一个新非线性方程组解的存在性定理

作为微积分中连续函数介值定理在n维欧氏空间Rn中的推广,G.Aumann建立了一个定义于n维矩形上非线性方程组解的存在性定理,J.Rohn利用Brouwer不动点定理,把定理推广到定义域为紧凸集的情形。利用Brouwer拓扑度理论,证明定理中凸性条件进一步减弱为星形区域时,其结论仍然成立。     

Comparative study of foF2 measurements with IRI-2007 model predictions during extended solar minimum

The unusually deep and extended solar minimum of cycle 23/24 made it very difficult to predict the solar indices 1 or 2 years into the future. Most of the predictions were proven wrong by the actual observed indices. IRI gets its solar, magnetic, and ionospheric indices from an indices file that is updated twice a year. In recent years, due to the unusual solar minimum, predictions had to be corrected downward with every new indices update. In this paper we analyse how much the uncertainties in the predictability of solar activity indices affect the IRI outcome and how the IRI values calculated with predicted and observed indices compared to the actual measurements. Monthly median values of F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from the ionosonde measurements at the mid-latitude ionospheric station Juliusruh were compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model predictions. The analysis found that IRI provides reliable results that compare well with actual measurements, when the definite (observed and adjusted) indices of solar activity are used, while IRI values based on earlier predictions of these indices noticeably overestimated the measurements during the solar minimum. One of the principal objectives of this paper is to direct attention of IRI users to update their solar activity indices files regularly. Use of an older index file can lead to serious IRI overestimations of F-region electron density during the recent extended solar minimum.     

SOFT IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON CENTER-FREE FUZZY CLUSTERING

Image segmentation remains one of the major challenges in image analysis.And soft image segmentation has been widely used due to its good effect.Fuzzy clustering algorithms are very popular in soft segmentation.A new soft image segmentation method based on center-free fuzzy clustering is proposed.The center-free fuzzy clustering is the modified version of the classical fuzzy C-means ( FCM ) clustering.Different from traditional fuzzy clustering , the center-free fuzzy clustering does not need to calculate the cluster center , so it can be applied to pairwise relational data.In the proposed method , the mean-shift method is chosen for initial segmentation firstly , then the center-free clustering is used to merge regions and the final segmented images are obtained at last.Experimental results show that the proposed method is better than other image segmentation methods based on traditional clustering.     

基于单星测轨进行LEO和GEO目标编目

针对既有天基探测的不足,本着降低卫星制造难度、使用复杂度,拓展监视对象的原则,针对编目测轨所需,论证设计了一个采用零倾角、9 000km高度轨道,装有7个可见光探测器,以空域监视方式支持空间目标编目测轨的构想。该构想只需1颗卫星,即可形成空间目标编目所需的测轨,独立支持LEO（低地球轨道）和GEO（地球同步轨道）目标的编目管理,具有战略、战术双重价值。     

高负荷低压涡轮时序效应数值模拟与试验验证

为了研究上下游叶片的相位对低压涡轮流动的影响机理，使用商用 CFX 软件进行数值模拟，并辅以试验校核。选取了 0°和180°2个流动相差较大的相位，分析边界层分离与转捩、边界层积分参数，对吸力面的载荷系数、壁面剪力、附面层形状因子及 动量厚度等进行对比，并从边界层的瞬态流动分析着手，在1个尾迹扫掠周期内对Klebanoff条纹、K-H涡等结构进行分析。结果 表明：不同相位的流动特性差异主要取决于势流的压力扰动与速度扰动的相位，这将决定尾迹诱导转捩与寂静区之间的主导关 系。当压力扰动与速度扰动同相时，寂静区处于逆压梯度逐渐增强的阶段，保持层流的能力被削弱；反之当二者异相时寂静区强 度较大，尾迹诱导转捩带来的湍流损失可以被寂静区平衡。通过瞬态分析可知，0°相位尾迹诱导全展向K-H涡的卷起，全展向涡 的破碎会带来较大的能量耗散，且其诱导的Klebanoff条纹强度较大，二者共同作用使得尾缘动量损失较大。     

CRISTA-NF measurements of water vapor during the SCOUT-O3 Tropical Aircraft Campaign

The new remote sensing experiment CRISTA-NF (Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere – New Frontiers) successfully participated in the SCOUT-O3 Tropical Aircraft Campaign in November and December 2005. CRISTA-NF operated aboard the high-altitude research aircraft M-55 Geophysica. Mid-infrared spectra (4–15 μm) were measured in the limb sounding geometry with high spatial resolution (250 m vertical sampling, 5–15 km along track sampling). Measurements were carried out during transfer flights between Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, and Darwin, Australia, as well as during several local flights near Darwin. Water vapor volume mixing ratios in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere were derived from the CRISTA-NF radiance measurements by utilizing a rapid radiative transfer forward model and the optimal estimation retrieval approach. CRISTA-NF water vapor measurements below the hygropause have a total retrieval error of 15–40% (i.e. root mean square of accuracy and precision). The systematic terms are dominating in the retrieval error budget. The contributions of a priori information to the retrieval results are less than 5–10%. The vertical resolution of the observations is about 250–500 m when permitted by instrument sampling. In this paper we present first results for three transfer flights of the campaign. Being generally in good agreement with corresponding ECMWF operational analyzes, the CRISTA-NF measurements show significantly higher variability and local structures in the upper tropospheric water vapor distributions.     

飞机最优巡航条件的确定

续航性能是飞机的主要战术技术指标之一。从飞机巡航段航程的基本公式出发，利用导数求极值的性质，推导出确定飞机巡航爬升和平流层内最佳巡航条件的方程，证明了最优巡航马赫数出现在飞机阻力增加区段，最优巡航高度存在于飞机阻力最小处。最后以某型飞机的巡航爬升条件和平流层平飞最优马赫数和高度的确定作为算例，说明用此方法确定飞机巡航条件，将使飞机获得最大航程。     

Delta算子系统极点有圆形区域约束的鲁棒控制

研究Delta算子描述的不确定线性系统闭环极点有圆形区域约束的鲁棒控制,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法,对Delta算子不确定系统进行状态反馈设计,导出满足闭环极点圆形区域约束的状态反馈控制律存在的充分条件,用一个线性矩阵不等式的可行解给出了状态反馈控制律的参数化表示．具体算例说明了试方法的有效性．     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

大气层内动能拦截弹的变增益鲁棒姿控系统设计研究

当调度参数快速变化时,基于传统方法设计的系统可能会变得不稳定。针对这个原理缺陷,应用变增益鲁棒控制理论设计参数较快变化的动能拦截弹。首先建立了导弹动力学模型,然后介绍并推证了基于状态反馈的二次H∞性能稳定定理,为了保证闭环系统具有满意的动态性能,引入了闭环极点区域配置技术,最后的仿真表明,该方法具有良好的跟踪切换能力,预期的动态响应能力并可保证系统全局稳定。