A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

Angle of Attack (AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an aircraft. The measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight envelop. This paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications. In the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are concerned. This results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the autopilot. The most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes (MHPs). The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the ports. Due to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this paper. This paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.     

基于SSI通讯的吸附式水平测量仪设计

为满足飞行器发射平台不水平倾角的高精度测量以及与外部工控系统SSI实时通讯需求，设计了一款基于SSI串行通讯的高精度吸附式水平测量仪。本文详细阐述了水平测量仪的基本原理、机械结构组成、硬件电路原理以及SSI通讯接口的方案设计。经试验验证，该产品具有测量精度高，测角精度误差优于10″（3σ），工作性能稳定性好等特点，可广泛应用于发射平台、三轴转台、大理石平板等使用基准面的倾角测量领域，具有较高的工程应用价值。     

长航时高精度惯导系统姿态阵的四种解算方法

高精度惯性导航系统是保证水下或水面运载体长时间安全航行及搭载的仪器设备正常工作的关键技术之一,姿态阵解算是其核心问题。通过分解姿态阵以及分别采用Euler角和四元数描述姿态参数,建立解算姿态阵的四种方法;分别对这四种方法中的姿态模型进行扰动,并研究相应线性化误差模型的精度及其影响因素;利用数值仿真法对四种姿态解算方法的结果及对应的线性化误差模型的精度进行了比较分析,结果表明:姿态阵解算分解法显著差别于整体法,采用Euler角或四元数描述姿态参数对姿态阵解算精度的影响不显著,分解法对应的线性化误差模型的精度优于整体法。     

A novel integrated self-powered brake system for more electric aircraft

Traditional hydraulic brake systems require a complex system of pipelines between an aircraft engine driven pump (EDP) and brake actuators, which increases the weight of the aircraft and may even cause serious vibration and leakage problems. In order to improve the reliability and safety of more electric aircraft (MEA), this paper proposes a new integrated self-powered brake system (ISBS) for MEA. It uses a hydraulic pump geared to the main wheel to recover a small part of the kinetic energy of a landing aircraft. The recovered energy then serves as the hydraulic power supply for brake actuators. It does not require additional hydraulic source, thus removing the pipelines between an EDP and brake actuators. In addition, its self-powered characteristic makes it possible to brake as usual even in an emergency situation when the airborne power is lost. This paper introduces the working principle of the ISBS and presents a prototype. The mathematical models of a taxiing aircraft and the ISBS are established. A feedback linearization control algorithm is designed to fulfill the anti-skid control. Simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the ISBS, and experiments are conducted on a ground inertia brake test bench. The ISBS presents a good performance and provides a new potential solution in the field of brake systems for MEA.     

某型压差活门的动态特性分析

压差活门是航空发动机数控系统燃油计量装置中重要的液压部件,其稳定性和动态性能直接影响控制系统的整体性能。根据压差活门非线性微分方程,采用小偏差线性化方法,推导出了压差活门的动态数学模型,得到了压差活门的方框图以及传递函数。选取某压差活门参数建立了Simulink仿真模型,分别在频域和时域分析了其动态性能。结果表明:在频域上,比较了有无节流器时的回路增益函数伯德图,认为敏感油路上的节流器可以改善稳定性且提高控制精度,通过设计节流器的尺寸可以调节穿越频域,从而改善系统的动态性能;在时域上,分析了不同节流器尺寸下阶跃响应的动态性能,其试验结果与实际工程经验一致。     

基于轨道方程线性化的中段飞行轨道修正方法

对于深空探测、大范围远程交会、抵近观察等中段飞行时间较长的航天任务,中段轨道修正是完成任务的重要保证.基于摄动制导的思路,通过对轨道方程进行线性化,研究了二体条件下的中段轨道修正方法.在近地航天任务中,各种摄动力特别是J2项对终端位置精度的影响不可忽略,因此研究了考虑J2摄动影响时线性化方程的补偿方法.最后通过数值仿真...     

基于单目视觉的三点测量滚转角方法

确定轴对称物体的滚转角是光学测量的重要内容,具有十分广泛的工程应用背景。本文提出一种单像机测量滚转角的新方法,通过3个控制点即可完全确定物体滚转角。仿真数据计算证明了该方法的正确性和可行性。     

基于动态逆的空空导弹奇异摄动中制导律

结合奇异摄动和动态逆方法,以飞行时间和末端能量的线性组合为性能指标,推导了一种近最优中制导律.导弹状态方程根据状态变量时间常数写成三时间尺度系统.降阶系统包括纵程、横程和比能动力学方程.用最优控制理论求解出降阶系统最优解,即原系统的外解.动态逆应用于边界层修正,得到一个闭环控制器,其性能可根据爬升、高空等高飞行和下滑阶段或其他情况的不同要求进行调整.仿真结果表明:该制导律满足了对弹道平滑度、飞行时间和末端能量的要求.中段末端航向误差小,为中、末制导的平稳交接班提供了保障.     

再入机动飞行器自适应轨迹线性化控制

针对一类多输入多输出模型不确定系统,提出了一种基于广义模糊神经网络的自适应轨迹线性化控制方法(ATLC).针对再入机动飞行器(MRV)进行了控制器设计和分析.MRV气动参数存在较大的不确定,这会导致轨迹线性化控制器(TLC)鲁棒性能下降.利用广义模糊神经网络(G-FNN)在线补偿系统的非线性建模不确定,改善了控制器性能.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了ATLC闭环控制系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明自适应轨迹线性化控制系统在飞行器气动参数大范围摄动时仍具有鲁棒性和稳定性,验证了所提出的控制策略的有效性.     

基于模糊策略的高速飞行器滑模控制律设计

以通用高超声速飞行器GHV为研究对象,针对其俯仰通道设计了具有良好鲁棒性的飞行控制系统.为了便于应用滑模控制理论,对该模型进行了输入输出反馈线性化,将其转换成仿射型.鉴于鲁棒性与抖振的矛盾,基于指数趋近律完成了滑模控制律结构设计,进而采用了模糊控制理论改进指数趋近律.基于遗传算法完成了所有控制参数的设计,确定了模糊逻辑...