空间电磁对接的鲁棒非线性轨迹跟踪控制

基于电磁力实现空间对接控制可以避免常规小发动机所固有的推进剂消耗、羽流污染和对接冲击等问题,且性价比高,在小卫星领域应用前景广阔。空间电磁对接控制设计存在强非线性和强耦合性问题,电磁力建模具有不确定性。论文综合应用反馈线性化和鲁棒H∞控制设计方法,采用内外环控制策略,内环采用非线性状态反馈控制实现输入-输出线性化,外环采用鲁棒H∞控制实现对模型乘性不确定性的稳定控制。理论分析与仿真表明,基于内环反馈线性化和外环鲁棒H∞控制的综合设计方法能解决电磁力模型的强非线性问题,对模型不确定性具有较强鲁棒性,轨迹跟踪性能良好。     

火星进入段纵向脱敏局限性分析与三自由度脱敏设计

针对火星进入段制导存在的“进入状态偏差”问题进行脱敏轨迹设计研究,以增强制导鲁棒特性,提升末端状态精度。首先分析倾侧角反转逻辑对弱机动能力航天器制导精度的影响,结果表明, 存在倾侧角调整性能约束时,反转逻辑会引起末端状态偏差并使系统对进入状态偏差敏感度上升,当制导采用现有纵向脱敏方法时其影响尤为突出,会导致严重失效问题;然后在解决敏感度传播奇异问题的基础上提出三自由度脱敏设计。其主要思路是轨迹优化中采用三自由度动力学方程,而敏感度罚项仍由纵向敏感度传播方程得出。蒙特卡洛仿真结果表明本文方法对进入状态偏差具有显著增强的鲁棒性能。     

高超声速飞行器姿态角速度的全通道鲁棒镇定方法

根据高超声速飞行器的姿态动力学方程,给出一个可面向姿态角速度镇定的非线性设计模型.针对一类非线性系统,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的鲁棒动态逆设计方法,并将其应用于高超声速飞行器姿态角速度的渐近镇定中.仿真结果表明,相比传统的动态逆控制方案,本文所提出的控制方案可保证飞行器姿态角速度得到快速镇定,并且具备针对模型不确定和结构干扰力矩的强鲁棒性能.     

考虑执行器动态补偿的动中通系统非线性鲁棒控制

研究用于移动载体卫星通信的动中通系统的稳定跟踪问题。选取动中通系统的三轴非线性模型为被控对象,较单轴模型更能准确地描述子系统之间的运动学与动力学特性。在执行器动态特性的基础上,设计了一种具有执行器动态补偿的非线性鲁棒控制器。该控制器不仅能够使系统在载体移动过程中隔离载体扰动的影响,精确跟踪目标卫星,而且还进一步解决了执行器动态特性对系统的影响,更符合实际动中通控制系统设计的需要。最后通过三组对比仿真结果验证了所设计控制器在不同扰动条件下的稳定跟踪性能。     

基于迭代学习观测器的卫星姿态控制系统的鲁棒容错控制

针对卫星在轨运行时存在执行机构故障和空间干扰问题,提出了一种将迭代学习与未知输入观测器(IL-UIO)相结合的鲁棒容错控制方法.该方法在继承了未知输入观测器干扰解耦优点的同时,运用迭代学习技术,利用前一时刻姿态角速度偏差和IL-UIO输入来更新当前故障信息,实现了执行机构的在线故障重构.进一步基于Lyapunov方法从理论上证明了设计的IL-UIO鲁棒稳定性和姿态角速度偏差一致有界性.最后,建立卫星闭环姿态控制系统对方法进行验证,仿真结果验证了方法的有效性.     

X射线脉冲星导航技术研究进展

X射线脉冲星能够为近地轨道、深空和星际空间飞行航天器提供位置、速度、时间和姿态等丰富的导航信息,实现航天器高精度自主导航和运行管理,有着巨大的发展潜力.本文论述了X射线脉冲星导航技术研究历程;重点研究了X射线脉冲星导航的基本原理、信息处理流程和自主导航算法,进而提出了脉冲星导航的关键技术;分析了国内脉冲星观测研究的基础条件,以及开展X射线脉冲星导航技术研究的必要性和可行性.      

自适应对角线加载的波束形成算法

采样协方差矩阵求逆(SMI)的波束形成方法在少快拍数、高信噪比情况下波束形成性能下降。对角线加载技术能减弱了小特征值对应的噪声波束的影响,改善了方向图畸变,但是加载量的确定一直以来是一个比较困难的问题。文中提出了一种自适应对角线加载波束形成算法,根据阵列接收信号协方差矩阵的特征结构,自适应地加载对角线,进而提高波束形成的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明:该算法在高、中、低的信噪比下都具有较好的波束形成性能,且在少快拍数情况下仍具有较好的波束形成性能,是一种鲁棒的且性能优越的波束形成算法,而且该算法容易实现。     

A variational Bayesian-based robust adaptive filtering for precise point positioning using undifferenced and uncombined observations

In the application of precise point positioning (PPP), especially in the dynamic mode, the classical Kalman filter (KF) usually produces a large number of estimation errors or diverges when there are gross errors in the observation data or unexpected turbulences occur in target motion state or both of them. For such problem, a variational Bayesian (VB)-based robust adaptive Kalman filtering (VB-RAKF) is proposed in this paper. This filter introduces a classification robust equivalent weight function to resist observation gross error and the inverse Wishart prior to model inaccurate process noise covariance matrix (PNCM). To improve the instantaneous accuracy of state estimation, the VB approach is used to obtain better estimations of inaccurate PNCM. Several sets of observation data collected by IGS reference stations and vehicles are employed to check the robustness and positioning accuracy of the VB-RAKF model. The results show that the VB-RAKF algorithm is more robust than the KF, and can effectively resist the gross error in observation data and control state disturbance. In the IGS reference station tests, when compared to the KF, the static positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 13%, 8% and 22%, respectively, and the simulated dynamic positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 19%, 9% and 21%, respectively. The in-vehicle dynamic test verifies that the VB-RAKF outperforms the KF, and shows that the VB-RAKF has better performance than the KF when dealing with observation data which has obvious gross errors, and similar performance as the KF when gross errors are small.     

Energy based 3D trajectory tracking control of quadrotors with model-free based on-line disturbance compensation

In this work, a Revisited form of the so-called Model-Free Control (R-MFC) is derived. Herein, the MFC principle is employed to deal with the unknown part of a plant only (i.e., unmodeled dynamics, disturbances, etc.) and occurs beside an Interconnection and Damping Assignment-Passivity Based Control (IDA-PBC) strategy. Using the proposed formulation, it is shown that we can significantly improve the performance of the control through the reshaping properties of the IDA-PBC technique. Moreover, the control robustness level is increased via a compensation of the time-varying disturbances and the unmodeled system dynamics. This on-line compensation capability is provided by the MFC principle. The problem is studied in the case of Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) mechanical systems with an explicit application to a small Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) where a stability analysis is also provided. Numerical simulations have shown satisfactory results, in comparison with some other control strategies, where an in-depth discussion with respect to the control performance is highlighted by considering several scenarios and using several metrics.     

柔性关节空间机械臂的自适应滑模控制

探究一类时滞柔性关节空间机械臂鲁棒自适应滑模控制问题。针对该种空间机械臂具有强非线性特点，同时考虑系统的未建模动态与扰动以及时滞影响，提出一种新的鲁棒自适应滑模控制器。基于Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函和线性矩阵不等式等凸优化方法，给出滑动模态的鲁棒渐近稳定条件，并证明系统状态在有限时间内到达滑模面。最后，三组仿真校验表明了所设计的控制器可行。