Prediction of nonlinear pilot-induced oscillation using an intelligent human pilot model

This paper proposes a method to predict nonlinear Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO) using an intelligent human pilot model. This method is based on a scalogram-based PIO metric, which uses wavelet transforms to analyze the nonlinear characteristics of a time-varying system. The intelligent human pilot model includes three modules: perception module, decision and adaptive module, and execution module. Intelligent and adaptive features, including a neural network receptor, fuzzy decision and adaptation, are also introduced into the human pilot model to describe the behavior of the human pilot accommodating the nonlinear events. Furthermore, an algorithm is proposed to describe the procedure of the PIO prediction method with nonlinear evaluation cases. The prediction results obtained by numerical simulation are compared with the assessments of flight test data to validate the utility of the method. The flight test data were generated in the evaluation of the Smart-Cue/Smart-Gain, which is capable of reducing the PIO tendencies considerably. The results show that the method can be applied to predict the nonlinear PIO events by human pilot model simulation.     

火星进入器作强迫震荡运动壁面脉动压力数值模拟

为研究超声速阶段进入器作强迫震荡运动对壁面脉动压力环境的影响规律，本文耦合进入器刚体运动方程与流体力学方程，采用动网格技术，对火星进入器模型开展非定常数值模拟，获取壁面不同位置处的脉动压力信息。研究表明：在超声速阶段，进入器作强迫震荡运动诱导的脉动压力远大于进入器保持相对静止时仅由非定常流动诱导的脉动压力。来流马赫数为1.2时，进入器作强迫震荡运动对脱体激波影响较小，脱体激波强度较弱且形态变化较小，攻角的震荡导致同一测点距离脱体激波的位置发生周期性改变，舱体迎风面及配平翼迎风面的脉动压力环境主要受攻角变化的影响；来流马赫数为3时，进入器作强迫震荡运动对脱体激波的影响较大，脱体激波震荡剧烈，诱导舱体迎风面及配平翼迎风面产生极其恶劣的脉动压力环境，功率谱分析表明激波震荡诱导的脉动压力能量主要集中在30 Hz左右。     

舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场数值模拟研究

倾转旋翼机是当前旋翼飞行器研究的热点,但有关舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场的研究还很少。以两栖攻击舰(LHA)和V-22"鱼鹰"倾转旋翼机为研究对象,基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和SST k-ω湍流模型对舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场进行数值模拟研究,并探讨了不同着舰高度时机/舰耦合流场的相互作用。结果表明:倾转旋翼尾流会与舰船脱落涡、甲板舷涡以及舰岛艉涡发生较强的"涡-涡干扰"现象,加大了耦合流场的湍流强度;舰船流场的低频非稳态特征会导致旋翼桨盘气动载荷发生显著的波动,不利于飞行操纵;垂直降落过程中,舰船甲板会形成"前低后高"的压力分布特征,倾转旋翼RMS气动载荷值也会明显增加,降低了着舰安全性,且右旋翼RMS气动载荷值比左旋翼平均大一倍以上,这也表明右旋翼面临着更加严峻的气动环境。     

三角形截面高柔结构横风向振动的风洞试验研究

本文介绍了正三角形截面高柔结构模型在均匀流场和湍流场中三种迎角下的横风向风振响应风洞试验结果，分析了三角形截面高柔结构的横风向涡激振动现象与驰振危险性，获得了一些数据和结论。     

燃油附件耐火试验温度场数值模拟与验证

为了准确预测耐火试验过程中航空发动机燃油附件的热场分布,提出了1种等效火焰建模方法建立相应的流固耦合传热模型,并对着火条件下试验件的工作特性进行数值模拟,分析了流动传热的机理,得到3维计算域的稳态温度场分布。对该试验件开展着火验证试验,监测了局部温度参数。仿真与试验结果的对比分析表明:仿真所得热场结构分布合理,局部温度值与试验结果吻合较好,该方法能准确地模拟火焰与试验件间的传热特性,可为航空发动机燃油附件的耐火设计提供参考。     

Nonlinear Aeroelastic Response of High-aspect-ratio Flexible Wings

The aeroelastic analysis of high-altitude, long-endurance (HALE) aircraft that features high-aspect-ratio flexible wings needs take into account structural geometrical nonlinearities and dynamic stall. For a generic nonlinear aeroelastic system, besides the stability boundary, the characteristics of the limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) should also be accurately predicted. In order to conduct nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of high-aspect-ratio flexible wings, a first-order, state-space model is developed by combining a geometrically exact, nonlinear anisotropic beam model with nonlinear ONERA (Edlin) dynamic stall model. The present investigations focus on the initiation and sustaining mechanism of the LCO and the effects of flight speed and drag on aeroelastic behaviors. Numerical results indicate that structural geometrical nonlinearities could lead to the LCO without stall occurring. As flight speed increases, dynamic stall becomes dominant and the LCO increasingly complicated. Drag could be negligible for LCO type, but should be considered to exactly predict the onset speed of flutter or LCO of high-aspect-ratio flexible wings.     

Supersonic flow over a pitching delta wing using surface pressure measurements and numerical simulations

Experimental and numerical methods were applied to investigating high subsonic and supersonic flows over a 60° swept delta wing in fixed state and pitching oscillation.Static pressure coefficient distributions over the wing leeward surface and the hysteresis loops of pressure coefficient versus angle of attack at the sensor locations were obtained by wind tunnel tests.Similar results were obtained by numerical simulations which agreed well with the experiments.Flow structure around the wing was also demonstrated by the numerical simulation.Effects of Mach number and angle of attack on pressure distribution curves in static tests were investigated.Effects of various oscillation parameters including Mach number, mean angle of attack, pitching amplitude and frequency on hysteresis loops were investigated in dynamic tests and the associated physical mechanisms were discussed.Vortex breakdown phenomenon over the wing was identified at high angles of attack using the pressure coefficient curves and hysteresis loops, and its effects on the flow features were discussed.     

轮胎参数对双轮式起落架刹车耦合振动影响研究

目前对飞机起落架低频刹车耦合振动问题的研究主要停留在考虑轮胎参数影响的起落架纵向单自由度振动特性分析，对于多自由度低频刹车耦合振动的特性研究不足。基于Simcenter 3D 动力学分析软件建立双轮支柱式起落架刚柔耦合整机滑跑刹车分析模型，研究轮胎竖向刚度和侧偏刚度对双轮支柱式起落架低频刹车纵向、横向和扭转的多自由度耦合振动的影响。结果表明：轮胎的竖向刚度对起落架横向和扭转方向上的振动影响较大，轮胎竖向刚度变化33%，横向和扭转方向上的振动变化5% 左右；轮胎的侧偏刚度对起落架低频刹车横向上的振动影响较大，轮胎侧偏刚度变化33%，横向上的振动变化15% 左右。     

天文观测相机的视频处理电路的设计

在讨论传统的天文观测相机视频处理方式的基础上,设计了以高集成度的专用CCD视频信号处理芯片TDA8783为核心的相机视频处理电路方案.对所设计的视频处理电路进行了软硬件联调测试,仿真和实验的结果表明,电路系统运行稳定,噪声低,方案对后续观测相机系统的小型化具有较好的参考意义.     

基于流场/声爆耦合伴随方程的超声速公务机声爆优化

基于自主研发的大规模并行结构化网格CFD求解器PMB3D以及并行化伴随方程求解器PADJ3D，开展了流场/声爆伴随方程的求解研究。首先采用标准算例，对内部CFD代码PMB3D软件和声爆预测代码进行了声爆计算可信度验证，以及声爆强度对近场声压梯度的校核。针对并行环境下多块对接网格的近场声压提取操作的复杂性，提出了"包围盒"的方法实现并行环境下近场声压装配单元编号、网格块编号以及对应的进程编号确定，基于声爆计算坐标将并行传递的数据进行一维排序，为声爆预测、伴随方程以及梯度求解提供输入条件。通过线性插值雅克比矩阵实现均匀坐标系梯度信息向非均匀坐标转换，并进一步根据结构化网格特征提出了插值原则，简化了近场声压转换雅克比矩阵的变分。通过装配单元记录，实现声爆强度对流场守恒变量的变分结果向各个进程装配，将装配结果作为流场伴随方程的右端项实现流场声爆耦合伴随方程的求解。此外，对小型超声速公务机开展了声爆优化，对比分析了设计前后的声压及其频谱特性。