冲击＋同向对流＋气膜冷却的三维壁温计算与分析

采用Fluent 6.3软件对冲击＋同向对流＋气膜冷却结构的壁温进行了流固耦合传热计算,获得了该复合冷却结构的壁温和冷却效果分布规律,并将计算结果与试验结果进行了对比.结果表明：冲击＋同向对流＋气膜冷却具有壁温分布均匀、冷却效果好等优点.计算结果与试验结果的分布趋势一致,最大相对误差为3.6%.     

翼型纵向俯仰非定常气动力研究

飞行器飞行时受到的非定常气动力是飞行器设计以及机动飞行中须考虑的一个重要因素。采用CFD方法数值模拟了NACA0012翼型在马赫数从0.2~5.0范围变化时做强迫振荡的非定常流场。通过积分法计算了在不同马赫数时翼型的俯仰动导数。计算结果表明,迟滞效应随马赫数的增大先增大后减小,在跨声速区域迟滞效应达到最大;迟滞环的绕向在跨声速区域为顺时针方向;迟滞环顺时针绕向时,动导数大于零,模型动不稳定,逆时针绕向时,动导数小于零,模型动稳定;旋转角速度越大,翼型表面非定常气动效应越明显。     

竖直平板自然对流强化换热的实验

研究各种强化换热结构对竖直平板自然对流换热的强化作用.通过比较圆柱扰流、圆锥扰流、三棱柱扰流、三棱锥扰流、四棱柱扰流、四棱锥扰流和直角三角翼纵向涡发生器LVG(Longitudinal vortex gener-ator)等对自然对流换热的强化效果,发现:单种换热结构中直角三角翼纵向涡发生器的强化换热效果最好,组合结构中直角三角翼叉排与圆柱扰流的混合排列换热效果最好,其能将竖直平板自然对流换热效果提高24.%.      

前体边界层状态对高超声速进气道流动结构及性能的影响

采用CFD方法研究了前体边界层状态对轴对称高超声速进气道的波系结构、激波/边界层干扰特性以及流量捕获能力、总压恢复系数等的影响,获得了不同马赫数下进气道性能参数随一级锥边界层强制转捩位置的变化规律,并对采用二维粗糙体作为强制转捩措施给流场所带来的干扰进行了分析,研究中还对比了具体进气道设计方案间的差别.      

涡轴发动机整机受迫振动分析

涡轴发动机的一种常见的安装方式是其主安装节直接与主减速器相连,对这种安装形式下涡轴发动机的受迫振动问题进行了研究.首先讨论了其结构特点并对引起激振力的原因进行了分析,然后对激振力引起的轴向力、弯距在各承力件上沿轴向的分布规律进行了分析,介绍了受迫振动响应分析和有限元方法.发动机整机振动试验证明了该方法的有效性.      

池沸腾现象中热毛细对流的成因

针对微重力条件下单组份液体池沸腾现象,探讨了有关热毛细效应作用及其成因的不同观点,指出正确描述气液相变界面两侧的温度关系是解决争议的关键.详细评述了现有的气液相变界面温度模型,发现气液相变的非平衡特征会导致气液界面上产生温度梯度,引起表面张力的显著差异,从而驱动热毛细对流的形成.但现有气液相变界面温度模型机理差异迥然,预测结果也差别很大,因此,需要更深入研究.      

Effect of non-uniform basic temperature gradient on the onset of Marangoni convection in a fluid with suspended particles

The effect of a non-uniform basic temperature gradient on the onset of convection driven by surface tension in a horizontal layer of a Boussinesq fluid with suspended particles confined between an upper free, constant heat flux boundary and a lower rigid isothermal boundary is considered. The microrotation is assumed to vanish at the boundaries. A linear stability analysis is performed. The Rayleigh–Ritz technique is used to obtain the eigenvalues. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analyzed. Six different non-uniform basic state temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. It is observed that the fluid layer with suspended particles heated from below is more stable compared to the classical fluid layer without suspended particles. The problem has possible applications in microgravity situations.     

含内热源球壳的复合传热特性及其表面温度均匀性研究

应用计算流体动力学方法,对带内热源的空腔球壳所涉及的含导热、自然对流和辐射换热的耦合传热问题进行了数值建模,得到了球壳空腔内、外侧流体的温度场、速度场。在数值模拟基础上,提出并试验验证了能有效提高球壳外表面温度均匀性的电加热绳方案。     

Study of thermo-fluidic characteristics for geometric-anisotropy Kagome truss-cored lattice

The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of the thermal insulation and heat transfer performance for Kagome truss-cored lattice along two perpendicular orientations OA and OB. Three test conditions are conducted under forced air convection for the titanium sandwich panel fabricated by 3 D printing technology. The thermo-fluidic characteristics are further explored by numerical simulation to reveal the underlying mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement.The results indicate that the orientation OB exhibits better thermal insulation than orientation OA under the identical temperature loading, while the latter outperforms the former by up to 20% higher overall heat transfer performance. In particular, the endwalls and lattice core in orientation OA achieve 9.7% and 22.5% higher area-averaged Nusselt number respectively than that in orientation OB for a given Reynolds number. The heat transfer superiority of orientation OA comes from the unique topology which induces the large scale spiral primary flows, facilitating the heat exchange between the cooling air and the surfaces of sandwich panel. However, the complex flow mixing leads to a maximum of 20% higher friction factor in orientation OA than that in orientation OB.     

大攻角多分量强迫振动实验技术

北京大学低速风洞新研制的大攻角强迫振动实验设备可迫使模型绕其体轴做单自由度俯仰、偏航、或滚转振动,由六分量应变天平感受气动反作用力和力矩,测量仪器按相关滤波原理将它们分解为同相分量和正交分量。仪器具有很高的分辨度和精度,能测出组合形式的全部18个同相导数和18个正交导数。该设备具有很大的攻角范围和侧滑角范围,并具有足够大的振动频率和振幅范围,实验风速可从20米/秒至50米/秒。强迫振动风洞实验的全过程都在微机控制下自动、实时地完成。通过某教练机的强迫振动实验和不同方法的对比实验表明,该设备能较好地测量出组合形式的全部阻尼导数、交叉导数和交叉耦合导数。