初始扰动对于气液界面Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性发展的影响

利用果冻实验技术研究几种不同初始扰动的气液界面Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性发展过程。通过对不同波长和振幅的实验结果进行对比发现：波长是影响界面扰动发展的主要因素,并且在不同阶段影响的模式不同。在线性阶段,波长较短的扰动发展较快;在非线性阶段,则是波长较长的扰动发展较快。     

利用一种声学阀门对发动机燃烧不稳定性进行的被动控制(英文)

为了对发动机燃烧不稳定性进行被动控制,利用亥姆赫兹声学共振器原理,设计一种声学阀门,当一个管道侧面安装的亥姆赫兹共振器的空腔壁面是柔软的时候,声学阀门的性能与频率就没有很强的关系,从而实现由于热声学不稳定带来的压力和热释放导致的不稳定燃烧进行被动控制。阀门的功能是让声音通过,但它必须阻止时间平均意义上的流动。本文对带有这种装置的热声学特征根问题给出数值解。结果显示声学阀门对燃烧室内的驻波结构造成很大改变,进而可以消除不稳定的特征根模态。只要阀门具备足够的尺寸,这种效果可以在任意的线性火焰声学特性中广泛实现。     

高纬极区电离层中离子声波谱线增强的解释

大量的实验研究表明, 在顶部极光区电离层, 利用EISCAT非相干散射雷达和Millstone Hill雷达可以观测到不对称、增强的离子声波谱线. 考虑到低能H+离子束沉降到背景电离层, 以及电离层顶部O+离子的外流事件, 采用含有场向热流项的双麦克斯韦分布描述H+离子束的分布函数, 进而基于离子－离子双流不稳定性理论来解释增强的离子声波谱线. 场向热流的引入可以减小离子声波谱线的不对称现象, 这样得到的结果更符合实际.      

金属增材制造技术应用于军用飞机维修保障浅析

金属增材制造技术的发展为军用飞机维修保障提供了一条数字化、定制化、高性能、短周期的技术新途径,可提升军用飞机维修保障的技术水平和能力。本文综述了军用飞机维修保障的国内外现状,指出了金属增材制造技术的应用优势,介绍了军用飞机零件的典型损伤形式、不同增材制造工艺的适用性及修复工艺选取方案,分析了所涉及的逆向建模、结构优化、智能机器人等关键技术,详述了目前存在的技术成熟度与可靠性不高、修复原则不明确、标准规范不统一等主要问题及解决措施,指出了增材制造技术在军用飞机维修保障领域未来的发展方向和趋势,并给出了具体的应用建议。     

分段式固体火箭发动机内部流动不稳定性数值分析

采用大涡模拟技术,针对某分段式固体火箭发动机开展了发动机燃面退移0mm,160mm和280mm三个时刻下发动机燃烧室内部流动不稳定现象的数值分析,获得了三个典型时刻燃烧室内压强可能的振荡特性.计算结果表明,在发动机点火初期燃烧室内流动不稳定性主要由表面涡脱落导致;随着燃面的退移,端面限燃层暴露在燃气中,由于端面包覆结构残余的影响,燃烧室内流动不稳定性主要由障碍涡脱落决定,且与点火初期相比,压强振荡的频率逐步减小.     

火星探测器进入阶段稳定性分析

文章针对＂火星探路者＂,对火星探测器在进入火星大气减速过程中的运动稳定性问题进行了研究,分析了质心位置、进入条件、大气参数等因素对火星探测器运动稳定性的影响。分析结果表明,在马赫数大于1.2时,探测器处于一个比较稳定的状态。     

Induction of genomic instability after an acute whole-body exposure of mice to Fe ions

The purpose of this study was to evaluate dose–response relationships for the in vivo induction of micronuclei (MN) as a measure of both initial radiation damage and the induction of genomic instability. These measurements were made in mouse blood erythrocytes as a function of radiation dose, radiation quality, time after irradiation, and the genetic background of exposed individuals. Blood samples were collected from two strains of mouse (CBA/CaJ and C57BL/6J) at different times up to 3 months following a whole-body exposure to various doses of 1 GeV/amu ⁵⁶Fe ions (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 Gy, at the dose rate of a 1 Gy/min) or ¹³⁷Cs gamma rays (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 Gy, at the dose rate of 0.72 Gy/min). Blood-smear slides were stained with acridine orange (AO). The frequencies of MN were measured in mature normochromatic-erythrocytes (MN-NCEs) and in immature polychromatic-erythrocytes (MN-PCEs). Effects of both types of radiation on erythropoiesis were also evaluated. As a measure of cell progression delay, a dose-dependent decrease in numbers of PCEs was observed at day 2 post-exposure in both strains, regardless of radiation quality. Subsequently, the levels of PCEs increased in all exposed mice, reaching control levels (or higher) by day 7 post-exposure. Further, at day 2 after the exposure, there was no increase in the frequency of MN-PCEs in CBA/CaJ mice exposed to ⁵⁶Fe ions while the frequency of MN-PCEs elevated as a function of dose in the C57BL/6J mice. At day 4, there was no dose related increase in MN-NCEs in either strain of mouse exposed to ¹³⁷Cs gamma rays. Additionally, at the early sacrifice times (days 2 and 4), ⁵⁶Fe ions were slightly more effective (per unit dose) in inducing MN-NCEs than ¹³⁷Cs gamma rays in CBA/CaJ mice. However, there was no increase in the frequency of MN-NCEs at late times after an acute exposure to either type of radiation. In contrast, both types of radiation induced increased MN-PCEs frequencies in irradiated CBA/CaJ mice, but not C57BL/6J mice, at late times post-exposure. This finding indicates the potential induction of genomic instability in hematopoietic cells of CBA/CaJ mice by both types of radiation. The finding also demonstrates the influence of genetic background on radiation-induced genomic instability in vivo.     

航空树脂基复合材料技术发展

通过介绍我国航空树脂基复合材料的发展现状和应用情况,讨论并分析了航空树脂基复合材料未来的发展趋势和重点方向,强调了这种“低成本”、“工程化”技术应在“一体化”思想指导下综合协调发展。     

Numerical Simulation for the 16 August 1999 EUV Brightenings

The 16 August 1999 EUV brightenings are numerically simulated by a third-order upwind compact scheme, basing on the TRACE observation. The present simulation can give a possible explanation to its formation and evolution. The numerical results show that the initial reconnection jets at around X-point are responsible for the occurrence of EUV brightening. The strong and superposed ejections caused by the first and second coalescence of magnetic islands are possibly related to the lifted material which initially appeared as absorption features and Later EUV-emitting structures respectively. The bi-directional reconnection jets may correspond to the lifted material that either continued to move upward along the apparently open field lines or fell down to the surface.      

引导场对无碰撞电流片低频电磁不稳定性的影响

通过数值求解无碰撞电流片中可压缩磁流体力学模型下得到的一般形式的色散关系,讨论了无碰撞电流片中引导场对低频电磁波不稳定性的影响.结果表明,平衡态磁场中的引导场,对于三维扰动传播的波不稳定性有很强的影响.(1)在电流片中间平面上(z=0),无引导场时,没有不稳定性发生,但若存在引导场,不稳定性便发生,并随着引导场的增强,不稳定性明显增强,不稳定的波模可能是低混杂模.(2)在中间平面附近(z=0.2),电流片是不稳定的.随着引导场的增强,不稳定性增长率明显地增强,不稳定的波模从平行和反平行两个方向传播变为反平行方向一个方向传播,并且是斜传播的,具有低频哨声模或低混杂模的特征.(3)在电流片边缘附近(z=0.8),引导场对不稳定的波模和增长率没有明显影响,不稳定的波模都是准平行的哨声波.