基于支持向量机和粒子群算法的钛合金铣削加工参数优化

钛合金材料在加工过程中受铣削力影响易于产生变形而影响加工效果,为保证加工质量,提高生产效率及降低加工成本,研究切削加工参数的合理选择非常重要.对钛合金材料Ti6Al4V铣削加工进行有限元数值计算,结合试验设计方法构建了基于支持向量机的切削力预测模型,以材料去除率为优化目标,提出了一种基于支持向量机和粒子群算法的优化方法,对钛合金铣削加工参数进行了优化.结果表明,该方法准确、高效、可行,为钛合金加工工艺参数优化提供一种新的方法,具有良好的推广价值.     

低轨卫星月影事件预报优化

针对卫星月影问题,提出了一种低轨卫星优化的月影预报策略,可以有效提高目前低轨卫星在轨管理时对月影事件预报的效率.结合仿真对产生月影事件的太阳、地球、月球的三体关系进行了分析,首先给出了月影产生的解析分析方法,并通过对一个三维月影影响模型的分析,得到了月影影响区间的判定要素——月影临界角;然后进一步通过对月影临界角的分析,提出了基于太阳与白道面的位置关系和月影临界角对低轨卫星月影事件的优化预报方法;最后基于大量的随机低轨卫星场景对本方法的正确性进行了验证.研究结果表明,此方法能够较大地提高月影预报效率,可以将月影预报频率从每月1次降低到每年2次,从而简化了低轨卫星在轨运行管理的任务复杂度,为卫星的在轨可靠运行提供支持.     

基于Fibonacci搜索方法的航空发动机性能寻优

介绍了Fibonacci搜索方法应用于发动机性能优化中的原理,建立带两个出口面积、气流马赫数可变的引射器的涡喷发动机的总体性能计算模型,应用Fibonacci搜索方法在优化参数区间内对该发动机进行了最大推力、最低油耗、最低涡轮前温度模式的寻优.举例说明了Fibonacci搜索方法应用的具体过程.给出了不同高度、马赫数下的寻优结果.结果表明:最优目标性能满足的约束边界与飞行高度、马赫数密切相关.不同的飞行高度、马赫数对应了不同的最优控制策略.但不论飞行任务如何,根据该方法进行的优化控制所获得的目标性能是最佳的.该优化方法不仅适用于该类涡喷发动机,也为其他类型航空发动机的优化控制打下一定的基础.      

基于离散粒子群算法的航空发动机总装工艺优化方法

为了提高航空发动机总装工作的效率与质量,加强对总装工序和总装机件的管控,量化不同总装人员工作任务量,提高发动机总装的一致性和可追溯性,提出了1种发动机总装分区优化方法。以改进的2进制粒子群算法为基础,平衡了发动机总装各区域的工作内容,最小化各总装区域的工作差异,增强了每个区域装配机件的关联度,提高了总装工作的并行度,从而提高了装配质量。以某型发动机总装区域划分工作为实例,通过上述算法进行了总装区域划分,量化了所有装配区域每一工序的具体装配内容,减小了不同装配区域间的机件差异,杜绝了缺件、剩件等装配问题。     

Optimization and verification of free flight separation similarity law in high-speed wind tunnel

Based on the similarity of separation time, a similarity law optimization method for high-speed weapon delivery test is derived. The typical separation state under wind load is simulated by the numerical method. The real separation data of aircraft, separation data of previous test methods, separation data of ideal wind tunnel test of previous methods, and simulation data of the proposed optimization method are obtained. A comparison of the data shows that the method proposed can improve the performance of tracking. Similarity law optimization starts with the development of motion equations and dynamic equations in the windless state to address the problems of mismatching between vertical and horizontal displacement, and to address the problems of separation trajectory distortion caused by insufficient gravity acceleration of the scaling model of existing light model. The ejection velocity of the model is taken as a factor/vector, and is adjusted reasonably to compensate the linear displacement insufficiency caused by the insufficient vertical acceleration of the light model method, so as to ensure the matching of the vertical and horizontal displacement of the projectile, and to improve the consistency between the test results of high-speed projection and the actual separation trajectory. The optimized similarity law is applicable to many existing free-throwing modes of high-speed wind tunnels. The optimized similarity law is not affected by the ejection velocity and hanging mode of the projectile. The optimized similarity law is suitable not only for the launching of the buried ammunition compartment and external stores, but also for the test design of projectile launching and gravity separation.     

基于拓扑优化和形状优化的桨叶结构设计

直升机旋翼桨叶剖面结构设计是研究旋翼动力学设计的基础。提出一种联合拓扑优化和形状优化的 两级优化设计方法,可用于桨叶剖面结构的设计。第一级优化以变密度法(SIMP)作为拓扑优化的材料插值方 法,以桨叶体积最小化为设计目标,约束桨叶节点位移和应力,建立桨叶的拓扑优化求解模型;第二级优化以重 构的桨叶模型为基础开展形状优化,降低局部应力集中以及找到合理的边界节点位置。对优化后的模型进行 有限元分析,结果表明:通过拓扑优化和形状优化的两级优化,能够得到满足强度和稳定性要求的结构布局,为 桨叶结构设计提供指导方案。     

汽车双横臂独立悬架参数优化与仿真研究

针对国内某轿车双横臂独立悬架系统，运用ADMAS／View模块建立了双横臂式悬架模型，利用ADMAS／Insight模块对建立的双横臂式独立悬架进行了优化分析。优化结果分析表明：通过悬架参数优化设计，使前悬架性能有了较大的提高。     

Mechanism parameters optimization of bionic frog jumping robot based on velocity directional manipulability measure

以速度方向可操作度作为跳跃性能的评价指标,从机构设计角度寻求改善仿蛙跳跃机器人跳跃性能的方法.在仿蛙跳跃机器人机构模型的基础上,建立了起跳阶段的运动学方程,得到机器人从关节空间到质心运动空间的速度映射关系,结合速度方向可操作度,利用优化算法对仿蛙跳跃机器人的机构参数进行优化,使机器人的跳跃性能达到最佳.优化结果表明,运用速度方向可操作度理论,对跳跃机器人机构参数进行优化研究是有效可行的.     

基于遗传算法的军事物流运输计划

针对军事物流运输中车辆装载和车辆路径的组合问题进行研究,建立车辆装载和车辆路径组合问题的目标优化模型。通过改进遗传算法对模型求解,得到了较为满意的结果,可以在满足多车型多品种货物配送约束的条件下,实现运输车辆最少、车辆满载率高、车辆运输路径最短的目标。     

Global aerodynamic design optimization based on data dimensionality reduction

In aerodynamic optimization, global optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are preferred in many cases because of their advantage on reaching global optimum. However, for complex problems in which large number of design variables are needed, the computational cost becomes prohibitive, and thus original global optimization strategies are required. To address this need, data dimensionality reduction method is combined with global optimization methods, thus forming a new global optimization system, aiming to improve the efficiency of conventional global optimization. The new optimization system involves applying Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) in dimensionality reduction of design space while maintaining the generality of original design space. Besides, an acceleration approach for samples calculation in surrogate modeling is applied to reduce the computational time while providing sufficient accuracy. The optimizations of a transonic airfoil RAE2822 and the transonic wing ONERA M6 are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new optimization system. In both cases, we manage to reduce the number of design variables from 20 to 10 and from 42 to 20 respectively. The new design optimization system converges faster and it takes 1/3 of the total time of traditional optimization to converge to a better design, thus significantly reducing the overall optimization time and improving the efficiency of conventional global design optimization method.