A 2-D comparison of ionospheric convection derived from SuperDARN and DMSP measurements

Ion drift vectors measured by the DMSP satellites are compared with plasma convection vectors obtained by the SuperDARN HF radars through the standard Map Potential algorithm of Ruohoniemi and Baker [Ruohoniemi, M., Baker, K.B. Large-scale imaging of high-latitude convection with super dual auroral radar network HF radar observations. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 20797–20811, 1998]. Despite significant data spread, the agreement can be qualified as reasonable for a data set comprising of 149 satellite passes over the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. The slope of the best-fit line relating SuperDARN and DMSP velocity magnitudes is of the order of 0.3 with a tendency for the SuperDARN velocities to be smaller. The agreement between the azimuths of the ion drift and convection is better with the slope of the best-fit line being close to 1. It is shown that consistency between the radar and satellite measurements is much better if the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are compared with the DMSP cross-track ion drifts for events showing slow spatial and temporal variations of the convection. If areas of strong convection changes are included into comparison, the degree of agreement deteriorates drastically. This result implies that differences in the spatial and temporal resolutions of DMSP and SuperDARN measurements are crucial factors contributing to the observed discrepancies. In addition, some differences are introduced when the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are filtered and reprocessed into vectors with the application of a background convection model.     

EXTENDED SELF SIMILARITY OF PASSIVE SCALAR IN RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION FLOW BASED ON WAVELET TRANSFORM

Wavelet transform is used to analyze the scaling rule convection flow from two aspects. By utilizing the method of extended self similarity (ESS), one can find the obtained scaling exponent agrees well with the one obtained from the temperature data in a experiment of wind tunnel. And then we propose a newly defined formula based on wavelet transform, and can determine the scaling exponent ξ(q) of temperature data. The obtained results demonstrate that we can correctly extract ξ(q) by using the method which is named as wavelet transform maximum modulus (WTMM).``     

磁尾等离子体片对流对亚暴的影响

采用2(1/2)维全粒子电磁模拟方法研究了等离子体片中稳态对流及局地爆发高速流对磁层亚暴触发过程的影响.研究发现,地向瞬时局地高速流可触发磁场重联,导致储存于磁尾磁场能量的快速释放.但是,等离子体片稳态对流可抑制磁尾磁场重联过程.此项研究结果表明,局地爆发高速流能够触发磁层亚暴;而行星际磁场(IMF)持续南向时的稳态磁层对流期间,不易发生亚暴.      

Thick exchange layer evaporation model with natural convection effect and evaporation experimental study for multicomponent droplet

In order to investigate the high-temperature evaporation characteristics of multicomponent liquid fuel, three kinds of blended fuel: n-heptane/n-decane/RP-3 aviation kerosene-ethanol were experimentally studied with and without forced convection. Further, based on zero-diffusion and infinite diffusion concept, this study expanded Thick Exchange Layer evaporation model with Natural Convection effect (NC-TEL) to multicomponent liquid fuels. The experimental results show that the droplet evaporation rate increases significantly with the increase of ambient temperature. Higher temperature leads to more significant relationships between the composition ratio and the evaporation rate. The effect of forced convection is not obviously under the circumstance in this paper. Then, the evaporation models were validated by experimental data. In general, the new NC-TEL model behaves better than the Ranz-Marshall (R-M) model, and the prediction accuracy at high temperature is improved by 8% to 35%. In lower temperature conditions, the prediction of zero-diffusion NC-TEL model is better than the infinite diffusion NC-TEL model. In high-temperature conditions, for n-heptane-ethanol droplet, the predictions of NC-TEL model are accurate, but for n-decane/RP-3 aviation kerosene-ethanol, the predictions are lower than experimental results. This may be caused by the micro-explosion phenomenon and the Marangoni phenomenon.     

强迫对流下硼颗粒燃烧特性影响因素研究

针对冲压发动机燃烧室内强迫对流下的硼颗粒燃烧特性展开了系统研究,考虑气相流动、扩散和表面单步有限化学反应动力作用,建立了强迫对流下硼颗粒燃烧过程的物理和数学模型;采用有限体积法求解含多组分反应流的二维轴对称Navier-Stokes方程,并验证了数值仿真方法的正确性。首先通过数值仿真研究了来流速度、颗粒半径、环境中氧气质量分数和环境压力等因素对硼颗粒燃烧特性的影响,并对其成因展开了详细分析。研究表明,在强迫对流作用下,硼颗粒总的燃烧质量流率和质量流率通量均随来流速度、颗粒半径、环境中氧气质量分数和环境压力的增加而增大。通过深入分析发现,强迫对流下硼颗粒的燃烧质量流率通量随着来流雷诺数的增加而增大。然后基于大量数值仿真结果,对相对静止气氛下的硼颗粒质量流率通量进行了修正,用于描述强迫对流下的硼颗粒燃烧特性。     

竖直平板间湍流自然对流中螺旋羽流结构的实验研究

应用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）对竖直平板间水的温差湍流自然对流的流场进行了测量,并由测量所获得的速度场获取了涡量分布和散度分布。测量结果表明,在流场中的竖直展向截面和水平流向截面上都存在大尺度涡流结构,而且在部分涡量集中区域同时具有正的或者负的散度集中,速度矢量分布也表明水平截面上的这部分涡流结构呈现着清晰的源或汇的特征。这些现象都表明这部分旋转着的流体不但有切向速度,还有径向速度。这意味着这部分流体在旋转的同时也有向上或向下的运动,即同时具有在同方向上的涡量和速度,即螺度,而这是螺旋羽流结构的特征。这些涡结构,尤其是水平流向截面上具有径向速度的涡流结构的存在证实了竖直平板之间的湍流自然对流流场中大尺度的螺旋羽流结构的存在。     

时域法在压气机转子气动弹性计算中的应用

发展了用于三维叶轮机气动弹性计算的软件系统AEAS(aeroelastie analysis system).该系统采用时间推进法求解转子叶片的瞬态位移及动应力,以模拟压气机转子中的气动弹性现象,AEAS主要应用于强迫响应分析和颤振分析,强迫响应分析中,在坎贝尔图上共振点对应的工况下,在转子叶片上施加周期性变化的非定常...     

缩比推力室甲烷传热试验研究

为了研究火箭发动机推力室冷却通道内的甲烷传热和流阻特性,研制了缩比推力室甲烷传热试验系统,并以推力室挤压热试验的形式进行了5次超临界甲烷传热试验和2次亚临界甲烷传热试验研究.超临界甲烷传热试验燃烧室压力为5.5～7.5 MPa,燃烧室氢氧混合比约为6.8,甲烷温度为128～230 K,甲烷冷却剂流量为5～7 kg/s,甲烷冷却剂入口压力为8.3～11.7 MPa.亚临界甲烷传热试验的室压约为4 MPa,氢氧混合比2.8,甲烷温度为：128～189 K,甲烷冷却剂流量约为2.9 kg/s,甲烷入口压力为3～3.5 MPa.通过试验研究获得了液态甲烷在推力室冷却通道内超临界压力状态和亚临界压力状态下的传热和流阻特性.     

重力对载人航天器密封舱内空气对流换热影响的数值分析

地面重力环境中进行航天器密封舱内空气通风换热试验时,由于自然对流的存在导致换热量和温度分布与空间微重力环境中的情况存在偏差。文章针对航天器密封舱,建立了舱内空气对流换热的数值模型,利用数值模拟软件对有无重力时典型工况下的对流换热进行了数值模拟及模拟结果的对比分析。分析表明重力对壁面换热量的影响较大,而对空气温度及分布的影响较小;且重力的影响随空气与壁面温差的增大而增大,随通风流量的增大而减小,舱间通风也会减小重力的影响。因此在重力环境中进行试验时需要对壁面换热量进行修正。