战斗机嵌入式训练系统中的智能虚拟陪练

智能化"实虚"对抗是现代先进战斗机嵌入式训练系统的重要功能需求。自主空战决策控制技术在未来空战装备发展中扮演关键角色。将当前的功能需求和发展中的技术结合起来,得到了空战智能虚拟陪练的概念。先进控制决策技术的引入使得智能虚拟陪练能够帮助飞行员完成复杂的战术训练,而训练中真实的对抗场景为技术的验证提供了理想的环境,大量的训练数据为技术的持续迭代优化提供了保障。作为可学习和进化的空战战术专家,智能陪练在人机对抗和自我对抗中不断优化,当其具备与人相当甚至超越人的战术能力时,可应用于未来的无人空战系统。智能虚拟陪练需要具备4项基本能力：智能决策能力、知识学习能力、对抗自优化能力和参数化表示能力。对其包含的关键技术进行了分析,提出并实现了一个基于模糊推理、神经网络和强化学习的解决方案,展示了其各项基本能力及目前达到的空战水平。未来更多的模型和算法可在智能虚拟陪练的框架中进行验证和优化。     

Water takeoff performance calculation method for amphibious aircraft based on digital virtual flight

Owing to the strong coupling among the hydrodynamic forces, aerodynamic forces and motion of amphibious aircraft during the water takeoff process, the water takeoff performance is difficult to calculate accurately and quickly. Based on an analysis of the dynamics and kinematics characteristics of amphibious aircraft and the hydrodynamic theory of high-speed planing hulls, a suitable mathematical model is established for calculating the hydrodynamics of aircraft during water takeoff. A pilot model is designed to illustrate how pilots are affected by the lack of visual reference and the necessity to simultaneously control the pitch angle, flight velocity and other parameters during water takeoff. Combined with the aerodynamic model, engine thrust model and aircraft motion model, a digital virtual flight simulation model is developed for amphibious aircraft during water takeoff, and a calculation method for the water takeoff performance of amphibious aircraft is proposed based on digital virtual flight. Typical performance indicators, such as the liftoff time and liftoff distance, can be obtained via digital virtual flight calculations. A comparison of the measured flight test data and the calculation results shows that the calculation error is less than 10%, which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method. This method can be used for the preliminary evaluation of airworthiness compliance of amphibious aircraft design schemes, and the relevant calculation results can also provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of flight test plans for airworthiness certification.     

基于小样本物理测试的T800H碳纤维复合材料许用值虚拟大样本技术研究

获得材料许用值的传统方法是对各种形式的材料和试样进行物理试验,并根据"积木式"方法逐级验证单元、子部件和部件。然而,按照"积木式"方法进行测试的成本很高。因此,需要一种新的方法,在较短的时间内完成新材料体系表征鉴定,并推进其在工程中的应用。根据FAA/ASTM建议,非均质单胞多尺度建模/虚拟测试技术,可以成为设计应用过程早期的材料和结构的验证策略。以材料的细观力学/宏观力学为基础,充分考虑制造过程,测试数据和服役环境影响,结合渐进失效分析来预测结构/部件安全性,建立了多尺度虚拟测试工程应用流程。本文采用美国AlphaSTAR公司研发的成熟商业软件平台GENOA,使用单向带测试的统计数据来逆推纤维和基体材料性能以及制造变量的不确定性。这些不确定性随后被用于生成层合板结构的随机虚拟测试试样,计算许用值。这种仿真方法在T800H项目中获得成功应用,大量减少了物理试验。     

大型 CFD 软件自动化测试平台的初步设计与实现

针对大型通用 CFD 软件研制的需求，为了提升 CFD 软件的开发效率，初步设计与开发了一个 CFD 软件自动化测试平台。该平台基于 MySQL 数据库，通过前台界面和远程集群后台管理程序的网络信息交互，实现了自主研发的通用 CFD 软件平台(HyperFLOW)的自动测试及验证与确认。根据需要适当修改前置处理接口，该平台亦可推广应用于其他 CFD 软件的自动测试。本文重点介绍了平台的基本框架和总体设计思路、平台的数据库和前台管理 GUI 设计、网络交互和后台管理等，并利用典型算例对计算结果的验证与确认过程进行了简要介绍，最后对平台构建的后续工作进行了展望。     

数字化组合式大力值校准系统的研制

为了满足对大力值(20 MN左右)的测量和校准,开发了一套数字化组合式大力值校准装置。其最大量程可达24 MN,系统测量准确度为0.1%,适合于大型材料试验机的校准和检定。本文详细介绍了装置的组成结构、弹性体设计、贴片和组桥方式、数字化的方法以及与计算机的通信实现。     

电子对抗有效载荷地面测试与评估技术

描述电子对抗有效载荷地面测试系统的设计内容,介绍了测试系统的主要组成、功能及测试工作原理,常有的测试项目、测试方法,载荷的数据整理、评估与分析等,为以后电子对抗载荷地面系统搭建提供参考借鉴作用。     

示波器输入电容对上限截止频率测量的影响

单管放大电路是模拟电路中的一个经典实验。通过这个实验,学生可以更好地掌握静态工作点的调整和测试方法,并通过测量放大电路的主要性能指标,体会静态工作点对动态特性的影响。实验电路的上限截止频率仿真值和实测值存在较大差异,本文针对这个问题进行了详细的分析,指出示波器的输入电容是引起差异的主要原因,并进一步讨论了可有的改进测试方法。     

Interface Familiarity Restores Active Advantage in a Virtual Exploration and Reconstruction Task in Children

Abstract

Active exploration is reportedly better than passive observation of spatial displacements in real environments, for the acquisition of relational spatial information, especially by children. However, a previous study using a virtual environment (VE) showed that children in a passive observation condition performed better than actives when asked to reconstruct in reality the environment explored virtually. Active children were unpractised in using the input device, which may have detracted from any active advantage, since input device operation may be regarded as a concurrent task, increasing cognitive load and spatial working memory demands. To examine this possibility, 7–8-year-old children in the present study were given 5 minutes of training with the joystick input device. When compared with passive participants for spatial learning, active participants gave a better performance than passives, placing objects significantly more accurately. The importance of interface training when using VEs for assessment and training was discussed.     

ATM局域网仿真技术

简要介绍了 Ａ Ｔ Ｍ 局域网仿真的主要原理，以 Ｉ Ｂ Ｍ ８２６０ Ａ Ｔ Ｍ 交换机为例，具体分析了 Ａ Ｔ Ｍ 局域网仿真的实现细节。     

Integrity of sulfur concrete subjected to simulated lunar temperature cycles

In view of potential application as a construction material on the lunar surface the mechanical integrity of sulfur concrete was evaluated after being subjected to simulated temperature cycles. Here, small cubes of sulfur concrete were repeatedly cycled between room (20 °C) and liquid nitrogen (−191 °C) temperatures after which they, and non-cycled cubes, were evaluated by compression testing. The compression strength of the non-cycled samples averaged ∼35 MPa (5076 psi) before failing whereas the cycled samples fractured at about 7 MPa (1015 psi). Microscopic examination of the fracture surfaces from the cycled samples showed clear de-bonding of the sulfur from the aggregate whereas it was seen adhering in those non-cycled. Based on a simple analysis it was concluded that the large strength discrepancy between cycled and non-cycled samples is due to differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials constituting the concrete.