中国航天器回收着陆技术50年成就与展望

文章回顾了中国航天器回收着陆技术50年来的成就,展示了现有的技术水平和能力,简要地介绍了它的发展过程,最后根据中国航天事业发展形势,对其前景进行了展望.     

Ejection Separation Characteristic Analysis of Parachute Container Cover from Return Capsule for Lunar Exploration

The parachute container cover ejection separation is the first and foremost motion for the return capsule recovery system, which is related to the success of a recovery system. Adopting the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation and flight dynamics coupling method, the parachute container cover ejection separation is simu lated. The rationality of the ejection separation speed and dynamic characteristics of the separation process is ana- lyzed. Meanwhile, the influences of angle of attack, Mach number and ejection separation speed on the parachute container cover ejection are also investigated. Results show that the ejection separation speed design is reasonable. It has a certain design margin for parachute container cover to escape from the wake region, and to pull out the drag parachute completely. The results may provide a theoretical basis for recovery system engineering design of the lunar exploration project.     

芳Ⅲ编织绳动态拉伸性能研究

芳Ⅲ编织绳是常见的降落伞伞绳材料，在开伞过程中承受较大的冲击载荷，为研究其动态拉伸性能，文章以3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳为例，进行了动态拉伸试验及仿真模拟。首先使用万能强力机对3.5-750芳Ⅲ编织绳开展了4个不同应变率工况下的动态拉伸破坏试验，获得拉力-等效应变曲线，研究发现随拉伸应变率的增加，编织绳的断裂强力和弹性模量均增大，而断裂应变和韧性均减小。随后利用ABAQUS软件，建立了芳Ⅲ编织绳的纱线级有限元模型，依据试验结果对Johnson-Cook动态本构模型进行拟合及参数修正，并应用于编织绳动态拉伸破坏仿真，得到不同应变率下的仿真结果。与试验对比，研究表明，拟合、修正得到的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型可有效地模拟柔性编织绳动态拉伸行为，为柔性编织绳的动态力学性能研究提供了仿真手段。