基于DSP和多模ADF的广播电台导航定位系统设计

为了满足现代战争需要,考虑机载导航定位系统的现状,结合实际情况,提出了采用现有广播电台对飞机进行定位的一种构想,设计一套基于DSP和多模ADF的辅助导航系统,并详细阐述了系统的导航定位算法。     

从欧美国家税制演变新趋势看我国税制改革道路的选择

随着全球经济一体化趋势的迅速发展，世界各国都面临着改革税收制度以适应新经济形势的问题，对于中国和其他发展中国家尤其如此。近年来，欧美国家一些税制演变的新趋势、新特点很值得我们研究和借鉴。当前中国需要建立起符合我国国情的税收制度，走出有中国特色的新路，减轻宏观税负，为保障经济又好又快地发展服务。     

基于稀疏表示的双基地MIMO雷达多目标定位及幅相误差估计

 基于稀疏表示理论,提出一种新的双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达收发角度及幅相误差估计算法。利用接收数据,分别构造发射和接收协方差矩阵,并以列向量化后的发射和接收协方差矩阵为量测信号建立2个一维稀疏线性模型,构造模型求解的 L₂-L₁ 混合范数优化目标函数,通过交替迭代寻优获得目标角度估计和幅相误差估计,最后给出了本文算法的收敛性分析。与现有算法相比,该算法充分利用了目标发射和接收空域的稀疏特性,且能够通过对噪声功率的预估计来抑制噪声。仿真结果表明:在低信噪比(SNR)条件下,本文算法仍能够得到较好的估计精度,且对幅相误差具有一定的稳健性。     

Novel passive localization algorithm based on double side matrix-restricted total least squares

In order to solve the bearings-only passive localization problem in the presence of erroneous observer position, a novel algorithm based on double side matrix-restricted total least squares (DSMRTLS) is proposed. First, the aforementioned passive localization problem is transferred to the DSMRTLS problem by deriving a multiplicative structure for both the observation matrix and the observation vector. Second, the corresponding optimization problem of the DSMRTLS problem without constraint is derived, which can be approximated as the generalized Rayleigh quotient minimization problem. Then, the localization solution which is globally optimal and asymptotically unbiased can be got by generalized eigenvalue decomposition. Simulation results verify the rationality of the approximation and the good performance of the proposed algorithm compared with several typical algorithms.     

Coordinated target localization base on pseudo measurement for clustered space robot

This paper presents a coordinated target localization method for clustered space robot.According to the different measuring capabilities of cluster members,the master-slave coordinated relative navigation strategy for target localization with respect to slavery space robots is proposed;then the basic mathematical models,including coordinated relative measurement model and cluster centralized dynamics,are established respectively.By employing the linear Kalman flter theorem,the centralized estimator based on truth measurements is developed and analyzed frstly,and with an intention to inhabit the initial uncertainties related to target localization,the globally stabilized estimator is designed through introduction of pseudo measurements.Furthermore,the observability and controllability of stochastic system are also analyzed to qualitatively evaluate the convergence performance of pseudo measurement estimator.Finally,on-orbit target approaching scenario is simulated by using semi-physical simulation system,which is used to verify the convergence performance of proposed estimator.During the simulation,both the known and unknown maneuvering acceleration cases are considered to demonstrate the robustness of coordinated localization strategy.     

传感器参数误差下的运动目标TDOA/FDOA无源定位算法

在运动目标无源定位系统中，许多算法的前提是精确已知传感器的位置以及速度，但实际情况下可利用的传感器的参数均会存在一些噪声扰动。针对这一问题，提出一种改进的两步加权最小二乘（TSWLS）时差（TDOA）与频差（FDOA）定位算法。该算法是一种闭式算法并且分为2步。第1步与经典的两步加权最小二乘算法相同，第2步进一步研究了额外变量与目标参数之间的关系并且建立了新的矩阵方程。随后，利用加权最小二乘技术给出了最终解。理论分析证明了在测量噪声较小时该算法能够达到克拉美罗界（CRLB）。所提算法具有计算复杂度低，实时性高的优点；另外，经过适当的维度调整，该算法同样适用于对多非相交源进行定位求解。计算机仿真进一步证明了理论分析的正确性。     

车队无线通信设备的国产化改造

针对某引进装备火力单元的无线通信设备故障率高、备件消耗量大且对外采购困难等问题,采用逆向工程方法,通过系统反设计,完成了无线通信设备的国产化改造。国产化无线通信设备使用维护简单、方便,可靠性高,能够满足引进装备的正常使用要求,提高了火力单元的应急机动作战能力。     

Moving target localization in distributed MIMO radar with transmitter and receiver location uncertainties

In this paper, the problem of moving target localization from Bistatic Range(BR) and Bistatic Range Rate(BRR) measurements in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO) radar system having widely separated antennas is investigated. We consider a practically motivated scenario,where the accurate knowledge of transmitter and receiver locations is not known and only the nominal values are available for processing. With the transmitter and receiver location uncertainties,which are usually neglected in MIMO radar systems by prior studies, taken into account in the measurement model, we develop a novel algebraic solution to reduce the estimation error for moving target localization. The proposed algorithm is based on the pseudolinear set of equations and two-step weighted least squares estimation. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound(CRLB) is derived in the presence of transmitter and receiver location uncertainties. Theoretical accuracy analysis demonstrates that the proposed solution attains the CRLB, and numerical examples show that the proposed solution achieves significant performance improvement over the existing algorithms.     

星面探测机器人自主移动技术

为进一步扩大探测范围,提高探测效率,并为后续星面基地建设提供服务,星面探测机器人需从远程地面遥控方式向自主移动方式发展,为此需要解决地图构建、鲁棒定位、探测导航等问题。为推动星面探测机器人自主移动能力的发展,借鉴目前快速发展的无人驾驶技术和地面自主移动技术,归纳总结了目前国内外星面探测移动技术的研究现状和存在的问题,以及地面自主移动研究在地图构建、鲁棒定位、探测导航等方面取得的进展。在结合星面探测应用的特殊性的基础上,提出了未来在长期定位和可变形重建领域开展更深入研究的建议。     

麦克风阵列安装偏差引起的旋转声源定位误差

对旋转声源定位中3种常见阵列安装偏差即角度偏差、x轴向偏移偏差、z轴向偏移偏差导致的定位误差进行了详细研究。结果表明:当角度偏差在-10°～10°范围内,声源定位位置误差随角度偏差呈近似线性变化,最大定位位置误差为0.089 m,定位强度误差呈随机变化,其中最小定位强度误差为0.97 dB,最大为4.69 dB;当x轴向偏移偏差在-0.1～0.1 m范围内,声源定位位置误差随x轴向偏移偏差呈近似线性变化,最大定位位置误差为0.098 m,定位强度误差呈随机变化,其中最小定位强度误差为0.91 dB,最大为4.94 dB;当z轴向偏移偏差在-0.1～0.1 m范围内,最大定位位置误差为0.01 m,正偏移偏差引起的定位强度误差总体小于负偏移偏差,其中最小定位强度误差为0.81 dB,最大为4.51 dB。研究结果可为麦克风阵列在实际应用中控制测量误差提供指导。