Effects of dry/wet ratio and pre-immersion on stress corrosion cracking of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy under wet-dry cyclic conditions

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior and mechanism of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy under wet-dry cyclic conditions were investigated. Slow strain rate tests (SSRTs) and electrochemical tests were used to study the effects of dry/wet ratio (DWR) and pre-immersion on SCC. Fracture and side surface characterizations were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that SCC susceptibility decreases with an increase of the DWR. With an increase of the pre-immersion time, both continuous pre-immersion (CP) and wet-dry cyclic pre-immersion (WDP) samples are more sensitive to SCC, and the cracking mode in the SCC fracture region is intergranular. Furthermore, the effect of WDP on SCC is greater than that of CP when the total time immersed in solution before an SSRT is the same with each other. In fact, each single wet-dry cycle can be divided into three processes with respect to the change of solution on samples’ surface. Volatilization of water on the surface results in an increase in solute concentration, thus accelerating corrosion.     

SCC investigation of low alloy ultra-high strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2A in 3.5wt%NaCl solution by slow strain rate technique

To evaluate stress corrosion cracking(SCC) mechanism of low alloy ultra-high strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2 A in environment containing NaCl, SCC behavior of the steel in 3.5wt% NaCl solution is investigated by slow strain rate technique(SSRT) with various strain rates and applied potentials, surface analysis technique, and electrochemical measurements. SCC susceptibility of the steel increases rapidly with strain rate decreasing from 1 · 10 5s 1to 5 · 10 7s 1, and becomes stable when strain rate is lower than 5 · 10 7s 1. SCC propagation of the steel in the solution at open circuit potential(OCP) needs sufficient hydrogen which is supplied at a certain strain rate.Fracture surface at OCP has similar characteristics with that at cathodic polarization 1000 mVSCE, which presents characteristic fractography of hydrogen induced cracking(HIC).All of these indicate that SCC behavior of the steel in the solution at OCP is mainly controlled by HIC rather than anodic dissolution(AD).     

基于碳氢燃料裂解工作的ATR发动机性能分析

提出了一种基于碳氢燃料裂解气体驱动涡轮工作的ATR发动机方案,并对特定裂解气成分的碳氢ATR发动机性能进行计算,获得了裂解气中烷/烯比对发动机性能的影响规律。结果表明,在同一飞行条件下,随着发动机转速上升,推力逐渐上升,比冲基本呈减小趋势;在同一转速下,碳氢燃料裂解气中烷/烯比越大,发动机比冲越高。在烷/烯比4、转速百分比70%条件下,发动机比冲最高达到约7 644 m/s;随着烷/烯比逐渐升高,裂解气比热容逐渐升高。     

矩形冷却槽道内煤油热裂解过程数值研究

高马赫数下超燃冲压发动机煤油再生冷却过程中易发生热裂解反应导致结焦,因此有必要在冷却通道中开展热裂解过程研究。基于热裂解反应产物试验结果建立了一步热裂解总包反应,对煤油在冷却槽道中超临界流动换热以及热裂解过程展开了三维数值模拟研究,将固壁的传热和槽道内流动反应进行耦合计算,与三种不同热流密度的实验工况对比。结果表明,在热裂解反应发生以前,两相流模型的温度分布和实验数据吻合得很好,但随着燃油温度升高到450℃,燃料开始发生复杂的化学反应,两者开始出现偏离,温度越高,偏离越大。在引入热裂解反应模型之后,高温区域的温度显著降低,和实验结果吻合。热流密度越大,裂解反应率加剧,煤油反应转化率增大。煤油在弯折冷却通道中温度分布不对称。     

低合金超高强度钢的晶界性质对应力腐蚀断裂行为的影响

在３０Ｃｒ３ＳｉＮｉＭｏＶ、３７ＳｉＭｎＣｒＭｏＶ和４２ＣｒＭｏ三种钢上用俄歇能谱等方法研究了原奥氏体晶界的性质对应力腐蚀断裂行为的影响。结果表明在淬火或低温回火马氏体组织中的原奥氏体晶界上，存在着一个用电镜也难以观察到的碳化物薄层，它是导致钢容易发生应力腐蚀沿晶脆断的主要原因。高温回火后，晶界碳化物聚集粗化以及晶内碳化物的大量析出，导致沿晶断裂倾向性减小和断裂抗力ＫＩＳＣＣ值升高     

渠道冻土模型研究现状及发展趋势

混凝土衬砌渠道的冻胀破坏,对农业灌溉、城乡供水、工程建设等工农业生产及人民生活有着重大影响。通过分析国内外有关于渠基土冻胀模型的研究现状,并结合实际情况,对衬砌渠道渠基土冻胀模型研究发展趋势提出相关预测。     

复合型裂纹的能量释放率计算与断裂判据

利用当量直线裂纹扩展法研究复合型裂纹的能量释放率及相应的断裂判据。并以解析法和有限元法研究单向拉伸板的斜裂纹问题。所得相关曲线及开裂角和实验结果吻合得较好。     

铍的YAG激光焊接裂纹敏感性研究

分析了激光焊接时为克服焊接裂纹所采取的焊前预热、短焦距焊接及焊接工艺参数等因素对裂纹敏感性的影响。结果表明：选择合适的焊接参数可减少裂纹的产生，但其作用有限，还不能从根本上消除裂纹。焊前预热及焊后缓冷对抑制裂纹作用显著，且随着预热温度提高裂纹率呈下降趋势。此外焊接中减少铍的熔化量对减少裂纹亦发挥了重要作用。     

LY12CZ铝合金随焊锤击碾压工艺规范研究

针对生产现场大尺寸LY12CZ铝合金薄板(2500mm×6000mm×2mm)的拼焊成形,采用动态随焊锤击碾压焊接新技术,有效防止了LY12CZ铝合金焊接热裂纹的产生,并基本消除了薄板焊接变形。通过调整随焊锤击工艺参数和焊接线能量,使锤击碾压行为与焊接熔池的凝固过程相匹配,从而实现了LY12CZ铝合金焊接无裂纹、小变形的目的。     

燃烧固体药柱内腔表面的典型裂纹及其力学行为

根据燃烧环境中高装填固体推进剂药柱内应力的分布特征,提出了药柱内腔表面的两种典型裂纹, 即横向表面裂纹和纵向表面裂纹, 并分别采用方坯药柱和圆盘药柱表面预制的裂纹进行了模拟。比较燃气作用下两种药柱的有限元分析结果, 明确了挤裂模式对于燃烧环境中固体药柱表面裂纹问题的适用性。这些结论与实验观测现象非常吻合, 对实际发动机工作环境中固体药柱表面裂纹的力学行为预示和故障分析有着重要的指导意义。