多孔Si3 N4 表面Al-Y-Si-O-N 陶瓷涂层的制备和表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法,利用Al2O3-Y2O3-SiO2溶胶中氧化物与基体中的Si3N4颗粒反应制备一层致密A1-Y-Si-O-N陶瓷涂层.主要研究了烧结温度对陶瓷涂层的组织和性能的影响,利用XRD和EDS分析涂层的相组成和微区元素组成,通过SEM观察涂层的微观形貌.结果显示:在1 400℃烧结时,能够制备出较为致密的陶瓷涂层,涂层由β -siMon,Si2ON,SiO2和非晶相组成;与基体相比,试样的吸水率下降了32.8％～90％,强度提高了2.1％～25.9％.     

W 型钡铁氧体的研究进展

W型钡铁氧体具有吸波性能好、价格低廉的特点,因此,越来越引起广泛的重视和深入的研究。本文介绍了W型钡铁氧体BaMe2Fe16O27的主要制备方法,总结了Me为不同元素以及稀土离子掺杂时W型钡铁氧体的研究现状,展望了W型钡铁氧体未来的研究方向。     

Mechanical behaviour of adhesively single lap joint under buckling conditions

Adhesive Single Lap Joints have been subjected to tensile and bending investigations by many researchers. However, the joint is also likely to experience buckling loading in some aerospace applications. The aim of this work is to investigate the joint behaviour under quasi-static buckling conditions. For this purpose, the joints with three different adherend thicknesses and 25 mm overlap length were tested using two different types of adherends and an adhesive film. They were modelled using a non-linear Finite Element Method via the ABAQUS Explicit package programme. Load to failure and stress distributions in the joints were predicted and compared with the experimental results, which were found in a good agreement. The adhesive layer in the joint was assumed to experience shear stresses under the buckling mode, similar to that in tensile loading, yet, the stress concentrations at the ends of the overlap, the main cause of the failure, resulted in different effects on the joint performance; for the buckling mode the critical stresses were in compression but for the tensile case in peeling. Unlike the latter, the former was found to prevent failure of the layer depending on the adherend thickness, causing different failure mechanisms. There were two different failure modes of the joints; a complete failure in the adhesive layer and large plastic deformation of adherends which could be a good source for crashworthiness situations. Mechanical properties of the adherends were found to play important roles on the joint performance.     

系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性

能量吸收结构的性能对航空、航天等领域的人员和结构防护非常重要。针对一种系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性进行了理论、数值和实验研究。首先建立了考虑应变强化效应的系列嵌套圆环系统受刚性平板横向准静态压缩时的刚塑性理论模型;然后对双环和三环嵌套圆环系统进行了准静态压缩实验及有限元数值模拟,理论预测、数值模拟和实验测得的系列嵌套圆环系统的载荷-挠度曲线吻合很好;最后对将系列嵌套圆环系统应用到航空领域进行了探讨,以应用至航空座椅为例,建立了人体、座椅、能量吸收结构的数学模型,参照美国航空联邦局航空座椅动态实验标准,基于该模型计算得到了人体所受的腰椎负荷,并与不装备能量吸收结构时的腰椎负荷进行了比较,结果表明应用系列嵌套圆环系统可以有效地对人体进行防护。     

Anomalies in radiation-collisional kinetics of Rydberg atoms induced by the effects of dynamical chaos and the double Stark resonance

Radiative and collisional constants of excited atoms contain the matrix elements of the dipole transitions and when they are blocked one can expect occurring a number of interesting phenomena in radiation-collisional kinetics. In recent astrophysical studies of IR emission spectra it was revealed a gap in the radiation emitted by Rydberg atoms (RA  ) with values of the principal quantum number of n≈10$n\approx 10$. Under the presence of external electric fields a rearrangement of RA emission spectra is possible to associate with manifestations of the Stark effect. The threshold for electric field ionization of RA   is E≈3·10⁴$E\approx 3·{10}^4$ V/cm for states with n>10$n>10$. This means that the emission of RA   with n≥10$n\ge 10$ is effectively blocked for such fields. In the region of lower electric field intensities the double Stark resonance (or Förster resonance) becomes a key player. On this basis it is established the fact that the static magnetic or electric fields may strongly affect the radiative constants of optical transitions in the vicinity of the Föster resonance resulting, for instance, in an order of magnitude reduction of the intensity in some lines. Then, it is shown in this work that in the atmospheres of celestial objects lifetimes of comparatively long-lived RA states and intensities of corresponding radiative transitions can be associated with the effects of dynamic chaos via collisional ionization. The Föster resonance allows us to manipulate the random walk of the Rydberg electron (RE) in the manifold of quantum levels and hence change the excitation energies of RA, which lead to anomalies in the IR spectra.     

基于多波长激光吸收光谱技术的气体温度二维重建

激光吸收光谱技术在航空航天领域具有广泛的应用前景。文章利用多波长激光吸收光谱技术设计了气体温度二维重建系统,实现了燃烧场气体温度的二维重建,通过增加吸收谱线信息减少了投影个数。重建算法采用了遗传模拟退火结合序列二次规划(SQP)的混合算法,在实现全局寻优的同时提高了运算效率。建立了产物包含水的燃烧模型,利用8条水的近红外吸收谱线,对燃烧场温度进行了二维重建。通过在测量信息中添加不同比例的随机噪声,验证了算法的稳定性,并与双波长吸收法进行了对比。数值仿真实验结果表明,在低噪声环境下,两种方法的重建结果相当;但对于噪声较大的环境而言,多波长吸收法的重建效果更为稳定。     

利用TDLAS技术评估火箭基组合循环发动机试验性能

针对宽范围工作的火箭基组合循环（RBCC）发动机推力、比冲和燃烧效率等性能难以通过关键参数的实时测量直接计算的问题,提出利用可调谐二极管激光器吸收光谱（TDLAS）技术实现发动机燃气温度、H2O组分浓度和速度多参数同时实时在线非接触式激光光谱测量方法,搭建用于RBCC地面试验性能分析的时分复用-扫描波长TDLAS系统。通过试验获得的(7444.352+7444.371)/7185.597cm -1 谱线附近吸收光谱,从而得到燃气温度、H2O组分浓度和速度参数,并结合数值模拟方法确定的流场参数纵向分布,实现基于关键参数在线测量的发动机性能直接计算。该方法有助于评判燃烧组织和结构改变对发动机性能的影响。     

小型化TDLAS发动机测温系统的研究及进展

在吸气式发动机研究中,需要监测其进气道气流流场分布、燃烧室温度分布和燃烧产物浓度来验证燃烧室内的燃烧理论模型并最终改进发动机设计;同时,这些参数的实时获取还可以用来控制发动机工作状态以实现燃烧效率优化。TDLAS(可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱)技术具有结构紧凑、响应快速、灵敏度高和非入侵式测量等优点,在高温、高速和剧烈振动等恶劣工作环境下可实现随机飞行的发动机测量,因此被国外多家研究机构采用。调研了高超声速燃烧发动机研究项目 HIFiRE及其在传感器小型化方面所采用的技术手段,介绍已有的小型化设计思路和取得的进展。已集成的小型化系统体积为30×15×10cm3,重量<5kg,功耗<10W。经验证,该系统可在发动机地面试验条件下稳定工作,给未来随发动机飞行的小型化测温系统设计提供了参考。     

Response regimes of narrow-band stochastic excited linear oscillator coupled to nonlinear energy sink

This paper draws attention to the issue of the vibration absorption of nonlinear mechanical system coupled to nonlinear energy sink(NES) under the impact of the narrow band stochastic excitation. Firstly, based on the complex-averaging method and frequency detuning methodology,response regimes of oscillators have been researched under the linear impact of coupling a nonlinear attachment with less relativistic mass and an external sinusoidal forcing, of which results turn out that the quasi-periodicity response regime of system which occurs when the external excitation amplitude exceeds the critical values will be the precondition of the targeted energy transfer.Secondly, basing on the path integration method, vibration suppression of NES has been researched when it is affected by a main oscillator with a narrow band stochastic force in the form of trigonometric functions, of which results show that response regimes are affected by the amplitude of stochastic excitation and the disturbance strength. Finally, all these conclusions have been approved by the numerical verification and coincided with the theoretical analysis; meanwhile, after the comparing analysis with the optimal linear absorber, it turns out that the NES which is affected by the narrow band stochastic force could also suppress the vibration of system with a better effect.     

压气机转子叶片的抑颤设计

为了建立适用于工程设计的叶片抑颤方法,以一高压压气机转子叶片为对象开展了叶片颤振特性与其结构参数的关联性研究。采用基于相位延迟边界条件的能量法和特征值法对原转子叶片模型的气动弹性稳定性进行评估,通过分析近失速工况下的非定常气动功密度分布,对叶片安装角沿径向分布、弦长和叶尖间隙等设计参数进行调整,以明确各参数对气动弹性稳定性的影响,最终达到提高气动阻尼的目的。研究结果表明:叶尖间隙对气动阻尼的影响较大,安装角次之,弦长影响相对较小。叶片气动阻尼随叶尖间隙的变化并非单调,而是存在一个叶尖间隙使其气动阻尼最小,即叶片气动弹性稳定性最差。减小进口气流攻角和增加折合频率,能够提高气动阻尼,设计中可以通过调节安装角来减小气流攻角,增加弦长来增大折合频率。考虑到对叶片气动性能的影响,在调节安装角时通常要保证进口气流攻角的改变量不超过5°,调节弦长和叶尖间隙时要保证各结构构件不发生碰摩。