Enhancement and Validation of the IDES Orbital Debris Environment Model

Orbital debris environment models are essential in predicting the characteristics of the entire debris environment, especially for altitude and size regimes where measurement data is sparse. Most models are also used to assess mission collision risk. The IDES (Integrated Debris Evolution Suite) simulation model has recently been upgraded by including a new sodium–potassium liquid coolant droplet source model and a new historical launch database. These and other features of IDES are described in detail. The accuracy of the IDES model is evaluated over a wide range of debris sizes by comparing model predictions to three major types of debris measurement data in low Earth orbit. For the large-size debris population, the model is compared with the spatial density distribution of the United States (US) Space Command Catalog. A radar simulation model is employed to predict the detection rates of mid-size debris in the field of view of the US Haystack radar. Finally, the small-size impact flux relative to a surface of the retrieved Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) spacecraft is predicted. At sub-millimetre sizes, the model currently under-predicts the debris environment encountered at low altitudes by approximately an order of magnitude. This is because other small-size debris sources, such as paint flakes have not yet been characterised. Due to the model enhancements, IDES exhibits good accuracy when predicting the debris environment at decimetre and centimetre sizes. Therefore, the validated initial conditions and the high fidelity future traffic model enables IDES to make long-term debris environment projections with more confidence.     

销钉接触对电位法测试精度影响的边界元分析

 用边界元法分析了销钉接触对3种电流输入方式下紧凑拉伸试样的电位函数影响。结果表明,销钉接触对电位测试精度有显著影响。试验中应首先考虑对俏钉孔进行绝缘。当不可能对销钉孔进行绝缘时,应对电位函数进行修正或变换电流输入位置。     

工艺装备结构与孔系加工精度的工艺分析

根据公差项目的特征要求，对某产品零件孔系加工的生产实际进行了工艺分析，对造成零件孔系加工误差的各项因素进行了定性和定量分析，找出了造成误差的根本原因是工艺装备结构设计带来的系统误差过大和加工工艺方法的缺陷的影响。在此分析的基础上对工艺装备的设计进行了改进，并对加工工艺进行了相应的调整，达到了预期的加工目的。这种技术工作方法，对生产现场的工程技术人员来说是基本要求，也是解决机械制造工艺问题的有效途径。     

概念设计阶段飞机起飞总重的估算

介绍了概念设计阶段飞机起飞总重估算的思路，特别是按照这种处理问题的思路提供了飞机起飞总重估算所用到的一个公式及其推演过程。公式是着眼于第三代／第四代飞机起飞总重估算建立的，当然适用于该类飞机起飞总重的估算。     

直线电机在划片机中的应用

介绍了直线电机在划片机中的应用,结果表明,直线电机在高精度定位和进给方面,性能优异。     

归零压差式攻角传感器位置误差低速风洞校测试验

本文介绍归零压差式攻角传感器位置误差风洞校测试验方法、项目、数据处理和校测结果。附录中给出了传感器精度指标计算例题。     

高精度混合型格式的构造及数值模拟

在守恒变量形式的无波动无自由参数耗散(NND)格式的基础上,引入样条插值的思想,并采用具有一致二阶精度格式的限制器函数,构造了一个在光滑区具有四阶精度,在激波附近降为二阶精度的混合型格式。在计算中采用具有总变差减少(TVD)性质的四阶R unge-K u tta方法进行时间离散,通过对多个典型算例的计算,并与NND格式作了比较,分析结果表明:混合四阶格式引起的耗散和波动较小,并且能够高精度地分辨间断。     

数字式智能标定仪表的研究

本文讨论了测试仪表的种类，提出了标定仪表的质量指标，并对数字式智能标定仪表的原理、结构静态特性修正和温度误差修正进行了分析。     

空间相机相对辐射定标精度分析

文章介绍了CCD相机辐射定标概念；分析对比了平均行标准差法、平均标准差法和广义噪声法三种计算相对辐射定标精度的算法；对归一化系数法、最小二乘法进行相对定标的数学原理进行了介绍：并采用中巴地球资源卫星02BCCD相机辐射定标数据计算三种定标精度，验证了理论分析的正确性，并指出了现有定义算法的不足处。     

Analysis Approach to Durability Based on Material Initial Fatigue Quality and S-N Curve

Based on probabilistic fracture mechanics approach, a new concept of material initial fatigue quality (MIFQ) is developed. Then, the relation between S-N curve and crack propagation curve is studied. From the study, a new durability analysis method is presented. In this method, S-N curve is used to determine crack growth rate under constant amplitude loading and evaluate the effects of different factors on durability and then the structural durability is analyzed. The tests and analyses indicate that this method has lower dependence on testing, and higher accuracy, reliability and generality and is convenient for application.