一种用于纳型卫星在轨分离释放装置的设计

针对纳型卫星分离载荷的在轨分离释放需求,给出弹簧式分离释放装置的设计方案,解决国际上的商用现货产品不适用于这种非标准质量体积比的纳型卫星的问题.设计的分离释放装置能承载体积6 U(1 Unit即1 dm3体积),质量10 kg的分离载荷.由设计要求出发,给出包括中心承力构架、分离释放机构和对接环的方案,进行结构模态分析和过载分析.最后给出两两对称分离的在轨分离释放过程.结构设计结果表明该方案能满足一般的运载发射要求.该设计为任务的实施提供了有效可行的解决方案.     

BP神经网络反演核事故源项中重要参数的研究

核事故发生时,可靠、准确的源项信息能为应急防护行动措施决策提供数据支持。采用Matlab软件神经网络工具箱可以实现基于BP神经网络的核事故源项反演,为提高核事故源项反演计算的准确度,针对反演时的几个重要参数进行研究,包括隐含层节点数、训练函数、学习率和隐含层数。研究结果表明,在单隐含层神经网络结构情况下,存在着最优隐含层节点数,综合考虑训练时间和误差,本文选取隐含层节点数为50来对其他参数影响进行进一步研究;在相同参数设置条件下,训练函数Trainlm比Traingdm更适合数据量较小时的核事故源项反演,反演计算准确度更高,在节点数为50时训练时间缩短了近35%;高学习率以及双隐含层能有效地提高核事故源项反演的精度,但训练时间相对增加。     

行星探测车连杆式差动平衡机构设计及运动学分析

根据行星探测车移动系统连接车体与左右两侧悬架的支撑机构的设计要求,提出一种对称的空间连杆式差动平衡机构,合理的空间布置、较大的摇臂摆角范围和良好的线平均性使其在移动系统中的运用取得较好效果。首先分析了机构的输入输出关系,给出车体与摇臂位姿关系的表达式。然后运用旋转变换的方法建立该差动平衡机构车体与左右摇臂的俯仰角位移方程。再运用Pro/Mechanism仿真校验理论模型的正确性,并运用校验后的理论模型分析部分参数对该差动平衡机构摇臂摆角范围和线性均化特性的影响,求解球铰连杆上下球面副相对主平面和在主平面内的转角范围,为机构的结构设计和装配提供了依据。最后展示了该机构在6轮导杆联动式悬架上的应用。     

基于遥测数据的卫星在轨飞行温度仿真算法研究

研究一种基于遥测数据的卫星在轨飞行温度仿真计算方法,以卫星热控边界温度遥测参数作为仿真计算模型基准温度参数,挖掘星上设备温度与安装边界（热控边界）温度之间的数值定量关系,形成卫星温度关系数值矩阵。通过基准温度遥测数据与卫星温度关系数值矩阵之间数值运算,实现卫星在轨飞行温度仿真预计,计算误差小于2.5℃。     

Aerodynamic design of tractor propeller for high-performance distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.     

Full blended blade and endwall design of a compressor cascade

In the current state-of-the-art, high-loss flow in the endwall significantly influences compressor performance. Therefore, the control of endwall corner separation in compressor blade rows is important to consider. Based on the previous research of the Blended Blade and EndWall (BBEW) technique, which can significantly reduce corner separation, in combination with a non-axisymmetric endwall, the full-BBEW technique is proposed in this study to further reduce the separation in endwall region. The principle of the unchanged axial passage area is considered to derive the geometric method for this technique. Three models are further classified based on different geometric characteristics of this technique: the BBEW model, Inclining-Only EndWall (IOEW) model, and full-BBEW model. The most effective design of each model is then found by performing several optimizations at the design point and related numerical investigations over the entire operational conditions. Compared with the prototype, the total pressure loss coefficient decreases by 7%–9% in the optimized full-BBEW at the design point. Moreover, the aerodynamic blockage coefficient over the entire operational range decreases more than the other models, which shows its positive effect for diffusion. This approach has a larger decrease at negative incidence angles where the intersection of the boundary layer plays an important role in corner separation. The analysis shows that the blended blade profile enlarges the dihedral angle and creates a span-wise pressure gradient to move low momentum fluid towards the mainstream. Furthermore, the inclining hub geometry accelerates the accumulated flow in the corner downstream by increasing the pressure gradient. Overall, though losses in the mainstream grow, especially for large incidences, the full-BBEW technique effectively reduces the separation in corners.     

中国月球与深空探测有效载荷技术的成就与展望

有效载荷是实现科学目标最直接的工具,其技术手段和水平影响科学目标的可实现程度。简要回顾了中国月球与深空探测的科学目标与有效载荷配置。介绍了"嫦娥1号"和"嫦娥2号"月球环绕探测器中采用的CCD立体相机、干涉式成像光谱仪、激光高度计、微波探测仪、伽马射线谱仪、X射线谱仪、太阳风粒子探测仪、高能粒子探测仪等遥感探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。同时,也介绍了"嫦娥3号"月球着陆器和巡视器中采用的地形地貌相机、月基光学望远镜、极紫外相机、红外成像光谱仪、粒子激发X射线谱仪、测月雷达等就位和巡视探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。分析了有效载荷技术的发展趋势,展望了我国未来有效载荷技术的发展。     

环月轨道交会的载人登月任务轨道与窗口规划

针对环月轨道(Low Lunar Orbit,LLO)共面交会支持的"人货分离"载人登月任务,提出了一种任务窗口与轨道一体化规划方法。分析了基于LLO共面交会的"人货分离"载人登月任务的基本流程和工程约束;针对任务各阶段窗口与轨道求解问题,提出了以动力下降时刻为迭代初值的窗口规划策略,并建立了高精度模型下的环月轨道、双二体模型下的人员和货物运输轨道规划模型。以载人月球探测中国科学家命名的环形山为假想背景,给出仿真实例,仿真结果验证了文章所提方法的正确性,为探月工程任务提供了一种有效的窗口与轨道设计工具。     

面向绕月交会对接的同波束VLBI研究

针对"嫦娥5号"(CE-5)探测器间高精度相对测量需求,设计了我国深空干涉测量处理中心框架下的同波束VLBI处理算法,分析了X波段同波束VLBI相位解模糊条件和结果;通过引入群时延辅助的相位干涉技术,大幅抑制了干涉时延随机误差,为同波束VLBI中相位解模糊提供了先验条件;利用CE-5对接实测数据验证了本文工作的有效性,为CE-5任务同波束VLBI的实施奠定了基础。     

发动机流量测控设备校准系统设计与实现

为了验证发动机流量测控设备的准确性和可靠性,本文建立一套流量测控设备的校准系统,实现对发动机流量测控设备进行校准。完成了发动机流量测控设备校准系统的不确定度分析,设计了校准系统中的关键硬件系统,开发了校准系统软件系统,从而实现对发动机流量测控设备的自动控制和校准,该校准系统具有配置灵活和操作简单的特点。