State estimate for stochastic systems with dual unknown interference inputs

Stochastic system state estimation subject to the unknown interference input widely exists in many fields, such as the control, communication, signal processing, and fault diagnosis. However, the research results are mostly limited to the stochastic system in which only the dynamic state model or the measurement model concerns the individual unknown interference input, and the state model and the measurement model are both with the same unknown interference input. State estimate of the stochastic systems where the state model and the measurement model contain dual Unknown Interference inputs (dual-UI) with different physical meanings and mathematical definitions is concerned here. Firstly, the decoupling condition with the Unknown Interference input in the State model (S-UI) is shown, which introduces the decoupled system with the adjacent Measurement concerned Unknown Interference inputs (M-UI) appearing in the state model and the measurement model. Then, through defining the Differential term of the adjacent M-UI (M-UID), the equivalent system with only M-UID in the state model is obtained. Finally, considering the design freedom of the equivalent system, the decoupling filter in the minimum mean square error sense and the adaptive minimum upper filter with different applicable conditions are represented to obtain the optimal and sub-optimal state estimate, respectively. Two simulation cases verify the effectiveness and superiority compared with the traditional methods.     

基于地形匹配的高超声速飞行器初始定向偏差在线辨识方法

针对高超声速飞行器机动发射条件下自瞄准时间短、初始定向偏差大的问题，提出一种基于地形匹配的初始定向偏差在线辨识方法。以综合初始对准和姿态控制的惯性系统导航误差模型为分析基础，融合相邻两个地形匹配区两次地形匹配定位结果，建立了初始定向偏差在线辨识模型，并从惯性系统工具误差系数偏差和地形匹配定位误差两方面讨论了辨识模型的适应性。以美国高超声速飞行器CAV H为研究对象建立仿真环境，采用蒙特卡洛法检验初始定向偏差辨识效果。仿真结果表明，在地形匹配定位误差为173.88 m (3σ)情况下，初始定向剩余偏差平均值为8.42″，最大值为34.65″，能够有效提高惯性系统导航精度，并且有助于缩短发射准备时间、提高武器系统生存能力。     

基于分块图像的二值商标图像检索

提出了一种基于分块图像特征的商标图像检索方法。该方法首先确定商标图像的形状主方向来消除图像旋转带来的影响,然后通过提取目标区域的方式消除图像平移的影响,再将图像的目标区域按照4叉树的分解方式划分为多个小的子图像块,对子图像块提取特征并对图像进行相似性度量。实验证明,利用该方法提取的特征兼顾了商标图像在局部和整体上的一致性,并且具有良好的旋转、平移、尺度的不变性,得到的检索结果能够很好地满足人类的视觉感受。     

IRCT下对数正态和正态分布参数的MLE

在文［１－４］的基础上进一步研究了带有不完全信息的随机截尾试验模型（ＩＲＣＴ）。着重讨论了对数正态分布参数的统计分析问题，建立了参数所满足的似然方程组，给出并证明了似然方程组解即参数的极大似然估计（ＭＬＥ）的存在唯一性定理，所得的结论对于正态分布也同样适用。文末给出了随机模拟数值解例子，结果表明，参数的ＭＬＥ具有较高的精度。     

A FINITE ELEMENT ADAPTIVE METHOD FOR SOLVING GENERALIZED STOKES PROSLEM

ＡＦＩＮＩＴＥＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＤＡＰＴＩＶＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＳＯＬＶＩＮＧＧＥＮＥＲＡＬＩＺＥＤＳＴＯＫＥＳＰＲＯＳＬＥＭＤ．Ａ．ＦｏｋｉｎＹａｎｇＺｕｏｓｈｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｅｒｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅ...     

低温微量润滑技术喷嘴方位正交试验研究

低温微量润滑切削技术作为一种理想的绿色冷却润滑方式,已经成为机械加工领域研究的热点之一.选择外部微量润滑与低温冷风的集成作为低温微量润滑系统的实现方式,给出了确定系统喷嘴方位的3个参数:喷射方向与进给方向夹角β、喷嘴仰角α和喷嘴距切削区的距离d,并分别构建了其几何模型.针对β角,给出了最优β角与切宽半径比(B/R)的曲线.通过正交试验研究了喷嘴方位的3个参数(β、α、d)对低温微量润滑切削性能影响的重要程度.结果表明,距离d对切削性能的影响最大;其次是β角;α角的影响最小,可根据实际工况选择α在30°～60°即可.     

星图匹配制导中的关键技术

为了提高新一代弹道导弹的快速、机动反击能力和射击精度，采用星光，惯性组合制导足最佳的选择。本论文给出了基于双星敏感器的、星图匹配制导系统的关键技术。提出了根据弹道设计导航星表．极大地简化了弹载星表；提出了一种适用于星光制导的凸多边形箅法，合理地减少了匹配的星对角距数目。这两项技术保证了星图匹配制导技术的实用性。提出了一种分离初始定位、定向误差及平台漂移误差方法。采用凸多边形的星图识别算法可同时获得多颗星的瞬时位置，结合恒星在像平面的位置可解算导弹在赤道惯性系和发射点惯性系的三轴姿态，最后，给出了导弹初始定位、定向误差的数学表达式。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

Kalman滤波工程应用问题分析及改进方法研究

Kalman滤波方法是理论成熟和工程应用广泛的估计方法。但在工程实际中，因原始数据质量和各种初始条件的变化，Kalman滤波经常出现不收敛的现象，尽管理论上有许多克服滤波发散的机制，但工程应用效果并不明显。本文从数据残差入手，提出了改进增益矩阵的滤波方法。经仿真计算证明，该方法有效的解决了滤波发散问题，并极大的提高了估计精度。     

一种利用辅助序列的PN序列捕捉系统

提出一种利用辅助序列进行PN序列捕捉的闭环系统,利用辅助序列估计本地PN序列与接收信号的相位差和方向,从而减小捕获时间。     

Keeping Ma’at: An astronomical approach to the orientation of the temples in ancient Egypt

For various reasons, Archaeoastronomy has not been one of the favourite disciplines of the Egyptologists in the past. Probably because of that, important questions such as the orientation of Egyptian temples and the relevance of astronomy in this respect had never been afforded with the necessary seriousness and deepness. The Egyptian–Spanish Mission for the Archaeoastronomy of ancient Egypt has, among its various priorities, the solution of this problem. In order to achieve that, we have measured the orientation of some 330 temples in the Valley, the Delta, the Oases and the Sinai so far. The aim is to find a correct and almost definitive answer to the question of whether the ancient Egyptian sacred constructions were astronomically aligned or not. Our data seem to answer this question in the affirmative sense. Besides, they offer a very interesting new perspective in the field of landscape archaeology, a new discipline hardly worked in Egypt so far, in which terrestrial landscape, dominated by the Nile, and celestial landscape, dominated by the sun and the stars, would combine in order to permit the establishment of Ma’at, the Cosmic Order, on Earth.