等离子-物理气相沉积硅/莫来石/硅酸镱环境障涂层的高温防护和耐热冲击性能研究

通过SiCf/SiC复合材料表面等离子喷涂(APS)硅黏结层和莫来石中间层,等离子-物理气相沉积(PS-PVD)制备硅酸镱面层,喷涂的整个环境障涂层体系组织致密,PS-PVD工艺制备的硅酸镱为层状结构,孔隙率＜1％.研究了 SiCf/SiC复合材料环境障涂层的抗静态氧化、循环氧化、水汽腐蚀和热冲击性能,发现复合材料表面...     

基于威布尔分布的C-T曲线通用性分析

为研究载荷谱、恒幅应力水平及裂纹尺寸对疲劳寿命预腐蚀影响系数C(T)的影响,建立了基于疲劳寿命服从威布尔分布的C(T)对比法.地面停放预腐蚀对结构疲劳寿命的影响规律可以用C-T曲线表示,当预腐蚀疲劳寿命位于长寿命段,常假定其服从威布尔分布,C(T)为预腐蚀后和未腐蚀结构特征寿命的比值.取预腐蚀疲劳寿命分布函数的形状参数为材料常数,采用极大似然方法估计特征寿命,得到其分布特性,从而建立了C(T)估计量的分布特性,构造了不同环境下的C(T)统计对比法,用于C-T曲线通用性分析. 试验数据分析表明,当取疲劳寿命服从威布尔分布时,C-T曲线与载荷谱、应力水平及裂纹尺寸基本无关.     

橡胶软油箱材料对铝合金腐蚀的影响研究

选择橡胶软油箱外层的橡胶材料及防老化涂层材料与7A04 T6包铝及去包铝、7B04 T6包铝及去包铝合金进行接触腐蚀试验。试验结果表明软油箱中对铝合金腐蚀产生直接影响的非金属材料为橡胶防老化涂层,并确定了四种橡胶防老化涂层材料的腐蚀敏感性顺序;通过对橡胶防老化涂层进行的EDS分析以及涂层浸泡液的pH值变化及氯离子含量研究,认为橡胶防老化涂层中对铝合金腐蚀产生影响的主要成分为氯离子和金属氧化物。     

海运及沿海发射期间航天产品的腐蚀风险与应对策略

海南发射场投入运行在即,在此发射的航天器在海运和发射场期间将面临着腐蚀的风险。文章对比了海南发射场与酒泉、西昌、太原等内陆发射场的腐蚀环境差异,例举了NASA肯尼迪航天中心在海运和发射场期间航天产品的腐蚀案例,分析了我国未来航天器在海运和海南发射场期间的腐蚀风险,并根据NASA、ESA对沿海发射场航天器腐蚀的应对策略,提出了相应的防腐蚀建议与措施。     

高强度钢表面镀锌、镉层加速腐蚀试验研究

通过模拟海洋大气环境所设计的中性盐雾、加速盐雾、多因子复合3种加速腐蚀试验方法,考察了高强度钢表面镀锌、镉层的腐蚀性能与特点,并将实验室加速试验结果与厦门海洋大气腐蚀结果进行了相关性分析。研究结果表明:中性盐雾试验对镀锌层具有一定的加速腐蚀效应,对镀镉层的腐蚀则比较缓慢,而且与海洋大气环境的腐蚀结果相关性差;采用含有Cl^-,SO^2-₃,NO^-₃,SO^2-₄,pH等环境成分因子的加速盐雾试验,对镀镉、镀锌层具有较好的加速腐蚀效应,且镀锌层腐蚀结果与海洋大气环境腐蚀具有一定的相关性;多因子复合加速腐蚀试验方法将SO₂气氛、湿热、紫外线照射、加速盐雾等环境因子引入试验,明显加快了镀锌、镀镉层的腐蚀速度,且镀锌层腐蚀结果与海洋大气环境的腐蚀结果存在着对应的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9889,与厦门外场腐蚀环境具有较好的相关性。     

Understanding stress corrosion cracking behavior of 7085-T7651 aluminum alloy in polluted atmosphere

The electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) behaviors of 7085-T7651 aluminum alloy in different environments are studied by electrochemical and mechanical testing. The research shows that the type, concentration of the corrosive medium and electrolyte state affect the electrochemical and SCC controlling processes of aluminum alloys. The Thin Electrolyte Layer (TEL) state and the addition of HSO₃^– increase the corrosion rate and SCC susceptibility. The presence of HSO₃^– in a corrosive environment can significantly accelerate the corrosion rate and mechanical property degradation, and this effect increases with the increase of HSO₃^– concentration. Compared with the solution environment, the TEL environment will further aggravate corrosion and mechanical property degradation. With the increase of HSO₃^– concentration, the pH of the corrosive environment exhibits little change, while the SCC degradation is significantly promoted. This is attributed to the HSO₃^– induced buffer effect and film-assisted stress effect, yielding the overshadowing effect against solution pH.     

Stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloy with an artificial pit exposed to a 30vol% HNO3 solution

This paper experimentally studied the stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys with prefabricated pits in 30vol% HNO₃. The microstructure was observed and determined by the scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy. The typical corrosion features, i.e., regular or irregular corrosion pits and sub/intergranular corrosion, were investigated, and the role of stress were analyzed. The statistical results of the number and area of corrosion pits in various sizes were studied using an improved image processing method. Experimental results demonstrate that stress affects the intergranular corrosion or sub-intergranular corrosion of the alloy most, and promotes them to evolve into cracks under stress corrosion. Stress also plays a role in accelerating corrosion severity of certain corrosion feature. The number of corrosion pits with an area of 0–50 μm² can be seen as an index to reflect the degree of corrosion. Besides, a corrosion phenomenon, i.e., the pit bottom in the site with the maximum stress locally suffering from no severe corrosion, was observed and discussed.     

铣削参数对7055-T6铝合金耐腐蚀性的影响

文摘研究了铣削工艺参数对切削力、表面粗糙度、轮廓与形貌、自腐蚀电位和电流密度的影响。结果表明:随着切削速度的增大,切削力与表面粗糙度呈现先增大后减小再增大的变化规律;随着轴向切深的增加,切削力与表面粗糙度都呈增大的趋势;铣削后刀面对已加工表面的挤压改善了铝合金的腐蚀性能;切削转速为4 000 r/min,轴向切深为0.25 mm时,加工表面耐腐蚀性能最优;在较大的轴向切深下,已加工表面易产生微裂纹,而导致腐蚀加剧。     

基于微观结构的航空铝合金点蚀扩展行为研究

点蚀是航空铝合金材料在服役环境下常见的损伤形式,在疲劳载荷作用下容易形成裂纹,缩短结构的疲劳寿命。为了深入研究点蚀对航空铝合金结构腐蚀疲劳寿命的影响,基于铝合金电化学腐蚀机理和铝合金微观结构,以点蚀蚀坑尺寸为研究参量,对航空铝合金点蚀扩展行为进行建模研究,并将模型计算结果与LY12CZ铝合金点蚀试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明:所构建的铝合金点蚀扩展模型较为合理地反映了铝合金点蚀蚀坑尺寸参数的变化规律。