不同电离层模型对北斗共视的精度影响分析

GNSS共视时间传递已成为远程高精度时间同步的主要技术手段之一,我国自主研制的北斗导航系统已经服务于亚太地区,基于北斗共视进行高精度时间传递已成为我国时频领域的研究热点。为了提高导航系统定位精度,需降低或消除导航定位过程中的各类误差,其中电离层为影响北斗共视的主要误差。研究了常用的几种电离层修正算法,利用2014年7月份的观测数据分析不同电离层模型对北斗共视钟差的精度影响,给出了残差标准差和稳定度值。分析结果表明:经各种电离层修正后,钟差精度都有所提高,其中双频电离层修正最优,比VTEC格网模型和Klobuchar模型分别提高22%和30%。对于不同星座,GEO卫星计算的钟差修正后精度明显优于MEO、IGSO卫星。     

Investigation of the planar midlatitude ionospheric trend under different levels of solar activity

A better understanding of the ionosphere through accurate mathematical models is no doubt a crucial element. This study focuses on the challenging problem of building a model representing the complex structure of the midlatitude ionosphere. Previous studies have shown that a regional planar model is suitable in representing the total electron content (TEC) trend in the midlatitude ionosphere in both hemispheres. In this study, the planar trend model for 12 non-overlapping northern hemisphere regions in three groups of geographically near 4 regions is further investigated under different levels of solar activity; low, moderate and high. To that end, the coefficients of the model are estimated in the least squares sense using total electron content values from global ionospheric maps (GIMs) for the years 2009, 2012 and 2014. Subsequently, these coefficients are used to reconstruct estimated TEC maps which are then compared with actual GIM-TEC by investigating their difference in normalized $L_2$ norm squared sense. The regional planar trend model provides a particularly successful representation in the years 2012 and 2014 for which the solar activity level is the dominant factor determining the TEC trend. Under low solar activity conditions of 2009, other factors such as ocean currents, temperature variations and meteorological phenomena are suspected to have a considerable effect in some regions depending on their geographic location and on seasonal trends in those regions. As an example, studies show that under the influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Siberian High (SH), a significant cooling trend between 2004 and 2018 in autumn is observed in Eurasia, which, in conjunction with the low solar activity levels, may be related to the deviations from the actual GIM-TEC in 2009 in these regions. As solar radiation increases, however, such bottom-side forcings are masked in 2012 and 2014 and these deviations are no longer observed.