分布式粗糙度对马赫数为4.5的平板边界层稳定性的影响

采用数值模拟求解Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程的方法研究了小幅值分布式粗糙度对马赫数为4.5的平板边界层中扰动演化的影响.用泰勒展开线性化的办法将边界条件取在光滑平板壁面上,来模拟小幅值分布式粗糙度.研究了粗糙度及扰动的不同因素对边界层扰动演化的影响,其中包括粗糙度高度、波长、粗糙度区域的长度及扰动波频率等.研究结果表明:分布式粗糙度通过改变边界层基本流场影响扰动波的幅值演化,一定幅值的分布式粗糙度会使粗糙度区域前的不稳定区向低频移动,使粗糙度区域后的不稳定区向高频移动.从总体效果上看,对于通过粗糙度时,靠近中性曲线下支界相对低频的扰动,粗糙度会抑制其幅值的增长;对于靠近中性曲线上支界相对高频的扰动,粗糙度会促进其幅值的增长.      

钛合金径向超声振动铣削表面粗糙度研究

为提高钛合金零件加工质量,设计了径向超声振动辅助铣削试验装置,研究了切削速度、切削深度、进给速度和超声振动幅值对钛合金零件表面粗糙度的影响规律.试验结果表明,与普通铣削相比,径向超声振动铣削后工件上的刀痕更加平整、分布更加均匀,材料去除更彻底,有效减少了由于钛合金切屑粘刀造成的表面划痕和积屑瘤等现象.在不同的切削参数下,径向超声振动铣削均可以改善钛合金零件的表面粗糙度,这一点在低速切削时更为明显,而超声振动幅值过大或过小都会影响加工质量.对加工系统的切削力进行了分析,发现超声振动辅助铣削时系统的切削力明显减小,有助于提高加工系统的稳定性,从而能够获得较好的表面质量.     

TiAlN 涂层钻头钻削钛合金的实验研究

采用Ti Al N涂层硬质合金麻花钻对钛合金(TC4)进行钻削试验,研究了切削用量对轴向力、加工孔壁表面粗糙度和切屑形态的影响。结果表明:轴向力随着进给量的增加而增加,轴向力随着转速的增加而减小。运用指数公式模型对轴向力实验结果进行回归分析,得到轴向力与转速以及进给量之间的关系式,并对该方程进行了检验验证误差均小于7%;随着进给量的增加断屑能力逐渐增加,切屑长度逐渐变短。在低转速和进给量为50 mm/min时切屑形态为短螺旋形切屑,此时排屑和孔壁粗糙度均为最佳。     

GFRP铣槽加工铣削力及表面粗糙度研究

铣槽是复合材料较常用的机械加工形式之一。为研究玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic,GFRP)铣槽加工中各加工参数对铣削力和表面粗糙度的影响,开展了以主轴转速、进给速度和轴向切深为因素的正交试验,研究铣削力和表面粗糙度的变化规律。并用Matlab软件对铣削力和表面粗糙度的试验数据进行回归分析,建立了铣削力和粗糙度的经验公式,最后通过试验验证铣削力和表面粗糙度经验公式的正确性。结果表明:轴向切深对铣削力影响最大,其次是主轴转速,进给速度对铣削力影响最小;主轴转速对粗糙度的影响最大,其次是进给速度,轴向切深对粗糙度的影响最小。试验结果与铣削力、表面粗糙度经验公式算得的数值对比,误差范围都在20%以内。     

Prediction of horizontal gas–solid flows under different gravitational fields

In this paper the performance of horizontal pneumatic conveying under different gravity environments is evaluated. An Euler–Lagrange approach validated versus ground experiments is employed to predict the relevant particle variables such as particle mass flux, mean conveying and fluctuating velocities in terrestrial, lunar and micro-gravity conditions. Gravity reduced computations predict a reduction in the global particle–wall collision frequency. Also, in the case of low wall roughness and small particle mass loading, reduction of gravity acceleration implies an increase of particle–wall collision frequency with the upper wall of the channel affecting greatly the particle mass flux profile. In the case of high wall roughness and/or high particle-to-fluid mass loading (i.e., around 1.0) particle conveying characteristics are similar in the three gravity conditions evaluated. This is due to the fact that both, wall roughness and inter-particle collisions reduce gravitational settling. However, the influence of gravity on the additional pressure loss along the channel due to the conveying of the particles is much reduced.     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

基于Gamma-Theta模型的固定转捩数值模拟研究

采用γ-~Reθt转捩模型,对NACA0012翼型的固定转捩进行数值模拟,计算了不同雷诺数下刚好激发转捩又不引起过大局部压力扰动和附加阻力的最低粗糙带高度,说明了γ-~Reθt模型模拟固定转捩的能力。通过计算低雷诺数下固定转捩来模拟高雷诺数下自然转捩,计算结果表明固定转捩可以较好地模拟自然转捩。这两种计算结果对风洞试验都有重要的指导意义。     

低雷诺数下高负荷轴流压气机表面粗糙度流动调控机制

以某1.5级高负荷轴流压气机为研究对象,采用经过校核的数值模拟手段详细探究了低雷诺数下表面粗糙度对其气动性能及内部流场的影响.结果表明:相比于光滑叶片,表面粗糙度为137.8时压气机性能提升最为明显,总压比、堵塞流量以及峰值效率分别提升4.01％、2.24％、5.34％.在整个表面粗糙度大小范围内,表面粗糙度布置在吸力...     

离散式粗糙元诱导翼型边界层转捩的数值和实验研究

在Ma=0.6来流条件下,针对三维离散式圆柱粗糙元诱导NACA0012翼型边界层转捩问题开展了直接数值模拟(Direct numerical simulation,DNS)和油膜干涉风洞实验研究,分析了粗糙元诱导转捩的机理及粗糙元高度和相邻粗糙元间距对转捩位置的影响。结果表明,翼型表面粗糙元能够通过诱导出三维Λ涡和马蹄涡促进边界层转捩,达到转捩控制的效果。粗糙元高度和相邻粗糙元间距对边界层转捩有影响,且增加粗糙元高度和减小相邻粗糙元间距能够促进转捩。粗糙元高度对转捩的影响大于粗糙元间距,且对粗糙元后方区域影响大,对相邻粗糙元中间区域影响小。