基于拓扑优化技术的飞机普通框设计方法研究

为了能够合理地降低飞机结构重量系数,针对飞机结构件,以普通框为研究对象,通过对“敏度阈值”的改进,提出“敏度变阈值”概念,并与“约束补偿”策略结合而形成拓扑优化算法,用于普通框的材料布局设计。以一轻型飞机的后段某一普通框为例,拓扑优化结果表明：(1)等材料设计时,刚度提高百分之四十;(2）等刚度设计时,材料用量减少百分之三十。由此可以得出：(1)基于“敏度变阈值”的拓扑优化算法用于飞机普通框改进设计是可行的和有效的;(2)给出了一种具有可操作性的设计方法,用以实现框结构“等刚度”的设计思想;(3)所给出的方法易于飞机结构设计人员接受与掌握,并且具有工程实用价值。     

Geometry and size optimization of stiffener layout for three-dimensional box structures with maximization of natural frequencies

Based on the growth mechanism of natural biological branching systems and inspiration from the morphology of plant root tips, a bionic design method called Improved Adaptive Growth Method (IAGM) has been proposed in the authors’ previous research and successfully applied to the reinforcement optimization of three-dimensional box structures with respect to natural frequencies. However, as a kind of ground structure methods, the final layout patterns of stiffeners obtained by using the IAGM are highly subjected to their ground structures, which restricts the optimization effect and freedom to further improve the dynamic performance of structures. To solve this problem, a novel post-processing geometry and size optimization approach is proposed in this article. This method takes the former layout optimization result as start, and iteratively finds the optimal layout angles, locations, and lengths of stiffeners with a few design variables by optimizing the positions of some specific node lines called active node lines. At the same time, thicknesses of stiffeners are also optimized to further improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures. Using this method, stiffeners can be successfully separated from their ground structures and further effectively improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures with less material consumption. Typical numerical examples are illustrated to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the suggested method.     

滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器设计初步研究

在分析国外滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器的发展现状基础上,提出了高超音速巡航飞行器的概念设计,对滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器总体方案提出了设想。选择乘波构型建立了滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器的气动布局,采用Euler方程数值解法Dahlem-Buck公式和切楔法对气动布局的亚、跨、超、高超音速气动特性进行了计算分析。由结果可见,建立的气动布局可满足总体方案设想中飞行任务要求。对滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器的动力技术进行了初步研究,分析了采用火箭基组合循环发动机(RBCC)方案所需的燃料消耗。由初步分析计算结果可见,对于Ma≈10的滑跃式高超音速巡航飞行器,采用RBCC作为推进系统,可满足总体方案的技术要求。     

地形景象匹配辅助导航可视化仿真研究及软件实现

为了直观有效验证地形景象匹配算法和演示地形辅助导航的过程,设计了地形景象辅助导航可视化仿真软件系统.利用Visual C 和OpenGL的功能实现了对导航数据和飞行过程的动态二维可视化曲线显示,对匹配区域中的实测图和参考图进行动态显示,能够直观地分析匹配结果的正确性;并在此基础上着重对地形景象匹配辅助导航过程实现了可视化仿真显示,能形象直观地演示地形景象辅助导航的过程及其性能.通过多次试验表明,该软件能很好地演示地形景象辅助导航系统的全过程及其性能,具有很好的实际应用价值.     

应用遗传算法研究典型冲件级进模排样设计

利用VB语言面向对象，智能化轻松设计界面的特点，建立典型冲件的级进模排样专家系统。实现了用遗传算法进行辅助排样设计决策分析，确定最优排样方案的设计路线。     

大型机场停车设施规划研究

针对现有大型机场停车设施规划存在的问题,对大型机场停车设施规划进行了初步研究,提出了大型机场停车设施性质定位及分类和大型机场停车设施规划布局的基本思路,简单介绍了约束型选址规划模型并将选址规划模型用于广州新白云机场停车设施规划中,所得结果证明此模型用于机场停车设施规划是切实可行的。     

一种面向运载火箭自动对接的三维测量场构建方法

旋转激光自动经纬仪系统(R-LATs)是一种基于前方角度交汇的分布式大尺寸测量系统。各激光扫描基站的布局位置直接影响着测量区域内的测量精度和应用性能。从测量区域的测量不确定度量化着手,利用蒙特卡罗法获取各点的测量不确定度,以测量区域的最大不确定度作为主要优化目标,利用差分进化算法自动寻优,更简单有效地实现了面向运载火箭自动对接的R-LATs系统布站优化。最后进行了运载火箭对接测量场的实际应用验证。应用结果表明:该方法能有效优化激光扫描基站布局,提高系统测量精度,满足实际应用需求。     

An optimization tool for satellite equipment layout

Selection of the satellite equipment layout with performance constraints is a complex task which can be viewed as a constrained multi-objective optimization and a multiple criteria decision making problem. The layout design of a satellite cabin involves the process of locating the required equipment in a limited space, thereby satisfying various behavioral constraints of the interior and exterior environments. The layout optimization of satellite cabin in this paper includes the C.G. offset, the moments of inertia and the space debris impact risk of the system, of which the impact risk index is developed to quantify the risk to a satellite cabin of coming into contact with space debris. In this paper an optimization tool for the integration of CAD software as well as the optimization algorithms is presented, which is developed to automatically find solutions for a three-dimensional layout of equipment in satellite. The effectiveness of the tool is also demonstrated by applying to the layout optimization of a satellite platform.     

支线飞机的非常规/常规融合布局研究

为了在支线飞机设计中利用非常规布局的优势提高其性能,同时避免其所带来的问题,提出基于飞翼的非常规/常规融合布局。首先介绍运输类飞机非常规气动布局飞翼的突出优势和面临的问题,然后提出非常规/常规融合布局,最后通过设计方案的逐步迭代改进和优化,得到气动性能优于新一代支线飞机的非常规/常规融合外形布局方案,其中巡航升阻比提高了约7.5%、阻力发散马赫数提高了约2.5%、巡航效率因子提高了约7.5%,同时确保了飞机具有良好的机场适应性。基于飞翼的非常规/常规融合布局方案具有进一步提升性能的潜力,同时避免飞翼的其他一些不利方面,为未来非常规布局运输飞机的研究奠定一定的基础。     

大部件对接中iGPS高精度位姿测量优化设计

 为保证大部件对接位姿测量精度,提高对接测量效率,实现大部件最优位姿装配,提出了基于iGPS测量系统的大部件对接位姿测量优化设计方法。首先,基于iGPS系统测量模型和不确定度模型建立对接测量网络,并对其网络测量精度进行仿真分析,优化设计了对接测量网络iGPS多发射器的布站方式;其次,基于对大部件位姿参数求解模型及不确定度模型的仿真分析,优化设计了调姿基准点的布设方式;最后,对某机型大部件对接进行了位姿测量方式的对比实验。结果表明,经过位姿测量优化设计后,大部件对接测量x、y、z的位置调整不确定度均小于0.16 mm,姿态滚转角、俯仰角和偏航角的角度调整不确定度均小于3.1",相较于未经布站优化设计的测量方式,精度至少提高了20%。由此证明该测量优化设计方案能够高效、高精度地对移动大部件进行实时位姿测量,在有效提高大部件对接位姿测量效率及精度方面是可行的。