硅橡胶基防热涂层动态烧蚀行为及机理研究

针对两种典型硅橡胶基防热涂层开展高温燃气流烧蚀实验，通过对烧蚀后涂层的宏观及微观形貌分析，探讨了其防隔热机理及烧蚀模型。研究结果表明：烧蚀后两种涂层均存在液态层、陶瓷层、热解层以及原始层；烧蚀过程中甲基苯基硅橡胶涂层主要发生主链“回咬”成环反应，导致树脂基体交联密度降低，力学性能下降，涂层外表面发生开裂，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层则主要发生侧基交联反应，使树脂基体交联密度上升，促进涂层发生陶瓷化转变；热辐射、热容吸热、热解反应吸热以及热阻塞效应为四种主要的热耗散机制，质量损失产生的原因主要包括反应气体释放以及气动剪切力导致的机械剥蚀。     

旋翼实度对悬停效率影响的试验研究

着重就旋翼实度对悬停效率的影响进行了试验研究。首先分析了悬停效率与旋翼实度之间的影响关系，然后介绍了试验研究采用的方法和所取得的试验结果，给出了不同实度时旋翼拉力与总距、悬停效率与总距、悬停效率与拉力系数以及悬停效率与单位桨叶面积拉力系数的关系曲线。对试验结果的分析表明，试验方法合理，结果可靠，可供旋翼设计时参考。     

超薄碳纤维预浸料复合材料国内外发展现状和趋势

超薄碳纤维预浸料复合材料是近年来复合材料研究的新趋势,国内超薄碳纤维预浸料复合材料的相关研究起步较晚,研究方向单一,系统地总结归纳有助于未来研究方向的调整与研究目的的明确.本文综述了2000年至今国内外大部分超薄碳纤维预浸料与常规碳纤维预浸料复合材料的对比试验,包括无损拉伸试验、开孔拉伸试验、无损压缩试验、机械连接试验、冲击试验、疲劳试验以及环境影响等,通过对比分析认为:薄层化后的预浸料复合材料在抗裂纹萌发和裂纹扩展方面具有显著的性能优势,从而影响了碳纤维预浸料复合材料成品的各项性能参数,表明超薄碳纤维预浸料复合材料优异的应用前景.     

大型民用飞机偏离特性与尾旋敏感性分析

为了研究某常规布局大型民用飞机的偏离特性与尾旋敏感性,在CARDC的FL-14水平风洞(Φ3. 2m)中进行了飞机模型的大迎角静态测力试验。通过对试验结果的充分挖掘,利用一系列的稳定性判据进行分析,获得了飞机的大致初始偏离迎角和偏离区间,并预测了飞机的尾旋敏感性。     

轴压开口圆柱薄壳屈曲分析与试验

开口圆柱薄壳结构的轴向承载能力和稳定性分析是空间薄壁管式伸展机构(STEM,Storable Tubular Extendable Member)设计的关键问题之一.基于特征值屈曲分析方法,研究了轴压铍青铜开口圆柱薄壳结构在两端固支条件下的屈曲载荷与设计参数间的关系,利用幂函数拟合的方法建立了一种轴压开口圆柱薄壳屈曲载荷模型.通过铍青铜开口圆柱薄壳轴向压缩试验对特征值屈曲分析和所建立的轴压开口圆柱薄壳屈曲载荷模型进行了验证.结果表明:特征值屈曲分析方法可用于各向同性材料开口圆柱薄壳结构在两端固支条件下的轴向承载能力与稳定性分析;使用轴压开口圆柱薄壳屈曲载荷模型计算各向同性材料的开口圆柱薄壳在两端固支条件下受轴压作用时的屈曲载荷,最大误差为21%.     

Anthropogenic trigger of substorms and energetic particles precipitations

The high-frequency (HF) emission in near-Earth space from various powerful transmitters (radio communications, radars, broadcasting, universal time and navigation stations, etc.) form an integral part of the modern world that it cannot do without. In particular, special-purpose research facilities equipped with powerful HF transmitters are used successfully for plasma experiments and local modification of the ionosphere. In this work, we are using the results of a complex space-ground experiment to show that exposure of the subauroral region to HF emission can not only cause local changes in the ionosphere, but can also trigger processes in the magnetosphere–ionosphere system that result in intensive substorm activity (precipitations of high-energy particles, aurorae, significant variations in the ionospheric parameters and, as a consequence, in radio propagation conditions).     

Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control

Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine.     

Reconnection and fast particle production in tokamak and solar plasmas

Detailed in situ studies of magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration, which play a crucial role in the release and redistribution of energy in solar flares, can be performed in tokamak plasmas under conditions resembling those of the flaring solar corona. Recent measurements and modelling of fast particle production during reconnection events in the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) are described. Specifically, observations in this device of electron acceleration during edge localised modes, and of both ion and electron acceleration during merging-compression plasma start-up, are presented, and possible implications of these studies for particle acceleration in flares are discussed. The results from MAST lend weight to the conjecture that large numbers of ions are accelerated to sub-MeV energies in flares.     

电类基础课理论教学与实验改革的研究与实现

采用传统方法与仿真相结合,改革从理论教学到实验教材、实验条件、实验内容以及实验教学模式,开放实验室,用综合性的手段来调动学生的学习主动性和积极性,其效果丰富了教与学的内涵,促进了学生综合素质的培养。