航空铆钉连接件的抗冲击性能

以分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置为基础，设计了特殊的铆接试验件，对MS20615铆钉的铆接结构开展了动态加载下不同加载角度、不同加载速率的力学性能试验。结合其准静态试验结果，获得了铆接结构在纯剪切、30°拉剪耦合、45°拉剪耦合、60°拉剪耦合和纯拉伸试验下的力学性能参数。试验结果表明，加载角度、加载速率对铆接结构的失效载荷与失效模式有显著的影响。在试验结果的基础上，使用有限元软件LS-Dyna建立了铆接结构的简化模型，对比了试验和数值模拟得到的铆接结构载荷-位移曲线，并对简化数值模型进行了网格相关性分析，验证了简化的铆钉单元模型的可行性。     

基于线性频散信号构建的复杂航空结构Lamb波高分辨率损伤成像

在对复杂航空结构的Lamb波损伤成像中,Lamb波频散容易使信号波包发生扩展和变形,从而降低信号的分辨率,并最终影响损伤监测结果,因此Lamb波频散补偿已成为急需解决的一个重要问题。目前常用的频散补偿方法需要理论计算Lamb波频散曲线,难以适用于复杂航空结构。本文利用现场直接测得的相对波数曲线进行线性频散信号构建(Linearly-dispersive signal construction,LDSC)的频散补偿处理,解决了航空复杂结构中Lamb波频散难以补偿的问题。然后,将LDSC用于延迟叠加损伤成像中,以实现高分辨率损伤成像。为了降低多反射的复杂航空结构形式对成像结果的影响,引入了1.5波峰正弦调制的准宽带Lamb波激励波形。最后通过在真实复杂的某型飞机大梁结构上的实验证明了所提方法的有效性。     

Progress in the Study of Galaxies: Structures,Collective Phenomena and Methods

The review contains the important achievements in dynamics of the galactic disks. Among them there are I. New structures discovered recently: • giant vortices (including giant anticyclone in the Solar vicinity); • slow bar; • inner oscillating structure within spiral arms similar that of enveloped soliton; • chaotic streamlines in the velocity field of the gaseous disk of a real galaxy. II. New collective phenomina discovered recently: • new overreflection instability initiating ‘mini-spiral’ in the innermost central parsec of Galaxy; • large-scale convection caused by nonlinear interaction of density wave with disk gas; • non-kolmogorovian spectrum of weak turbulence corresponding to the observed one in the • Solar vicinity. III. New methods worked out recently: • reconstruction of full three-dimensional vector field of gas velocity from the observed line-of- • sight velocity field; • observational test for verification of the wave-nature of the spiral arms; • observational test to distinguish two types of vertical motions: warp and z-motions in the • density wave; • derivation of correct system of two-dimensional dynamical equations from the initial three- • dimensional one. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

翼盒结构的可靠性分析及基于系统可靠性的优化设计

 本文研究了翼盒结构的可靠性分析及基于系统可靠性的结构优化设计方法。采用发展了的优化准则法枚举系统的主要失效模式,和Feng的高精度法计算系统破坏概率,提出两个迭代公式进行元件尺寸的优化设计。算例结果表明本文方法是中、大型结构系统可靠性分析及优化设计的有效方法。     

一类结构随机跳变系统的自适应滤波方法

提出了含有相关和非相关两类特征参数的结构随机跳变系统自适应滤波方法,并采用改进了的一种基于随机采样技术的自举滤波算法,其对于非线性非高斯问题具有很强的适应性,很好地克服了传统滤波算法在解决此类问题时所存在的"基础结构失真"的缺陷,从而提高了滤波算法的整体估计性能.在"闪烁"噪声环境里,测量信息存在随机中断的导弹制导问题的仿真结果,验证了本方法的有效性.     

Statistical study of radio drifting pulsation structures with associated CMEs and other observations

Solar radio burst, especially the fine structures (FSs) and the drifting pulsation structures (DPSs), may be used as an important diagnostics tool to draw the evolution map of the flare loop in the initial phase of solar flares. In this work, 52 radio events were found accompanying with DPSs. They were all observed with the Solar Radio Spectrometers (0.625–7.6 GHz) of China during 1998–2004. Combining the radio observations with LASCO-C2, Goes-8 SXR, H_α, EUV and Trace observations, we analyzed all these events and obtained some statistic conclusions: First, 88% DPSs take place at the initial phase of the radio burst, and their rich spectrum characteristics are helpful to understand the events further. Second, 83% DPSs are associated with CMEs or ejection events, and all the events are accompanied by Goes SXR flare. Third, for CMEs and DPSs, which take the first step, there is no significant predominance of either of them. The relationship between the DPSs and CMEs is still not clear in this study because of the lack of spatial resolution in the centimeter–decimeter band. However, the EIT or Trace ejection happened during the onset/end time of DPSs. They are signatures of the initial phase of CMEs. Two events will be illustrated to explain this.     

FATIGUE DAMAGE AND LIFETIME PREDICTION OF AERONAUTIC WELDED STRUCTURES UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE

ＦＡＴＩＧＵＥＤＡＭＡＧＥＡＮＤＬＩＦＥＴＩＭＥＰＲＥＤＩＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＥＲＯＮＡＵＴＩＣＷＥＬＤＥＤＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＵＮＤＥＲＨＩＧＨＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＺｕｏＪｉａｎｚｈｅｎｇ，ＬｏｕＺｈｉｗｅｎ，ＫｕａｎｇＺｈｅｎｂａｎｇ（ＳｔａｔｅＫ...     

交叉剪切混合层中拟序结构的数值研究

采用拟谱方法对时间模式的交叉剪切混合层进行了直接数值模拟。计算结果表明:与平面混合层一样,展向涡的拉伸作用是交叉剪切混合层中流向涡形成的主要机制。当展向剪切强度较大时(如两主流交叉角为40°),与初期展向KelvinHelmholtz相关的单向旋转流向涡在拉伸作用下很快增长起来,并“坍缩”成“肋状”涡。当交叉角为40°时,涡核区存在类似平面混合层中“方块状”涡的流向涡结构,展向涡辫区还存在一组符号相反的流向涡,不过与“肋状”涡对应的涡结构呈扁平状,始终没有“坍缩”。当交叉角为60°时,“肋状”涡非常强,以致完全抑制了平面混合层“对称模式”的发展。当交叉角小到20°时,流向涡结构更接近于对称分布,然而“肋状”涡却没有形成。另外,计算结果还证实:与二维混合层相比,大强度展向剪切的引入能够加强流场的混合,同时,适当增加展向扰动波初始强度和波数也是提高混合效率的有效手段。     

飞机结构件在当量环境谱下加速腐蚀试验和日历寿命估算方法

首次成功地进行了构件在当量环境谱下的加速腐蚀试验,取得了防护层日历有效期和基体腐蚀扩展速率;建立了一套由试验数据估算日历首翻期、日历翻修间隔、日历总寿命的方法和公式;提出了由使用中真实的腐蚀损伤数据来估算日历首翻期的方法;在构件加速腐蚀试验和使用中真实腐蚀损伤数据统计处理的基础上,给出了 HX型机群日历寿命。     

沟槽面湍流边界层近壁区拟序结构实验研究

应用氢气泡流动显示技术,对沟槽面湍流边界层近壁区带条结构进行了研究。通过分析流动显示结果,发现沟槽面的带条比较平坦,低速带条有较好的直线性,说明沟槽限制了流体的横向流动,增强了流动的稳定性。通过统计分析发现沟槽板湍流边界层中无量纲低速带条间距及无量纲高速带条间距均符合对数正态分布。对同种沟槽板而言,两种带条的分布特性无明显差别。沟槽板的平均无量纲低速带条间距比光滑板的要小,最多小30%,且沟槽尺寸对平均无量纲低速带条间距亦有影响。对同一种沟槽板同一位置而言,平均无量纲低速带条间距随离开壁面的无量纲距离的减小而减小,但最可几概率增大,表明沟槽板对近壁流动影响最为强烈。另外,还对低速带条与减阻特性的关系做了初步探讨,得到的沟槽无量纲高度和间距为15～18的沟槽板有较好的减阻效果。