基于改进粒子群优化模糊控制的MPPT算法研究

在光照强度和温度变化时,常规的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法难以快速准确地跟踪光伏系统最大功率点。针对此问题,设计了一种改进粒子群优化算法(PSO)的模糊控制器。首先,依据常规MPPT特性,设计了一种带调整因子的模糊控制算法以快速收敛到最大功率点；然后,采用参数自适应PSO对设计的模糊控制器调整因子进行动态优化。仿真结果表明:所设计的参数自适应PSO优化模糊控制器能快速准确地跟踪最大功率点,保证了MPPT的动态响应速度和稳态精度,提高了光伏系统的工作效率。     

Real-time clock comparison and monitoring with multi-GNSS precise point positioning: GPS,GLONASS and Galileo

The precise point positioning (PPP) technique is widely used in time and frequency applications. Because of the real-time service (RTS) project of the International GNSS Service, we can use the PPP technique for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. As a participant in the RTS, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) implements the PPPWIZARD (Precise Point Positioning with Integer and Zero-difference Ambiguity Resolution Demonstrator) project to validate carrier phase ambiguity resolution. Unlike the Integer-PPP (IPPP) of the CNES, fixing ambiguities in the post-processing mode, the PPPWIZARD operates in the real-time mode, which is also called real-time IPPP (RT-IPPP). This paper focuses on applying the RT-IPPP for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. We review the principle of real-time clock comparison and monitoring, and introduce the methodology of the RT-IPPP technique. The observations of GPS, GLONASS and Galileo were processed for the experiments. Five processing modes were provided in the experiment to analyze the benefits of ambiguity resolution and multi-GNSS. In the clock comparison experiment, the average reduction ratios of standard deviations with respect to the G PPP mode range from 9.7% to 35.0%. In the clock monitoring experiment, G PPP mode can detect clock jumps whose magnitudes are larger than 0.9 ns. The RT-IPPP technique with GRE PPP AR (G) mode allows for the detection of any clock jumps larger than 0.6 ns. For frequency monitoring, G PPP mode allows detection of frequency changes larger than 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁴. When the RT-IPPP technique is applied, monitoring with GRE PPP AR (G) mode can detect frequency changes larger than 6.1 × 10⁻¹⁵.     

Spacecraft formation flying control around L2 sun-earth libration point using on–off SDRE approach

In this paper, on–off SDRE control approach is presented for spacecraft formation flying control around sun-earth L2 libration point. Orbits around libration points are significant targets for many space missions mainly because of efficient fuel consumption. Furthermore, less propellant usage can be achieved by considering optimal control approaches in spacecraft formation flying control design. Among various nonlinear and optimal control methods, SDRE has shown to be a popular controller in various missions due to the privileges including efficiency, accuracy and robustness. The spacecraft are assumed to have on–off thrusters as actuators. It requires them to be fed with a sequence of on–off pulses which is regarded as a challenge for spacecraft designers. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is designing an on–off SDRE approach for the formation flight around sun-earth L2 point with uncertainty with energy and accuracy considerations. Including on–off input as a constraint is not feasible for SDRE implementation because it makes the system non-affine. An alternative is utilizing an integral action technique and an auxiliary control to make the system affine which leads to on–off SDRE approach. It has also been shown that the proposed method is robust against parametric uncertainties of the states. Present study aims to design an energy-beneficial, simple and attractive controller for a complex nonlinear system with on–off inputs and uncertainty in CRTBP. Simulation results show that the on–off SDRE control could provide the formation flight around L2 point with high accuracy using less energy consumption.     

过虚拟交班点的能量最优制导律

针对固定目标的导弹过虚拟交班点制导问题，在希尔伯特空间下，基于最优化理论设计了有无终端落角约束两种情况下的全局能量最优制导律。通过对模型进行线性化，将提出的最优制导模型转化为线性二次型最优控制问题，在此基础上利用零控脱靶量（ZEM）概念对系统模型进行降阶，并推导出解析解。设计的制导律可以使导弹准确经过虚拟交班点，并实现期望终端落角。仿真结果表明，与经典制导律对比，该制导律可以显著减少全局控制能量消耗。     

基于激光反射层析法的换能器声场测量技术及仿真研究

换能器的辐射声场分布能够直接反映出换能器声学性能的好坏，若不能精确测量出换能器的辐射声场，则会对换能器的诊断和评估造成严重影响。从理论仿真的角度出发，推导了运用激光反射层析法重建换能器辐射声场的理论公式，着重利用推导出的理论公式对激光反射层析法进行了仿真计算。结果表明激光反射层析法能够精确地重建出换能器的辐射声场分布及声场中的声压量值，这为换能器的声场重建及声压测量提供了一种可行的方法。     

星载相控阵GNSS-R测高系统设计与实验

星载GNSS-R测高系统采用多波束相控阵天线和干涉互相关处理方式,接收北斗导航卫星和GPS导航卫星发射的L波段导航直射信号与海面反射信号,进行海面高度探测。详细介绍GNSS-R测高系统设计与实现、集成和外场试验等,外场试验不仅验证了相控阵GNSS-R测高系统功能,更重要的是验证了核心软件算法的正确性。GNSS-R测高系统适用于中尺度海洋现象的观测,可在时间和空间尺度上扩展雷达高度计的观测能力,并与之相互补充,有利于对复杂海面的中尺度结构进行较高时间分辨率的观测。GNSS-R测高仪为星载高精度海面高度探测提供了新型载荷。     

RCS分析中多次反射的计算及程序实现技术

介绍目标RCS分析计算中多次散射的计算方法,计算多次散射时主要考虑面元-面元之间的相互作用,计算过程采用几何光学法(GO)、物理光学法(PO),在总后向RCS计算中还运用了等效电磁流法.同时,文中讨论计算多次散射的程序实现技术.最后,给出计算例子,考虑多次散射时总的后向RCS计算结果与前人发表的实验结果相吻合.      

图像序列中机动目标三维运动和结构的计算

综合视觉运动分析中的2类处理方法,选取图像中的角点作为特征点,在理论上证明了图像序列的光流场可以近似地用角点的位移场代替。利用已有文献中的建模思想,详细推导出递归计算机动目标三维运动和结构的非线性计算模型,采用广义卡尔曼滤波(EKF)递归地计算图像序列中机动目标的三维运动和结构。合成图像序列和真实图像序列实验结果表明该算法能取得较好的效果。     

GPS精密点定位的数据处理

在GPS精密点定位数据处理中,通常采用所谓无差分模型.然而,GPS单站观测量也可通过不同差分组合以减少未知参数数目,且在理论上与无差分模型等价.文中利用实际GPS观测数据,比较了不同点定位差分模型的定位精度和其他指标.     

某类跨大气层飞行器全航程红外辐射特性分析

针对某类跨大气层飞行器飞行过程中需要进出大气层,且飞行速度跨度大等特点,建立了不同空域、不同飞行速度下的机体头部受热模型。当在大气层内飞行时分别使用经验公式和Lees公式计算马赫数小于5和大于5时头部受热情况,当在大气层外飞行时建立了考虑太阳直射、地球反照和地球红外加热情况下的受热模型。利用普朗克定律得到了相同温度下不同波段的红外辐射能量占比情况。最后利用本文方法对某类跨大气层飞行器进行了温度和红外辐射计算,得到的计算结果能够大致反映全航程头部温度和红外辐射变化情况。