涡轮叶片的多学科设计优化系统

建立了一个全三维涡轮叶片的一体化多学科设计优化系统, 并对某叶片进行涉及五学科的设计优化分析.在此优化系统中, 采用5次多项式方法进行三维涡轮叶片的参数化建模, 单元线性插值法完成学科间载荷信息的传递, 多岛遗传算法及二次序列规划法联合进行整个优化问题的寻优.实例分析结果表明, 一体化优化使涡轮叶片性能得到明显提高, 所建系统稳定、高效, 具有应用于工程实践的可行性及可靠性.      

电磁式跟踪器磁场畸变的姿态校正技术

电磁式跟踪器可以测量物体的位置和姿态,但其测量精度也容易受金属环境干扰。本文根据电磁跟踪器的工作原理,给出了电磁式跟踪器姿态校正的模型,讨论了两种不同的姿态校正实现方法:插值法和拟合法,比较了两种方法的优缺点。最后,对某一金属环境进行了畸变姿态校正的试验,给出了3个不同的姿态实际值和在此金属环境下的畸变和校正结果。试验结果表明本文提出的姿态校正算法能很好地补偿金属环境引起的电磁式跟踪器姿态的畸变。     

一种适合于工程应用的准C~1连续Bézier三角曲面及其构造方法

本文比较系统地讨论了Clough-Tocher三角形分割模型在Bézier三角曲面设计中的作用。并从工程应用的角度提出了一种以Clough-Tocher分割为基础,旨在原三角形区域上构造9参数Bézier三角曲面的新方法。这种新的9参数插值不仅能够消除Clough-Tother分割产生的畸变插值区域对插值曲面品质的影响,还能够有效地减轻一般9参数三次Bézier三角曲面片之间的尖端连接。本文将从工程应用的角度把这种插值曲面称为准C~1连续的9参数Bézier三角曲面。在一些实际应用中,这种准C~1连续的插值曲面对3D离散数据的拟合效果是令人满意的。     

一种基于模型的涡扇发动机容错控制策略

针对民用涡扇发动机,研究了一种基于模型的航空发动机容错控制策略.在发动机原有闭环控制系统的基础上,该策略对发动机各控制量进行容错控制修正,达到缓和甚至消除故障对控制系统影响的目的.针对民用涡扇发动机常见的高压压气机和高压涡轮性能退化故障,提出了以恢复发动机运行性能为目的的性能指标,通过遗传算法离线计算得到容错控制计划表,并利用插值计算实现在线容错控制.经仿真验证,该策略控制性能良好、实现简单.结果表明:在确保各温度限制不超标的情况下,受影响较大的增压级喘振裕度恢复至故障发生前的水平,同时风扇与高压压气机喘振裕度的降幅不超过5%,推力的降幅不超过3%.      

变壁厚气冷涡轮叶片结构参数化设计方法

叶片叶身截面内腔型线的光滑过渡是航空发动机变壁厚涡轮叶片结构设计的关键.为解决变壁厚插值在最大壁厚点处出现拐点而导致过渡不光滑的问题,提出变壁厚叶片结构设计方法即变壁厚抛物线插值法.该方法基于管道相交投影线拟合中弧线法,利用壁厚系数及其对应关系控制壁厚,实现变壁厚涡轮叶片结构参数化设计.设计实例结果表明:应用变壁厚抛物线插值法对不同壁厚气冷涡轮叶片进行结构设计,叶身截面内腔型线光滑,在最大壁厚点处不会出现拐点过渡.     

Numerical studies of static aeroelastic effects on grid fin aerodynamic performances

The grid fin is an unconventional control surface used on missiles and rockets. Although aerodynamics of grid fin has been studied by many researchers, few considers the aeroelastic effects.In this paper, the static aeroelastic simulations are performed by the coupled viscous computational fluid dynamics with structural flexibility method in transonic and supersonic regimes. The developed coupling strategy including fluid–structure interpolation and volume mesh motion schemes is based on radial basis functions. Results are presented for a vertical and a horizontal grid fin mounted on a body. Horizontal fin results show that the deformed fin is swept backward and the axial force is increased. The deformations also induce the movement of center of pressure, causing the reduction and reversal in hinge moment for the transonic flow and the supersonic flow,respectively. For the vertical fin, the local effective incidences are increased due to the deformations so that the deformed normal force is greater than the original one. At high angles of attack, both the deformed and original normal forces experience a sudden reduction due to the interference of leeward separated vortices on the fin. Additionally, the increment in axial force is shown to correlate strongly with the increment in the square of normal force.     

Synergistic use of multitemporal RAMP,ICESat and GPS to construct an accurate DEM of the Larsemann Hills region,Antarctica

An enhanced digital elevation model (DEM) of the Larsemann Hills region, east Antarctica, is constructed synergistically by using highly accurate ground-based GPS measurements, satellite-derived laser altimetry (GLAS/ICESat) and Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMPv2) DEM-based point elevation dataset. Our DEM has a vertical accuracy of about 1.5 times better than RAMPv2 DEM and seven times better than GLAS/ICESAT-based DEM. The accuracy is improved by validating the RAMPv2 DEM elevation by supplementing with GLAS/ICESat and DGPS survey data, when compared to that of DEM constructed by using GLAS/ICESat or RAMPv2 alone. With the use of accurate GPS data as ground control points reference elevations, the DEM extracted is much more accurate with least mean RMSE of 34.5 m than that constructed by using a combination of GLAS/ICESat and RAMPv2 as true reference. The newly constructed DEM 7 achieves highest accuracy with the least average elevation difference of 0.27 m calculated using 46 ground reference points. Available DEMs of Antarctic region generated by using radar altimetry and the Antarctic Digital Database indicate elevation variations in the range of 50–100 m, which necessitates the generation of local DEM and its validation by using ground truth. This is our first attempt of fusing multi-temporal, multi-sensor and multi-source elevation data to generate a DEM of any part of Antarctica, in order to address the ice elevation change to infer the ice mass balance. Our approach focuses on the strengths of each elevation data source to produce an accurate DEM.     

超精密车床数控系统软件的研制

介绍了HCM-I型超精密车床数控系统软件的功能及工作流程．详细分析了数控系统软件的关键技术，给出了相应技术的软件流程图.     

求解双曲型守恒律的高精度,无波动样条逼近有限体积方法

本文从三次样条逼近出发，提出了求解流体力学双曲型守恒律的一种高精度、无波动的数值方法。针对样条函数的特性，本文提出了一种新的通量限制技术，使该方法在光滑区可以达到四阶精度，在流动参数的空间分布出现拐点或极值点时分别退化为二阶或一阶精度的格式。数值实验表明，该方法对流场中的激波和接触间断有很高的分辨率，优于二阶精度的ＴＶＤ格式。     

二维流热耦合数值模拟程序及方法研究

本文发展了一套二维流热耦合数值模拟程序,流体域中采用结构化网格,固体域中采用非结构化网格,流体域和固体域耦合面上的网格为非匹配连接。为了使该程序能够同时模拟低速不可压流动,程序中还加入了预处理方法。此外,本文还发展了一种能较好保持通量守恒的界面插值技术,来处理流体域和固体域耦合面上的非匹配网格。数值计算结果与实验值或商业软件结果的对比表明:本程序中的预处理方法有效地改善了低速不可压流动下的计算收敛性和收敛精度,使本程序能够同时模拟高速和低速不可压流动;扩压器和叶栅的流热耦合计算表明本文程序在流热耦合计算方面具有较好的模拟能力,同时也表明本文发展的界面插值技术的可靠性。