用于绝大多数航天构件的铸造过程分析,实现构件快速研制。     

多工况载荷下航空发动机支架拓扑优化设计

将基于变密度法的拓扑优化技术引入到航空发动机外部支撑结构(例如附件支架)设计中,以多工况下的总柔度为目标函数,以体积为约束函数对某发动机支架进行基于拓扑优化的结构设计。根据发动机机匣与附件的相对位置关系建立支架初始模型,开展发动机外部支架结构受力分析研究,建立了基于多工况载荷下拓扑优化和考虑强度影响的尺寸优化相结合的发动机外部支撑结构设计方法,并对最终支架结构进行强度、振动、外廓性校核评估。结果表明：最终模型最大应力出现在工况3情况下,最大主应力为345 MPa低于材料疲劳极限;支架的第1阶固有频率在发动机最高转速频率的125倍以上。采用该方法对某发动机外部支撑结构进行拓扑优化设计,在满足强度、振动和外廓要求的前提下,最终模型质量仅为初始模型的73%。基于多工况的优化结果更符合发动机实际工作需求,该方法研究具有工程应用前景。     

惯导系统旋转机构轴承动力学建模方法研究

旋转机构是旋转调制捷联惯导系统的关键部件之一。为了精确模拟旋转机构的动力学特性,研究了支撑旋转轴系的双列球轴承的动力学建模方法,提出了使用Bushing单元来建立同时具有径向移动刚度、轴向移动刚度和径向角刚度的三向刚度轴承动力学模型的方法。利用有限元数值仿真方法计算了三向刚度数值,并利用轴承手册上的经验公式进行了验证。在此基础上,建立了含弹性轴承支撑的旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构的结构动力学有限元模型,分析比较了轴承有无角刚度两种状态下的固有模态。分析结果表明:对于旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构来说,轴承模型角刚度对计算精度的影响较大,角刚度已知的模型更接近真实情况。     

外翼上壁板根部连接形式对飞机承载能力的影响研究

在飞机结构设计中,外翼上壁板根部连接处结构形式对飞机的传力、变形、承载能力具有重要影响.通过对3种不同形式的上壁板根部连接方案进行压缩试验,研究各方案的承载能力、破坏方式.通过三维有限元方法,计算了连接部位的主要螺钉所分配的载荷,研究了长桁根部斜角对结构屈服载荷的影响,得到了最优的选型方案.     

一种舱内仪器可换支架结构设计及强度分析

针对导弹舱内仪器快速更换的需求,从接口设计、轻量化设计、安全性设计、人机工程角度出发,提出一种导弹舱体内仪器可换支架一体化结构。通过仿真分析和试验验证,试验结果与仿真数据基本吻合。该支架克服了操作空间狭窄和大尺寸开口壳体强度减弱的难点,有效提高了仪器更换的操作效率,对后续弹体结构设计具有良好的指导作用。     

复合材料桁架式发动机支架改型设计分析

采用DFH-3改进型平台的卫星变轨发动机支架直接安装在承力筒下锥段的内壁,要求在正弦振动载荷条件下,变轨发动机安装法兰面的最大加速度响应(5Hz~100Hz范围内)不得超过3g。针对上述条件,本文对DFH-3改进型平台变轨发动机支架直接继承现有产品的可行性进行了分析,并对几种可能的设计变更方式进行了分析,最终得到了对变轨发动机支架结构进行加强的优选方案。     

大型壁板数控钻铆的三点快速调平算法

 针对传统机翼壁板铆接过程中托架调平所存在的问题，提出一种基于有限曲面加工区域的三点调平算法。利用机翼表面上待钻铆点附近三点的坐标来表征该铆接区域的空间姿态，通过钻铆系统的几何结构模型所确定的坐标变化矩阵，逆解出调平所需的各运动副位移增量。在钻铆系统结构模型和机翼曲面方程的基础上建立三点选取的优化模型，并利用外点罚函数法确定其优化解。西安飞机工业(集团)责任有限公司ARJ21新支线飞机的机翼壁板试验件数控钻铆结果表明，该算法能够实现较高的加工精度和调平效率。