基于代理模型的二元收扩喷管流道型面优化设计

在二元收扩（2D-CD）喷管设计参数对喷管气动性能影响研究的基础上,以获得尽可能高的喷管推力系数为目标,以喉道宽高比、喉道型面半径比、收敛半角和扩张半角为设计变量,对二元收扩喷管的流道型面进行了优化设计。设计过程中,利用正交试验设计方法确定初始样本点,建立喷管推力系数与设计参数间的Kriging代理模型,采用自适应模拟退火算法（ASA）对代理模型进行分析求解。结果表明,二元收扩喷管的优化型面参数为:喉道宽高比为6,喉道型面半径比为0.3,收敛半角为15°,扩张半角为5.64°,此时最大推力系数为0.97847,流量系数为0.98778.      

基于压电纤维复合材料的离心叶轮叶片高阶模态测量

为准确获取离心叶轮叶片的高阶振动特性及其模态,利用压电纤维复合材料(Marco fiber composite,MFC)对离心叶轮叶片进行模态测试。设计了MFC激励系统,提出了MFC选型、激励和测点位置的确定方法,研究了不同信号的高阶模态激励效果,并分析了MFC附加质量和刚度对叶片固有频率和模态的影响;结合有限元仿真结果,对比分析了前20阶振动模态的异同。试验结果表明:MFC具有操作简单、重复性好、信噪比高、能够稳定激励出高阶模态等优势,计算模态与测量模态吻合较好,在第6～8阶与第12～15阶之间存在模态密集区域;MFC附加质量和刚度对实验固有频率的影响低于4%。提出的MFC激励方法可用于具有较高固有频率的航空发动机部件的模态测量。     

基于精益6滓的航空高强钢零件大尺寸面轮廓度 数控加工参数优化

针对某航空高强钢零件大尺寸面轮廓度数控加工合格率较低问题,利用精益6σ方法,依据DMAIC的研究路径,充分运用箱线图、等方差检验、单因子方差分析等方法和工具,分析了“人、机、料、法、环、测”6大方面的操作者、加工刀具、装夹方式、主轴转速、切削量、进给速度、切削方式7个因素,确定刀具尺寸、切削量、进给速度为关键影响因素;通过建立面轮廓度与7个影响因素之间的GLM模型,得出影响流程输出的3个关键影响因素的最佳组合,并在此基础上对工艺参数进行优化。结果表明:该零件的数控加工工艺流程改进后,减少了加工过程中的人工调试检查环节,缩短了加工调试验证时间,大尺寸面轮廓度数控加工合格率从80%提高到96%以上,取得了较好的经济效益。     

基于航空煤油重整的SOFC-GT混合动力系统性能

建立了基于航空煤油重整固体氧化物燃料电池-涡轮发动机（SOFC-GT）混合动力系统仿真模型,比较了两种回热方式的重整装置以及不同涡轮布置位置时的系统性能变化,优选出最佳的混合动力系统架构。进一步分析了压气机压比、燃料利用率、燃油流量以及空气流量等运行参数对SOFC-GT混合动力系统性能的影响。研究结果表明：设计点工况下,最佳混合动力系统的发电效率能达到45%,体现出良好的系统性能;当燃料利用率为082时混合动力系统的效率和功率最高;随着燃油流量(0051 1~0058 4 mol/s)的增加,混合动力系统的效率和功率均增加;而随着压气机压比(25~33)或者空气流量(37~44 mol/s)的增加,混合动力系统的效率和功率都减小。     

纳米铝粉的活性评价方法研究进展

综述了纳米铝粉活性的2类评价方法:单质铝含量法和热分析参数法.单质铝含量的测定方法主要有气体容量法、氧化还原滴定法、热重分析法和透射电镜分析法,其中氧化还原滴定法又可分为重铬酸钾滴定法、水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法、非水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法及硫酸高铈法.基于热分析参数的活性评价方法主要采用:氧化起始温度、最大氧化速率、一定温度范...     

Comparison of peak characteristics of F2 ionospheric layer over Tehran region at a low solar activity period with IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models predictions

In the present work values of peak electron density (NmF2) and height of F2 ionospheric layer (hmF2) over Tehran region at a low solar activity period are compared with the predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere models (IRI-2001 and IRI-2007). Data measured by a digital ionosonde at the ionospheric station of the Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran from July 2006 to June 2007 are used to perform the calculations. Formulations proposed by  and  are utilized to calculate the hmF2. The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) options are employed to run the IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models. Results show that both IRI-2007 and IRI-2001 can successfully predict the NmF2 and hmF2 over Tehran region. In addition, the study shows that predictions of IRI-2007 model with CCIR coefficient has closer values to the observations. Furthermore, it is found that the monthly average of the percentage deviation between the IRI models predictions and the values of hmF2 and NmF2 parameters are less than 10% and 21%, respectively.     

复杂薄壁、薄板类零件高速加工技术初探

从加工方法,加工参数,工装夹具等方面对薄壁、薄板类零件的加工进行深入探讨,有效地解决了薄壁、薄板类零件的加工,为今后进行此类零件的加工进行了有益的技术储备。     

Mechanism parameters optimization of bionic frog jumping robot based on velocity directional manipulability measure

以速度方向可操作度作为跳跃性能的评价指标,从机构设计角度寻求改善仿蛙跳跃机器人跳跃性能的方法.在仿蛙跳跃机器人机构模型的基础上,建立了起跳阶段的运动学方程,得到机器人从关节空间到质心运动空间的速度映射关系,结合速度方向可操作度,利用优化算法对仿蛙跳跃机器人的机构参数进行优化,使机器人的跳跃性能达到最佳.优化结果表明,运用速度方向可操作度理论,对跳跃机器人机构参数进行优化研究是有效可行的.     

对模态参数识别的整体正交多项式算法的评述

整体正交多项式识别算法利用整体最小二乘方法来辨识结构模态参数，识别精度一般高于普通意义上的正交多项式拟合算法，本文系统的介绍了整体正交多项式识别算法发展过程中出现的三种方法，同时从识别精度、对噪声敏感程度和识别效率三个方面对方法进行详细的比较和评价，并在此基础上进一步指出了方法存在的问题和未来的研究方向。     

Using the MIR bands in vegetation indices for the estimation of grassland biophysical parameters from satellite remote sensing in the Alps region of Trentino (Italy)

Development of new methods for estimating biophysical parameters can be considered one of the most important targets for the improvement of grassland parameters estimation at full canopy cover. In fact, accurate assessment methods of biophysical characteristics of vegetation are needed in order to avoid the uncertainties of carbon terrestrial sinks.

Remote sensing is a valid tool for scaling up ecosystem measurements towards landscape levels serving a wide range of applications, many of them being related to carbon-cycle models. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of satellite platform sensors in estimating grassland biophysical parameters such as LAI, biomass, phytomass, and Green herbage ratio (GR). Also, we wanted to compare some of the most common NIR and red/green-based vegetation indices with ones that also make use of the MIR band, in relation to their ability to predict grassland biophysical parameters.

Ground-truth measurements were taken on July 2003 and 2004 on the Monte Bondone plateau (Italian Alps, Trento district) in grasslands varying in land use and management intensities. From satellite platforms, an IRS-1C-LISS III image (18/07/2003; 25 m resolution in the visible-NIR and 70 m resolution in the MIR) and a SPOT 5 image (27/07/2004, 10 m resolution in the visible-NIR and MIR) were used.

LAI, biomass, and phytomass measurements showed logarithmic relationships with the investigated NIR and red/green-based indices. GreenNDVI showed the highest R² values (0.59, IRS 2003; 0.60, SPOT 2004). Index saturation occurred above approximately 100–150 g m⁻² of biomass (LAI 1.5–2). On the other hand, GR relationships were shown to be linear. MIR-based indices performed better than NIR and red/green-based ones in estimating biophysical variables, with no saturation effect. Biomass showed a linear regression with Canopy Index (MIR/green ratio) and with the Normalised Canopy Index (NCI) calculated as a normalised difference between MIR and green bands (IRS: R² = 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. SPOT: R² = 0.63 and 0.64). Similar correlations could also be found for LAI and phytomass, and GR predictability was shown to be higher than NDVI and GreenNDVI. According to these results obtained in the investigated areas, phytomass, biomass, LAI, and GR are linearly correlated with the investigated MIR band indices and as a result, these parameters could be estimated from the adopted satellite platforms with limited saturation problems.