相位差法测量磁传感器阵列的非平行度

随着磁传感器技术及磁测技术的发展,通过测量磁梯度张量进行磁探测及磁定位已成为磁探领域的新方法。但在磁梯度张量测量过程中,由于机械安装的误差导致的磁传感器阵列中各传感器的磁轴的不平行将会极大的降低磁定位的精度。本文提出了一种易于实现的磁传感器阵列非平行度测量方法--相位差法,并通过试验验证了其有效性。     

无陀螺下基于修正罗德里格参数的星体姿态确定

介绍了修正罗德里格参数(MRP),分析比较了姿态表示参数修正罗德里格参数和四元数的算法特点。通过仿真计算,比较了当卫星受一阶马尔柯夫干扰力矩作用和CCD星敏感器为唯一星载角运动传感器时,分别用修正罗德里格参数和四元数作为姿态表示参数,采用UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)估计卫星航向、姿态及相应角速率的滤波效果。结果表明,用修正罗德里格参数法的姿态解算精度比用四元数法的姿态解算精度高,且计算效率明显优于四元数算法,计算量仅相当于四元数算法的一半,这是由于四元数的规范化条件(即模值为1),在姿态确定中会导致误差协方差阵奇异,而修正罗德里格参数虽然不是全局非奇异的,但是可以通过切换方法解决奇异性问题。     

A multi-rate sensor fusion approach using information filters for estimating aero-engine performance degradation

Gas-path performance estimation plays an important role in aero-engine health management, and Kalman Filter(KF) is a well-known technique to estimate performance degradation. In previous studies, it is assumed that different kinds of sensors are with the same sampling rate, and they are used for state estimation by the KF simultaneously. However, it is hard to achieve state estimation using various kinds of sensor measurements at the same sampling rate due to a complex network and physical characteristic differences between sensors, especially in an advanced multisensor architecture. For this purpose, a multi-rate sensor fusion using the information filtering approach is proposed based on the square-root cubature rule, which is called Multi-rate Squareroot Cubature Information Filter(MSCIF) to track engine performance degradation. Soft measurement synchronization of the MSCIF is designed to provide a sensor fusion condition for multiple sampling rates of measurement, and a fault sensor is isolated by maximum likelihood validation before state estimation. The contribution of this paper is to supply a novel multi-rate informationfilter approach for sensor fault tolerant health estimation of an aero-engine in a multi-sensor system. Tests are conducted for aero-engine performance degradation estimation with multiple sampling rates of sensor measurement on both digital simulation and semi-physical experiment.Experimental results illustrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of degradation estimation accuracy and robustness to sensor failure in a multi-sensor system.     

结构健康监测技术在航天运载器结构中的应用探索

为了探索结构健康监测技术在航天运载器结构中的应用，通过把微型传感器纳入箭体结构设计之中，和箭体结构集成为一体，从而达到结构自身对环境参数、受载情况的实时监测。以小型无线温度传感器为研究对象，通过方案设计和试验验证进行了初步探索，并针对在航天运载器结构中应用的后续工作提出思考。     

Real-time sensor fault detection and isolation for LEO satellite attitude estimation through magnetometer data

Attitude estimation is a critical component of the Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) of any satellite. It is used to convert the sensor observation data to an estimated attitude using filtering algorithms. However, in the presence of sensor faults, the ADCS fails to achieve the desired attitude accuracy. In this paper, the Fault Tolerant Extended Kalman Filter (FTEKF) is proposed to handle this imperfection. In accordance, various filtering steps are included in the FTEKF design to enhance both attitude estimation and sensor fault detection. The developed algorithm can detect and isolate any unexpected sensor faults in real time, which provides a reliable attitude estimation. A comparative study with the classical and robust Kalman filters is performed through numerical simulations in order to validate the effectiveness of the adopted filter in case of magnetometer fault data.     

长输埋地管道振动台试验传感器布置方案研究

在进行长输埋地管道振动台试验的过程中,针对数据信息的采集量测以及传感器的布置位置进行了研究。采用三维数值模拟的方法对管-土相互作用体系进行了地震反应分析,内容包括埋地管道结构纵、横向在非一致地震动作用下的地震响应及受力变形特征。根据计算结果确定了主观测断面及辅助观测断面的位置及观测断面上传感器布置的位置,在满足基本信息采集要求的前提下,对可供采用的信息采集通道进行了优化分配,由此确定本次试验的观测断面以及传感器的具体测量部位与数目。成果对试验获得成功起到了保障作用,可为同类试验提供参考。     

A novel wireless light sensing device for planetary and astronomical observations

A novel and versatile wireless light sensing device has been designed and tested for stellar and planetary photometric observations. The device weighing few 10 s of grams finds a number of potential applications in the fields of astronomy and in situ planetary exploration. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) using a number of these devices has been deployed to successfully carry out simultaneous photometric observations under different conditions viz. sunlight, twilight, moonlight etc. Observation of a star of known magnitude for flux calibration at low intensity has been carried out by coupling the device to a 1.2 m telescope which demonstrates its sensitivity. A WSN using these devices is further capable of spatio-temporal investigations of sky background intensities. Such a network can also be used to effectively monitor certain astronomical events (lunar eclipse, asteroid occultation etc.) simultaneously from several locations. The capability of the device, level of miniaturization and its versatility makes it a potential tool for many photometric applications.     

YH-98图像敏感式精密露点仪

介绍了图象敏感式露点仪的系统原理、软硬件构成及关键技术。该仪器经国家权威机构检定和若干单位试用，均证明其性能价格比高，推广前景广阔。     

传感器在卫星飞轮中的应用与发展

分析了传感器作为卫星飞轮关键部件的作用和对飞轮整体电性能的影响。介绍了飞轮中传感器的常用类型和工作原理，以及相应的应用情况和典型产品的性能。     

智能结构及其在振动主动控制中的应用

针对航天挠性结构的振动控制 ,介绍了智能结构的提出、概念、诞生原因以及作为智能结构中的传感和驱动元件的各种智能材料的特点 ,着重阐述了梁、板和壳结构的振动控制中应用的压电材料的国内外研究状况和采用的控制策略 ,并对智能结构在主动振动控制应用研究的问题进行了评述 ,如传感器 /驱动器的优化配置问题及准则 ,柔性结构的控制溢出问题及抑制方法。最后针对航天器的结构振动控制 ,展望了今后的研究与发展方向