新型无叶栅反推力装置的气动性能研究

结合国外的相关研究工作,对新型无叶栅反推力装置的气动性能进行研究和分析,利用康达效应提高新型无叶栅反推力装置的工作效率。计算结果表明,利用康达效应可以使新型反推力装置的轴向反推力系数从0.175提高到0.36。此种反推力装置与常规叶栅式反推力装置相比,质量大大减轻,适合应用在大涵道比涡扇发动机上。     

航空发动机滚珠轴承轴向载荷的间接测量方法

航空发动机滚珠轴承轴向载荷对发动机结构设计有重大影响。本文提出一种基于轴向载荷计算方法的滚珠轴承轴向载荷间接测量方法,通过实时测量并计算盘腔、流道的轴向力来实现滚珠轴承轴向载荷的间接测量。该方法可实时测量,操作简单,精度可控,优点突出。与弹性环测量方法进行的试验对比表明,轴向载荷间接测量方法测量结果真实可信。     

Numerical and experimental study of bleed impact in multistage axial compressors

In this study, the influence of inter-stage bleeding on the compressor performance and inter-stage flow field of a multistage axial compressor is investigated by both experimental and numerical methods. The experiment is conducted on a four-stage low-speed axial compressor, and a specific computational model is built to simulate the experiment environment accurately. To illuminate the fluid mechanisms of bleeding effect in detail, both the experiment and the simulation are carried out twice, i.e., in the first time, the mass flow rate upstream the bleed location is constant under different bleed rate conditions; while in the second time, the mass flow rate downstream the bleed location is constant under different bleed rate conditions. The results demonstrate that inter-stage bleeding has little influence on upstream compressor characteristics, and affects the upstream flow field only in the rear half of the stator. The bleed effect on the downstream flow field is embodied in the variation of an incoming flow profile, an increase as the compressor inlet flow coefficient decreases. Therefore, such an effect is only significant on compressor characteristics at small flow coefficient conditions. In multistage compressors, the variation of compressor characteristics and flow field caused by inter-stage bleeding is the comprehensive result of the bleeding and the variation of the upstream working condition. In addition, the comparison between numerical and experimental results shows that the flow moves towards top half of span through the downstream rotor passage in the numerical simulation, whereas the trend of flow field variation with different bleed rates at the outlet of the downstream rotor and stator is the same with that at the inlet of the downstream rotor in the experiment, which means that the numerical method has overestimated the radial mixing intensity of the flow.     

1种利用航空技术研制开发的安全、高效的轴流通风机

以AGF606-1.88-1.12风机设计为例,介绍了AGF606型高效轴流通风机的设计和试验方法,并给出了相关测试数据。     

STUDY ON THE POST-STALL BEHAVIOR OF AN AXIAL-FLOW COMPRESSION SYSTEM

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不同转速下超精密车床主轴轴向振动的实验研究

针对HCM-Ⅰ型超精密车床,进行了主轴轴向振动随电机转速变化规律的实验研究,不同转速下主轴轴向振动信号的傅立叶(FFT)谱表明,主轴系统与电机同频振动,在转速为700～800r/min时振动最大,该转速范围之外的主轴轴向振动幅值随转速的提高而增大。     

低速轴流压气机旋转失速演化机制研究

为深入探讨轴流压气机旋转失速机理,利用全环非定常数值模拟在出口边界添加节流阀模型模拟压气机节流过程,通过试验测量与数值模拟结果对比分析,澄清了低速轴流压气机失速先兆及失速团的产生和演化过程。研究结果表明：压气机在转子叶片安装角存在几何偏差的情况下,spike型失速先兆是由2阶模态的整阶扰动演化而来,并最终直接形成2个大尺寸全叶高的失速团;与轴对称转子模型相比,考虑存在几何偏差的转子模型的数值模拟结果更为接近试验测量结果。     

轴流压气机近失速及旋转失速全通道数值模拟

为研究轴流压气机失速起始的动态过程,对某两级低速轴流压气机的第1级进行整环全通道模拟.结果表明:在近失速点流场中存在周向大尺度的速度波动,该波动与静子叶排首先出现的周向不均匀分布的叶背附面层分离密切相关,并且随着压气机进一步节流,波动幅值逐渐增大,最终诱发转子若干通道出现严重附面层分离,堵塞流道,压气机进入旋转失速.失速团完全发展后的转动频率与试验结果吻合较好.      

轴流压气机大小叶片气动弹性稳定性分析

分别采用能量法和时域法对轴流压气机大小叶片进行了气动弹性稳定性分析,获得了叶片的气动模态阻尼比和叶片表面的非定常气动功分布.对叶片的振动位移响应进行了频域分析,并与常规设计转子作了对比.结果表明:大小叶片存在的结构失谐和气动失谐对气动弹性稳定性有明显的影响.气动失谐改善了叶片表面的非定常气动功分布,结构失谐改变了叶间相位角的影响.大小叶片对应的1阶模态振型的气动模态阻尼比为0.000791,而常规设计转子的值为0.000217,大小叶片相对于常规设计转子,不仅改善了气动性能,同时还提高了气动弹性稳定性.      

球柱联合转台轴承摩擦力矩特性

为研究球柱联合转台轴承摩擦力矩特性,建立了轴承的力学模型,采用Newton-Raphson法对模型进行求解。分析了轴承摩擦力矩产生机理,建立了摩擦力矩计算模型,利用试验机对模型进行了试验验证,研究了不同结构参数对轴承摩擦力矩的影响。结果表明:所建立的模型可较好的实现轴承摩擦力矩预测,轴承摩擦力矩与轴向载荷、倾覆力矩和轴承转速呈正相关;减小初始轴向游隙可显著降低轴承摩擦力矩;钢球数量存在一个最优值使轴承摩擦力矩最小;沟曲率半径存在合理区间使轴承综合性能最优;适当减小保持架质量可有效降低轴承摩擦力矩。研究结果为球柱联合转台轴承的优化设计提供了理论依据。