不同节流装置测量气液两相流的动态特性研究

为了研究文丘里管、多孔孔板和V型内锥3种功能节流式流量计测量得到的气液两相流动态特性,采用高频差压传感器获取不同流型下的动态差压信号,利用AOK时频谱对差压信号进行分析,通过时频谱图研究不同流型下信号的时变特征.通过对典型的泡状流、弹状流、塞状流信号的实验分析表明:文丘里管在塞泡流存在较强的噪声信号,V型内锥在泡状流存在较强的噪声信号.多孔孔板具有很好的降噪效果,且多孔孔板能均衡信号的能量,信号能量分布较均衡.3种节流仪表均能很好地描述两相流定态特性,能够用于两相流流型识别及其它参数测量.     

生产用汽凝水回收存在问题及解决方法

工业生产中经常用饱和蒸汽作为加热介质,其凝结水在回收过程中由于温度高而产生二次汽化,难以回收,造成热能和高品质水的浪费。针对这种现象提出合理、实用的解决方法,深度利用蒸汽的热能,降低凝结水的温度,使凝水更容易回收,减少热能损失,避免环境污染。     

A novel system parameters design and performance analysis method for Distributed Satellite-borne SAR system

As a promising new technology emerged in recent years, the Distributed Satellite-borne SAR (DSS) system with Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imaging capability has been recognized by the remote sensing community as an integrated part of the spaceborne earth observation system. However, most researches on DSS were focused on individual aspects of system design/analysis and data processing, while few studies have been dedicated to establishing a standard methodological framework for universal DSS system design. Aiming at this problem, the topics of DSS system error analysis and design method are investigated in this paper. Firstly, a rigorous error propagation model of height measurement is theoretically derived from the DSS InSAR imaging geometry, and the impact of each error sources in this model on the height measurement accuracy is analyzed individually. In particular, the baseline length and its measurement error in the InSAR imaging plane are identified as the dominant factors. Second, a new method for DSS system design is proposed based on our analyses with the error propagation model. This method consists of two important phases, namely collaboration design and monostatic design. The major objective of collaboration design is to determine the configuration and parameters for the coordination between satellites in the DSS system. Afterwards, the key parameters for single satellite and the payload are determined by the monostatic design. Thirdly, a system performance analysis method is developed to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the pre-designed DSS system. In the next section, a typical example of DSS system design is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system design and analysis methods. The target DSS system has the same goal and hardware configuration as the TanDEM-X mission. Finally, the conclusion is drawn with our major findings are presented.     

一种机载遥感成像用分布式POS传递对准方法

针对机载遥感成像用分布式位置姿态测量系统(POS,Position and Orientation System)精确初始对准的问题,结合遥感成像的实际作业情况,在分析影响传递对准精度和速度的误差源的基础上,提出一种利用载机爬升段进行分布式POS传递对准的方法,并与多种机动方式进行对比.半物理仿真结果表明:利用遥感载荷作业现有条件能够获得数学平台失准角和安装误差角的准确快速估计.研究结果可为机载分布式POS传递对准方案的选择和设计提供理论参考.     

Self-similar flow of a rotating dusty gas behind the shock wave with increasing energy, conduction and radiation heat flux

A self-similar solution is obtained for one dimensional adiabatic flow behind a cylindrical shock wave propagating in a rotating dusty gas in presence of heat conduction and radiation heat flux with increasing energy. The dusty gas is assumed to be a mixture of non-ideal (or perfect) gas and small solid particles, in which solid particles are continuously distributed. It is assumed that the equilibrium flow-condition is maintained and variable energy input is continuously supplied by the piston (or inner expanding surface). The heat conduction is expressed in terms of Fourier’s law and the radiation is considered to be of the diffusion type for an optically thick grey gas model. The thermal conductivity K and the absorption coefficient α_R are assumed to vary with temperature only. In order to obtain the similarity solutions the initial density of the ambient medium is assumed to be constant and the angular velocity of the ambient medium is assumed to be decreasing as the distance from the axis increases. The effects of the variation of the heat transfer parameters and non-idealness of the gas in the mixture are investigated. The effects of an increase in (i) the mass concentration of solid particles in the mixture and (ii) the ratio of the density of solid particles to the initial density of the gas on the flow variables are also investigated.     

模型燃烧室内不稳定燃烧发展过程的数值分析

为了对自燃推进剂燃烧室内出现的不稳定燃烧现象进行详细分析,采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法对该燃烧室内的气液两相非稳态燃烧过程进行了数值模拟,计算得到的压力振荡幅值和频谱特性与实验结果吻合较好,在此基础上对不同燃烧阶段内的压力和释热变化规律进行了分析。结果表明:在压力振荡幅值超过10%的不稳定燃烧阶段,压力振荡主频为9 200 Hz,燃烧室内横向压力分布与1阶切向振型一致,仿真中再现了1阶切向自激高频不稳定燃烧的产生及发展过程;稳定燃烧向不稳定燃烧转变早期,压力振荡从部分燃烧释热波动中获得能量,压力振荡幅值缓慢增长;随着燃烧进行,燃烧释热波动与压力振荡之间相位和频谱特性逐渐趋于一致,压力振荡幅值开始急剧增大;当二者完全耦合时,燃烧室内压力振荡幅值达到极限饱和状态,此时压力振荡幅值超过了平均室压的200%。      

增强RRAM可靠性的热通量压缩算法

为提高阻变存储器(RRAM)的可靠性,研究了RRAM中的热串扰问题,提出了一种热通量压缩(TFC)算法,通过在RRAM读写电路之前加入TFC算法,降低在RRAM中产生的焦耳热,从而减弱RRAM中的热串扰问题,提高RRAM的可靠性。TFC算法通过分析计算写入数据流产生的真实焦耳热热量进而判断是否对写入数据流进行翻转编码,即TFC算法会在原始写入数据流和翻转编码数据流二者中选择热通量较小者通过算法层,从而达到减小RRAM存储器中焦耳热热量的目的。理论分析和仿真结果表明:以字节为单位数据块条件下TFC算法平均可降低30%以上的写入焦耳热,阻变单元的保持时间估值平均增加了35%以上。      

爆轰驱动膨胀管性能研究

超高速流动一般指速度超过5 km/s的流动,由于流动具有高焓高速的特点,模拟超高速流动的地面试验设备面临极大挑战。膨胀管(风洞)是少数几种具备超高速流动模拟能力的地面试验设备之一。中国科学院力学研究所高温气体动力学国家重点实验室(LHD)通过将正向爆轰驱动技术和膨胀管结合在一起,建成了可实现最高速度10 km/s超高速试验气流的爆轰驱动膨胀管(JF-16),并开展了典型模型试验。在此基础上对JF-16进行了改造升级工作,为其设计喷管增加了膨胀风洞运行模式,对其性能进行了相关试验测试研究。同时,对膨胀管相关数值方法进行了介绍,并开展数值模拟对试验状态进行辅助诊断和分析。     

辐射器构型对载人航天器主动控温回路热负荷性能的影响分析

文章针对载人航天器主动控温回路系统中采用的分布式和集中式两类辐射器构型,分别建立了仿真分析模型,对它们在正常工作模式和辐射器支路故障工作模式下的工作性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用集中式辐射器的主动控温回路系统所能承受的热负荷水平要优于分布式辐射器对应的主动控温回路系统,且随着故障辐射器支路数目的增加,这两类流体回路所能承受的热负荷水平差异愈加明显。对于文章所设定的模型,正常工作情况下二者差异达到7.4%,单条支路故障时差异达到11%,2条支路故障时差异达到31.5%。     

热管技术在航天器热控制中的应用

热管技术在航天器等温化、热传递、散热和仪器设备热控制等方面具有广泛应用。文章介绍了热管的工作原理、分类及热控制应用考虑的因素;评述了热管技术在国内外航天器热控制中的应用进展;指出了热管技术进一步发展的方向。发展新型热管和提高热管传热能力将是今后热管技术的研究重点。