Anomalous Cosmic Rays and Solar Modulation

We review aspects of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) that bear on the solar modulation of energetic particles in the heliosphere. We show that the latitudinal and radial gradients of these particles exhibit a 22-year periodicity in concert with the reversal of the Sun's magnetic field. The power-law index of the low energy portion of the energy spectrum of ACRs at the shock in 1996 appears to be -1.3, suggesting that the strength of the solar wind termination shock at the helioequatorial plane is relatively weak, with s 2.8. The rigidity dependence of the perpendicular interplanetary mean free path in the outer heliosphere for particles with rigidities between 0.2 and 0.7 GV varies approximately as R2, where R is particle rigidity. There is evidence that ACR oxygen is primarily multiply charged above 20 MeV/nuc and primarily singly-charged below 16 MeV/nuc. The location of the termination shock was at 65 AU in 1987 and 85 AU in 1994.     

The Geology of Mercury: The View Prior to the MESSENGER Mission

Mariner 10 and Earth-based observations have revealed Mercury, the innermost of the terrestrial planetary bodies, to be an exciting laboratory for the study of Solar System geological processes. Mercury is characterized by a lunar-like surface, a global magnetic field, and an interior dominated by an iron core having a radius at least three-quarters of the radius of the planet. The 45% of the surface imaged by Mariner 10 reveals some distinctive differences from the Moon, however, with major contractional fault scarps and huge expanses of moderate-albedo Cayley-like smooth plains of uncertain origin. Our current image coverage of Mercury is comparable to that of telescopic photographs of the Earth’s Moon prior to the launch of Sputnik in 1957. We have no photographic images of one-half of the surface, the resolution of the images we do have is generally poor (∼1 km), and as with many lunar telescopic photographs, much of the available surface of Mercury is distorted by foreshortening due to viewing geometry, or poorly suited for geological analysis and impact-crater counting for age determinations because of high-Sun illumination conditions. Currently available topographic information is also very limited. Nonetheless, Mercury is a geological laboratory that represents (1) a planet where the presence of a huge iron core may be due to impact stripping of the crust and upper mantle, or alternatively, where formation of a huge core may have resulted in a residual mantle and crust of potentially unusual composition and structure; (2) a planet with an internal chemical and mechanical structure that provides new insights into planetary thermal history and the relative roles of conduction and convection in planetary heat loss; (3) a one-tectonic-plate planet where constraints on major interior processes can be deduced from the geology of the global tectonic system; (4) a planet where volcanic resurfacing may not have played a significant role in planetary history and internally generated volcanic resurfacing may have ceased at ∼3.8 Ga; (5) a planet where impact craters can be used to disentangle the fundamental roles of gravity and mean impactor velocity in determining impact crater morphology and morphometry; (6) an environment where global impact crater counts can test fundamental concepts of the distribution of impactor populations in space and time; (7) an extreme environment in which highly radar-reflective polar deposits, much more extensive than those on the Moon, can be better understood; (8) an extreme environment in which the basic processes of space weathering can be further deduced; and (9) a potential end-member in terrestrial planetary body geological evolution in which the relationships of internal and surface evolution can be clearly assessed from both a tectonic and volcanic point of view. In the half-century since the launch of Sputnik, more than 30 spacecraft have been sent to the Moon, yet only now is a second spacecraft en route to Mercury. The MESSENGER mission will address key questions about the geologic evolution of Mercury; the depth and breadth of the MESSENGER data will permit the confident reconstruction of the geological history and thermal evolution of Mercury using new imaging, topography, chemistry, mineralogy, gravity, magnetic, and environmental data.     

不同中间层合金对IC10合金的连接

采用B或Zr作为降熔元素分别配制不同中间层合金,并对IC10合金进行连接.分析不同状态下焊缝组织.结果表明,含B中间层合金连接IC10时,保温时间较长可以达到等温凝固,而含Zr中间层合金在本试验条件下表现为钎焊过程.     

16Co14Ni10Cr2Mo钢力学性能与应力腐蚀行为

研究了１６Ｃｏ１４Ｎｉ１０Ｃｒ２Ｍｏ钢不同温度回火５ｈ强度、冲击韧性、断裂韧性和应力腐蚀性能（在３．５％ＮａＣｌ水溶液中）。在５１０℃回火可以获得较高的强度，最高的断裂韧性及抗应力腐蚀性能，此时Ｋ＿（ＩＳＣＣ）可达，Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）为，屈服强度为１５８０ＭＰａ。应力腐蚀性能（ＳＣＣ）的改善主要与在较高温度回火，使Ｍｏ＿２Ｃ共格造成的应力下降，位错亚结构的恢复及碳化物的粗化，并导致氢的偏聚下降有关。     

含C,Cr,Mo的Fe—10Ni—14Co钢的微观组织

用TEM对两种含碳量的高钴镍钢的微观组织进行了研究。结果表明,各状态试样组织中孪晶的出现,淬火温度、冷却速度的影响是次要的,与合金中的合金元素镍、铬、铜有更密切的关系。淬火+510℃回火5小时组织中除在淬火过程中形成的薄膜状残余奥氏体外,还存在穿板条及沿板条的呈片状或颗粒状的逆转变奥氏体,组织中的合金碳化物鉴定为Mo_2C。     

多线程异地备份发动机数据软件设计与应用

通过开发发动机信息管理系统后台数据的异地备份软件,介绍了以Delphi 10 Seattle为开发工具,应用Indy组件,多线程方式实现客户端向服务器端发送备份指令,完成数据的备份、加密压缩以及向异地客户端推送数据,以客户端完成压缩数据的接收结束异地传输,同时服务器端实时向不同客户端发送执行过程信息.因发动机数据量较大,备份和传输时间较长,在异地客户端采用同步进度条显示.软件设计采用TCP可靠传输,提高数据传输的安全性.     

超宽带Vivaldi天线的设计及分析

针对机载、弹载等平台的空间有限,设计了一种双指数渐变结构的超宽带Vivaldi天线。天线由微带渐变线馈电,通过矩形共面带线阻抗变换器将小型的超宽带巴伦与天线集成,从而获得2~18GHz的带宽。仿真结果表明:在2~18GHz的工作频段内,天线的回波损耗小于-10dB,天线增益最高可达到10.5dB以上,实测结果与仿真结果基本吻合。将所设计的Vivaldi天线放置于一金属腔体内,对金属腔体对天线性能的影响进行了研究与分析。仿真结果表明:将天线单元放置于金属腔体后,辐射方向相对于原来的辐射方向发生了一定程度的偏转,但随着频率增高,偏转角度逐渐减小。     

10MW风电机组空气动力设计初探

从风电机组系统角度探索了我国未来设计10MW风电机组在空气动力设计方面的一些问题及对策。从分析风能分布与风速分布关系以及风电机组风能利用系数随风速变化关系出发,研究了风轮基本参数确定方法,并以动量叶素理论为基础,建立了优化设计模型对10MW叶片外形优化设计进行了初步探索,并对风轮性能进行了评估,完成了10MW机组叶片及风轮外形建模。提出了通过适当提高叶尖线速度及拓宽风轮转速范围,可以达到优化机组塔头质量,节约成本,提高年发电量等多重有利目标的观点。     

微带贴片双频天线研究与设计

微带贴片天线以其馈电方式和极化制式的多样化以及馈电网络、有源电路集成一体化等特点而成为印刷天线类的主角。本论文采用HFSS仿真软件对单馈单层矩形微带贴片天线进行了设计和仿真。此次设计的1．85GHZ和2．45GHZ的双频贴片天线,在两个频点处,反射系数都低于-25dB,输入电阻都约为50欧姆,且电抗很小,达到了良好的匹配效果,辐射场量在两频点处分别约为2dB和4dB,符合小尺寸指标要求。