电激励因素影响合成射流的实验研究

设计了合成射流双膜激励器及实验测试系统。采用热线风速仪对激励器出口下游不同点的速度进行测量并分析合成射流的发展演化，对电激励因素即激励电压幅值、频率及信号波形对合成射流的影响进行试验和分析，对激励器在不同激励频率下启动工作时合成射流的响应及建立时间进行了考察。     

喉衬热环境与碳/碳复合材料的烧蚀

在分析固体火箭发动机喷管喉衬热环境与碳/碳复合材料烧蚀行为的基础上，从材料的角度讨论了影响碳/碳复合材料烧蚀性能的因素。结果表明：碳/碳复合材料的烧蚀是受喉衬复杂燃气环境众多因素共同作用的结果，主要的烧蚀效应有碳的升华、表面异相化学反应以及机械侵蚀；影响碳／碳复合材料烧蚀性能的材料本体特性有纤维特性、预制件结构、材料密度、孔隙、基体碳的种类、石墨化度、杂质，其中部分因素存在交互影响的作用。     

微裂纹前缘应力强度因子的多元回归分析

根据文[1]计算的应力强度因子(SIFs)的近似值，利用逐步回归分析方法，对厚壁和薄壁的管道进行了考查，建立了应力强度因子与参数α、ξ、K1(a)中n的回归模型，得到了令人满意的结果，并将拟合和预测值与其他作者的结果作了比较。计算机结果表明，这种方法是可行的。     

影响中国北方航空公司员工工作积极性的因素分析

激发人的积极性,发掘人的潜能和价值,是人力资源管理的关键。通过对中国北方航空公司值机部门人员进行了问卷调查分析,找出影响员工工作积极性的显著因素,关尝试运用需要层次理论、期望理论、公平理论以及领导理论等,对如何激发员工的工作积极性进行了探讨,提出了一些建议。     

论电子商务的特征及其发展趋势

从电子商务的内涵出发 ,指出了电子商务具有主动性、风险性等特征 ;在分析影响电子商务的有利因素和不利因素的基础上 ,阐明了电子商务的发展趋势。     

装备研制项目的模糊挣值管理方法

由于装备研制项目广泛存在着技术风险,其预算成本难以用确定数描述,而现有挣值管理技术通常用确定数描述项目费用基线,忽视了项目的技术风险因素。为此,将技术风险引入挣值管理(EVM)方法,提出了一种装备研制项目的模糊挣值管理(FEVM)改进方法。该方法充分考虑了装备研制中的技术风险问题,利用技术成熟度(TRL)对项目计划成本进行估算,在此基础上,利用模糊数学理论,给出了一种基于可能度的高风险项目的成本和进度的模糊评价标准,并对项目的完工成本(ECC)和完工时间(ECT)进行了模糊预测。最后,通过案例对文中的方法进行了阐述。该方法针对装备研制项目技术风险大的特点,进一步拓展了挣值管理的适用性,对于决策者控制风险、保证项目的费用和进度具有一定指导意义和参考价值。     

强迫对流下硼颗粒燃烧特性影响因素研究

针对冲压发动机燃烧室内强迫对流下的硼颗粒燃烧特性展开了系统研究,考虑气相流动、扩散和表面单步有限化学反应动力作用,建立了强迫对流下硼颗粒燃烧过程的物理和数学模型;采用有限体积法求解含多组分反应流的二维轴对称Navier-Stokes方程,并验证了数值仿真方法的正确性。首先通过数值仿真研究了来流速度、颗粒半径、环境中氧气质量分数和环境压力等因素对硼颗粒燃烧特性的影响,并对其成因展开了详细分析。研究表明,在强迫对流作用下,硼颗粒总的燃烧质量流率和质量流率通量均随来流速度、颗粒半径、环境中氧气质量分数和环境压力的增加而增大。通过深入分析发现,强迫对流下硼颗粒的燃烧质量流率通量随着来流雷诺数的增加而增大。然后基于大量数值仿真结果,对相对静止气氛下的硼颗粒质量流率通量进行了修正,用于描述强迫对流下的硼颗粒燃烧特性。     

An integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach to analyze human factors in aviation accidents

Human factors are critical causes of modern aviation accidents. However, existing accident analysis methods encounter limitations in addressing aviation human factors, especially in complex accident scenarios. The existing graphic approaches are effective for describing accident mechanisms within various categories of human factors, but cannot simultaneously describe inadequate human–aircraft–environment interactions and organizational deficiencies effectively, and highly depend on analysts' skills and experiences. Moreover, the existing methods do not emphasize latent unsafe factors outside accidents. This paper focuses on the above three limitations and proposes an integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach. A new graphic model named accident tree(AcciTree), with a two-mode structure and a reaction-based concept, is developed for accident modeling and safety defense identification. The AcciTree model is then integrated with the well-established human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS) to enhance both reliability of the graphic part and logicality of the taxonomic part for improving completeness of analysis. An associative hazard analysis technique is further put forward to extend analysis to factors outside accidents, to form extended safety requirements for proactive accident prevention. Two crash examples, a research flight demonstrator by our team and an industrial unmanned aircraft, illustrate that the integrated approach is effective for identifying more unsafe factors and safety requirements.     

Human factors quantification via boundary identification of flight performance margin

A systematic methodology including a computational pilot model and a pattern recognition method is presented to identify the boundary of the flight performance margin for quantifying the human factors. The pilot model is proposed to correlate a set of quantitative human factors which represent the attributes and characteristics of a group of pilots. Three information processing components which are influenced by human factors are modeled： information perception, decision making, and action execution. By treating the human factors as stochastic variables that follow appropriate probability density functions, the effects of human factors on flight performance can be investigated through Monte Carlo（MC） simulation. Kernel density estimation algorithm is selected to find and rank the influential human factors. Subsequently, human factors are quantified through identifying the boundary of the flight performance margin by the k-nearest neighbor（k-NN） classifier. Simulation-based analysis shows that flight performance can be dramatically improved with the quantitative human factors.     

基于四面体单元的三维裂纹自动化建模

三维裂纹前缘布置结构化网格是一项耗时且困难的工作。以二次四面体单元虚拟裂纹闭合法（VC‐CM）为基础,提出基于几何特征的三维裂纹建模方法,阐述应用四面体单元在ABAQUS上进行三维裂纹建模的实现细节;应用Python编程语言结合NumPy和SciPy开源科学计算库开发参数化三维裂纹分析程序包,实现三维裂纹问题分析的全流...