Comparison of convergence time and positioning accuracy among BDS,GPS and BDS/GPS precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution

Precise point positioning (PPP) usually takes about 30?min to obtain centimetre-level accuracy, which greatly limits its application. To address the drawbacks of convergence speed and positioning accuracy, we develop a PPP model with integrated GPS and BDS observations. Based on the method, stations with global coverage are selected to estimate the fractional cycle bias (FCB) of GPS and BDS. The short-term and long-term time series of wide-lane (WL) FCB, and the single day change of narrow-lane (NL) FCB are analysed. It is found that the range of GPS and BDS non-GEO (IGSO and MEO) WL FCB is stable at up to a 30-day-time frame. At times frame of up to 60?days, the stability is reduced a lot. Whether for short-term or long-term, the changes in the BDS GEO WL FCB are large. Moreover, BDS FCB sometimes undergoes a sudden jump. Besides, 17 and 10 stations were used respectively to investigate the convergence speed and positioning errors with six strategies: BDS ambiguity-float PPP (Bfloat), GPS ambiguity-float PPP (Gfloat), BDS/GPS ambiguity-float PPP (BGfloat), BDS ambiguity-fixed PPP (Bfix), GPS ambiguity-fixed (Gfix), and BDS/GPS ambiguity-fixed (BGfix). The average convergence speed of the ambiguity-fixed solution is greatly improved compared with the ambiguity-float solution. In terms of the average convergence time, the Bfloat is the longest and the BGfix is the shortest among these six strategies. Whether for ambiguity-float PPP or ambiguity-fixed PPP, the convergence reduction time in three directions for the combined system is the largest compared with the single BDS. The average RMS value of the Bfix in three directions (easting (E), northing (N), and up (U)) are 2.0?cm, 1.5?cm, and 5.9?cm respectively, while those of the Gfix are 0.8?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.7?cm. Compared with single system, the BDS/GPS combined ambiguity-fixed system (BGfix) has the fastest convergence speed and the highest accuracy, with average RMS as 0.7?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.9?cm for the E, N, U components, respectively.     

空间伸展臂热应变与热变形光纤监测技术

针对空间伸展臂在热载荷作用下承载特性与形态变化的监测需求,提出了一种基于分布式光纤传感器的伸展臂结构温度、热应变以及热变形集成监测技术。借助ANSYS Workbench有限元分析软件,构建了单端热载荷作用下铝合金空间伸展臂结构热-力模型,分别得到不同局部热载荷下伸展臂轴向温度、热应变以及热变形分布与变化规律。在此基础上,提出了基于有限元分析与热传导理论的两类伸展臂轴向热变形计算方法。构建了分布式光纤传感监测系统,实时监测伸展臂若干关键位置的温度值与应变值,进而反演出结构轴向温度场、应变场连续变化信息。研究表明:采用有限元拟合法与热传导解析法计算所得伸展臂轴向热变形误差分别为5.256%与3.556%。相关成果能够为未来航天器在轨服役状态监测与辨识提供技术支撑。     

Approximate qualitative spatial reasoning

Qualitative relations between spatial regions play an importantrole in the representation and manipulation of spatial knowledge.The RCC5 and RCC8 systems of relations,used in the Region-Connection Calculus, are of fundamentalimportance. These two systems deal with ideal regions havingprecisely determined location. However,in many practical examples of spatial reasoning,regions are represented by finite approximations rather than known precisely.Approximations may be given by describing how a regionrelates to cells forming a partition of the space underconsideration. Although the RCC5 and RCC8 systems have beengeneralized to ``egg-yolk' regions, in order to modelcertain types of vagueness, their extension to regionsapproximated in this way has not been discussed before.This paper presents two methods, the syntactic and the semantic, by which the RCC5 and RCC8 systemsmay be defined for approximate regions. The syntactic uses algebraicoperations on approximate regions which generalize operations on preciseregions. The semantic method makes use of the set of preciseregions which could be the intended interpretation of anapproximate region. Relationships between these two methods arediscussed in detail.alternative to navigation training with a map.     

GPS／SINS姿态组合系统空间一致性研究

在基于卡尔曼滤波器并引入了姿态观测量的GPS/SINS组合导航系统中,GPS天线体坐标系与IMU所在的载体坐标系由于安装误差或其他原因不能完全重合,两个坐标系间存在失准角,导致多天线GPS与SINS输出的姿态信息在空间不能同步,这将影响卡尔曼滤波的效果。本文针对这一问题进行了深入的研究,分析了两个坐标系空间不一致的机理,给出了静态和动基座情况下标定两个坐标系位置关系的方法并进行仿真分析验证了其可行性。     

空间正弦试验方法--一种新的模态试验方法

本文介绍一种新的模态试验方法———空间正弦试验法,对试验方法进行理论推导,给出模态参数识别的具体方法,讨论方法的成立条件和特点,对模态试验程序提出建议,指出一条模态试验的新途径。     

圆截面空间曲杆的屈曲

采用自然坐标系对空间曲杆进行有限元建模,给出了自然坐标系下的三维细长空间曲杆的格林应变计算公式和能量方程,建立了2节点12个自由度的三维曲梁单元并用其分析了同时受轴向力和轴向扭矩作用的具有初始曲率和挠率的三维空间曲杆的屈曲问题。算例证明了公式和方程的正确性和合理性。数值结果与现有的理论解相吻合,收敛性却比商用有限元软件的结果好。数值结果还表明,扭矩对屈曲的影响不可不计。     

用于微小卫星的陀螺随机常值偏置误差的在轨标定

结合陀螺在微小卫星上的使用,提出了一种不依赖于其余敏感器信息的陀螺随机常值偏置实时在轨标定技术.该技术利用陀螺在轨实时测量信息,结合卫星姿态动力学本身的约束,实现了陀螺加电后初始随机零偏的在轨实时确定.分析了标定模型的可观性,得出了该技术的适用条件.仿真结果表明,该标定算法具有较高精度,对陀螺采样频率具有一定的鲁棒性,并具有较快的收敛速度,在给定的姿态动力学模型的精度条件下,100 s内基本稳定,收敛精度在1.0 (°)/h左右,标定性能可满足空间任务的需求.     

空间正弦试验方法计算机仿真

本文对一种新的模态试验方法-空间正弦试验方法进行计算机仿真，分别对激励点和响应点相同和不等的情况进行仿真计算，得到与理论值相吻合的模态参数，给出该方法的程序和适用条件。     

TWO NEW RECOGNITION METHODS FOR SPATIAL PLANAR POLYGONS

ＴＷＯＮＥＷＲＥＣＯＧＮＩＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＦＯＲＳＰＡＴＩＡＬＰＬＡＮＡＲＰＯＬＹＧＯＮＳＣｈｅｎｇＹｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅｔ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１００１６．Ｐ．Ｒ．Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ａｂｓ...     

前缘修形三角翼翼面背风区涡系研究

本文对一组前缘修形三角翼翼面背风区流场进行了实验研究,给出了几种修形三角翼上翼面处空间涡系涡迹及表面流谱,研究了各涡之间的相互干扰。结果表明:使用前缘修形可以在一定程度上避免基本三角翼大迎角时产生的翼面主涡破碎;修形三角翼翼面背风区存在两条较为稳定的涡,两涡间有利干扰将改善翼面处流场。