高超声速边界层转捩机理及应用的若干进展回顾

高超声速边界层转捩对飞行器的热传递、表面摩阻和流动分离等有重要影响,尤其是再入飞行器和吸气式巡航飞行器。然而,人们对边界层转捩机理中的很多问题认识还不清楚,或存在争议。本文从扰动波演化的角度回顾了高超声速边界层感受性、线性稳定性和非线性作用的国内若干研究进展,并以基于谐波共振的人工转捩技术为例示范了这些机理认识在转捩控制上的应用。扰动的产生和发展是认识边界层转捩机理的核心。通过研究扰动波来认识边界层转捩机理,开展应用创新研究对提升飞行器性能具有重要意义。     

用低纯原料制备电冰箱起动器PTCR的重要途经——热敏钛酸钡陶瓷第二相结晶

根据Al_2O_3-SiO_2系统相图,调整Al_2O_3,SiO_2添加剂比例,可在热敏钛酸钡陶瓷显微结构中形成莫来石结晶相,莫来石的形成改善了用国产低纯原料制备电冰箱起动器PTCR的性能。本文就莫来石第二相与PTCR性能关系进行了讨论。     

连续式风洞二喉道调节马赫数控制策略

为了降低连续式跨超声速风洞压力波动,提高马赫数稳定性,需要对二喉道调节马赫数控制方式进行研究,针对现有文献鲜少对该控制策略描述等问题,以0.6m连续式跨声速风洞为例,对二喉道控制马赫数的原理进行分析,基于运动控制器加伺服驱动器双PID(proportion-integral-derivative)控制模式实现二喉道位置精确控制,提出了二喉道和压缩机转速的组合控制流程,并采用分段变参数模糊PID加串级控制的算法实现马赫数精确控制,最后进行了试验验证。结果表明马赫数控制精度优于0.001,且每个马赫数极曲线(9个攻角阶梯)的时间可控制在4min以内,证明所提出的控制策略是有效的,可为连续式跨超声速风洞的设计调试提供参考。      

基于二阶滑模算法的永磁电机直接转矩控制

针对传统直接转矩控制(DTC)方法低速控制精度差、转矩脉动大、开关频率不稳定等问题,提出了一种基于二阶滑模控制的永磁电机DTC方法。该控制方法基于二阶滑模控制原理,将传统磁链控制器与转矩控制器以滑模控制器替代,对空间电压进行矢量调制,提高了开关频率的稳定性,获得了良好的动态稳定性,改善了电机输出性能。仿真与试验结果表明,该控制方法能够有效减小电流脉动与转矩脉动,同时提高了控制系统的抗干扰能力,实现了电机的快速动态响应,具有较强的鲁棒性能。     

Stall flutter prediction based on multi-layer GRU neural network

The modeling of dynamic stall aerodynamics is essential to stall flutter, due to the flow separation in a large-amplitude pitching oscillation process. A newly neural network based Reduced Order Model (ROM) framework for predicting the aerodynamic forces of an airfoil undergoing large-amplitude pitching oscillation at various velocities is presented in this work. First, the dynamic stall aerodynamics is calculated by solving RANS equations and the transitional SST-γ model. Afterwards, the stall flutter bifurcation behavior is calculated by the above CFD solver coupled with structural dynamic equation. The critical flutter speed and limit-cycle oscillation amplitudes are consistent with those obtained by experiments. A newly multi-layer Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural network based ROM is constructed to accelerate the calculation of aerodynamic forces. The training and validation process are carried out upon the unsteady aerodynamic data obtained by the proposed CFD method. The well-trained ROM is then coupled with the structure equation at a specific velocity, the Limit-Cycle Oscillation (LCO) of stall flutter under this flow condition is predicted precisely and more quickly. In order to predict both the critical flutter velocity and LCO amplitudes after bifurcation at different velocities, a new ROM with GRU neural network considering the variation of flow velocities is developed. The stall flutter results predicted by ROM agree well with the CFD ones at different velocities. Finally, a brief sensitivity analysis of two structural parameters of ROM is carried out. It infers the potential of the presented modeling method to depict the nonlinearity of dynamic stall and stall flutter phenomenon.     

基于本征正交分解的叶片碰摩系统降阶方法

针对叶片碰摩响应求解问题,提出了采用本征正交分解进行动力学降阶的方法。通过对快照矩阵进行本征正交分解生成投影子空间,将系统动力学方程投影到子空间进行模型降阶,并结合数值积分方法进行了碰摩响应求解。基于降阶模型分析了不同转速及侵入量参数下的叶片碰摩响应,并与全阶模型进行了对比。结果表明:降阶模型的时域响应幅值偏差小于5%,计算效率了提升98.4%;通过改变叶片转速、侵入量参数验证了降阶模型的鲁棒性,并且发现随着转速、侵入量的增加,本征正交模态能量在低阶与高阶之间发生转移,并呈现出不同的传递规律,由转速引起的模态能量转移与结构的固有频率存在一定关系。该方法及结论可为叶片碰摩分析及故障诊断提供依据。      

Revisiting the space-time gradient method: A time-clocking perspective,high order difference time discretization and comparison with the harmonic balance method

This paper revisits the Space-Time Gradient (STG) method which was developed for efficient analysis of unsteady flows due to rotor–stator interaction and presents the method from an alternative time-clocking perspective. The STG method requires reordering of blade passages according to their relative clocking positions with respect to blades of an adjacent blade row. As the space-clocking is linked to an equivalent time-clocking, the passage reordering can be performed according to the alternative time-clocking. With the time-clocking perspective, unsteady flow solutions from different passages of the same blade row are mapped to flow solutions of the same passage at different time instants or phase angles. Accordingly, the time derivative of the unsteady flow equation is discretized in time directly, which is more natural than transforming the time derivative to a spatial one as with the original STG method. To improve the solution accuracy, a ninth order difference scheme has been investigated for discretizing the time derivative. To achieve a stable solution for the high order scheme, the implicit solution method of Lower-Upper Symmetric Gauss-Seidel/Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS/GS) has been employed. The NASA Stage 35 and its blade-count-reduced variant are used to demonstrate the validity of the time-clocking based passage reordering and the advantages of the high order difference scheme for the STG method. Results from an existing harmonic balance flow solver are also provided to contrast the two methods in terms of solution stability and computational cost.     

复合材料薄壁梁扭转的高次翘曲理论

利用翘曲连续修正概念导出表示剖面翘曲位移的形函数序列,据此建立单闭室复合材料薄壁梁扭转分析的高次翘曲理论,并结合分层的具体情况,考察分层对复合材料薄壁梁扭转翘曲的影响。算例表明,该高次翘曲理论具有很好的收敛性。     

飞机电网零序阻抗的数值计算

从麦克斯韦方程出发,推导了飞机电网零序阻抗参数的计算公式。对几种不同敷设方式载流导线的零序阻抗进行了计算,其结果与标准值较为接近。这种数值计算方法比传统的解析近似估算方法更为合理和准确。     

高维局部非线性转子-轴承动力系统的稳定性和分岔

采用模态缩减方法对具有非解析轴承的高维局部非线性转子系统进行自由度降阶。提出基于变分不等方程的有限元互补解的的数值方法,在几乎不增加计算量的情况下,使得实际轴承油膜力的Jacobian矩阵可与油膜力自身计算同时完成,并取得协调一致的精度。结合打靶法和Floquet理论对实际转子-轴承系统的非线性不平衡响应及其分岔行为进行计算分析,数值结果表明,所提出的方法不仅极大地降低了计算量,而且具有足够高的精度。