叶片弯曲对大折转压气机叶栅内分离结构的影响

通过数值模拟,分析了叶片周向弯曲对大折转角压气机叶栅内分离结构的影响。弯角分别为±10°,±20°,±30°。应用壁面流谱的拓扑法则,详细讨论了不同弯角下的分离形态。结果表明,正弯可以有效遏止角区分离,改变吸力面的分离形态,但不能完全消除吸力面的分离。因此一定范围内的叶片正弯可以改善流动,但当弯角大于20°时,流动重新恶化。反弯则使得叶栅内分离趋势增加,气动性能明显降低。     

火星着陆器抛背罩分离体气动特性

为便于火星着陆器抛背罩安全性仿真，针对火星着陆器简化外形开展了背罩分离的定常数值计算，分析了着陆平台与背罩之间的气动效应，获得了着陆平台与背罩的轴向力系数随分离间距的变化规律。结果表明：初始分离瞬间，由于着陆平台嵌入背罩内部，它们之间的压力接近驻点压力，随着分离间距的增加，背罩与着陆平台之间的压力逐渐由接近驻点压力慢慢过渡到接近底部绕流压力，至分离间距为0.1倍大底直径后，背罩一直处于着陆平台的底部绕流区。分离间距为0~0.06倍大底直径时，背罩的轴向力系数大于着陆平台，容易分离；分离间距为0.06~6倍大底直径时，着陆平台的轴向力系数大于背罩，存在分离后重新结合并发生碰撞的危险，且在分离间距为1倍大底直径时，着陆平台与背罩之间由于回流作用而产生的吸力达到峰值，此时发生碰撞的危险系数最大；分离间距超过6倍大底直径后，背罩的轴向力系数再次超越着陆平台，可以确保抛背罩安全分离。     

新型齿轮测量系统及其误差分析

根据齿轮啮合分离测试技术，开发了一种新型齿轮测量机，对该测量机原理误差和各项原始误差进行了详细分析，指出啮合分离测试技术具有高频滤波特性，得到了该机测量齿形、齿向和齿距的不确定度，实验证明了文中分析结果的正确性。     

基于PC-BUS的通用可编程A/D转换组件的设计方法探讨

本文介绍了以ＨＡＤＣ５７４２（或ＡＤ１６７４）为核心的基于ＰＣ－ＢＵＳ的通用可编程Ａ／Ｄ转换组件的原理，介绍了Ａ／Ｄ转换组件的设计方法、工作方式、时序分析及其注意事项，对于特殊的可编程Ｉ／Ｏ组件和智能接口卡的设计具有借鉴意义。     

Experimental study of ice accretion effects on aerodynamic performance of an NACA 23012 airfoil

In this paper,the effects of icing on an NACA 23012 airfoil have been studied.Experiments were applied on the clean airfoil,runback ice,horn ice,and spanwise ridge ice at a Reynolds number of 0.6 106 over angles of attack from 8° to 20°,and then results are compared.Generally,it is found that ice accretion on the airfoil can contribute to formation of a flow separation bubble on the upper surface downstream from the leading edge.In addition,it is made clear that spanwise ridge ice provides the greatest negative effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil.In this case,the stall angle drops about 10° and the maximum lift coefficient reduces about50% which is hazardous for an airplane.While horn ice leads to a stall angle drop of about 4° and a maximum lift coefficient reduction to 21%,runback ice has the least effect on the flow pattern around the airfoil and the aerodynamic coefficients so as the stall angle decreases 2° and the maximum lift reduces about 8%.     

Scaling of interaction lengths for hypersonic shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions

The interaction length induced by Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions (SWTBLIs) in the hypersonic flow was investigated using a scaling analysis, in which the interaction length normalized by the displacement thickness of boundary layer was correlated with a corrected non-dimensional separation criterion across the interaction after accounting for the wall temperature effects. A large number of hypersonic SWTBLIs were compiled to examine the scaling analysis over a wide range of Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, and wall temperatures. The results indicate that the hypersonic SWTBLIs with low Reynolds numbers collapse on the supersonic SWTBLIs, while the hypersonic cases with high Reynolds numbers show a more rapid growth of the interaction length than that with low Reynolds numbers. Thus, two scaling relationships are identified according to different Reynolds numbers for the hypersonic SWTBLIs. The scaling analysis provides valuable guidelines for engineering prediction of the interaction length, and thus, enriches the knowledge of hypersonic SWTBLIs.     

Design and analysis of a hypersonic inlet with an integrated bump/forebody

Numerical simulations and experiments showed that bump inlet had a remarkable effect on boundary layer diversion of supersonic flow.However, the design and analysis of bump in hypersonic flow was still few.In this paper, the mechanism of a supersonic bump inlet is introduced to the design of hypersonic forebody.A hypersonic inlet with an integrated bump/forebody is obtained by the Method Of Characteristics(MOC) based on a chin inlet.Numerical simulations show that the modified inlet achieves diversion of low-speed flow.Besides, the integrated bump/-forebody is also beneficial to inlet start.During the starting process, the shape of the separation zone is rebuilt by the modified forebody surface which makes spillage much easier.This new design leads to a reduction of the self-start Mach number by 0.95.     

开放式FADEC系统的数据总线研究

研究了容错数据总线这个从集中式向开放式架构过渡的关键技术.在深入研究确定性、一致性、开放性、拓扑结构、调度策略、容错机制和传输带宽等开放式FADEC(全权限数字电子控制)数据总线关键特征的基础上,分析了总线数据传输的时间不确定性问题.从性能、可靠性和可用性的角度深入研究了TTP/C(time-triggered protocol/automotive class C),ARINC659,TTCAN(time-triggered controller area network)和FlexRay这4种时间触发架构数据总线的关键特征.研究结果表明:TTP/C总线是开放式FADEC的最佳选择,最后提出了一种基于TTP/C总线的航空发动机模块化DEEC(digital electronic engine controller)硬件架构.      

Effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at low Reynolds number

The aerodynamic performance of compressor airfoil is significantly affected by the surface roughness at low Reynolds number (Re). In the present study, numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the impact of surface roughness on the profile loss of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at Re = 1.5 × 10⁵. Four roughness locations, covering 10%, 30%, 50% and 100% of the suction surface from the leading edge and seven roughness magnitudes (R_a) ranging from 52 to 525 μm were selected. Results showed that the surface roughness mainly determined the loss generation process by influencing the structure of the Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) and the turbulence level near the wall. For all the roughness locations, the variation trend for the profile loss with the roughness magnitude was similar. In the transitionally rough region, the negative displacement effect of the LSB was suppressed with the increase of roughness magnitude, leading to a maximum decrease of 14.6%, 16.04%, 16.45% and 10.20% in the profile loss at R_a = 157 μm for the four roughness locations, respectively. However, with a further increase of the roughness magnitude in the fully rough region, the stronger turbulent dissipation enhanced the growth rate of the turbulent boundary layer and increased the profile loss instead. By comparison, the leading edge roughness played a dominant role in the boundary layer development and performance variation. To take fully advantage of the surface roughness reducing profile loss at low Re, the effects of roughness on suppressing LSB and inducing strong turbulent dissipation should be balanced effectively.     

双脉冲发动机EPDM软隔层黏超弹本构模型

三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）用于软隔层式双脉冲固体火箭发动机软质脉冲隔离装置（PSD）时,主要在Ⅰ脉冲工作时起到绝热抗烧蚀作用,同时保证Ⅱ脉冲能够可靠工作。根据橡胶类材料连续介质力学理论,建立了描述EPDM软隔层在有限变形下的黏超弹本构模型。模型由超弹部分和非线性黏弹性部分构成：超弹部分在Mooney-Rivlin模型的基础上进行了改进,使之能够描述大应变时的硬化现象;非线性黏弹性部分采用广义黏弹性模型,采用无量纲形式的KWW方程替代了传统的Prony级数,使得用2个参数就能预测较大应变率范围内的力学响应。利用万能材料实验机对EPDM软隔层进行了多步松弛实验和单轴等速率拉伸实验,然后根据实验结果,采用分步拟合的方法求出模型参数,利用所建立的本构模型对其余的实验结果进行预测并与实验结果进行比较,对比结果表明所建立的模型能较好地预测EPDM软隔层伸长比在800%以内的单轴等速拉伸响应。最后利用文献中的实验数据验证了所建立的模型能够较好地预测多种工况下的力学响应。