Retrieval and validation of aerosol optical depth using GF-1 WFV cameras data

Conventional AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) retrieval is restricted to the global and regional scale due to the limited spatial resolution of satellites. This does not allow for aerosol monitoring at the city level. The Chinese GF-1 Wide Field of View (WFV) sensors have sufficiently fine resolution as a data source for AOD retrieval with fine spatial resolution and a 4-day revisit time. In this study, principles similar to those in the Deep Blue (DB) and Dark Target (DT) algorithms were used to retrieve AOD at 100 m spatial resolution from GF-1 WFV images supported by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectraradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance (SR) products (MOD09A1). The derived GF-1 WFV AOD were compared with a combination of MOD04_3K DT AOD and MOD04_L2 DB AOD (MODIS AOD) to find that they yield reasonable Spearman correlations (R_S > 0.82) over Taiwan and Beijing. The derived GF-1 WFV AOD were also validated against Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD; the Spearman correlation values were R_S = 0.911 in Beijing and R_S = 0.858 in Taiwan.     

Validation of space-born Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer remote sensors aerosol products using application of ground-based Multi-wavelength Radiometer

The measurements of aerosol optical properties were carried out during April 2006 to March 2011 over Mohal (31.9°N, 77.12°E) in the northwestern Indian Himalaya, using the application of ground-based Multi-wavelength Radiometer (MWR) and space-born Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensors. The average (±standard deviation) values of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm, Ångström exponent and turbidity coefficient during the entire measurement period were 0.25 ± 0.09, 1.15 ± 0.42 and 0.12 ± 0.06 respectively. About 86% AOD values retrieved from MODIS remote sensor were found within an uncertainty limit (Δτ_pλ = ±0.05 ± 0.15τ_pλ). In general, the MWR derived AOD values were higher than that of MODIS retrieval with absolute difference ∼0.02. During the entire period of measurement space-born MODIS remote sensor and ground-based MWR observation showed good correspondence with significant correlation coefficient ∼0.78 and root mean square difference ∼0.06. For daily observations the relative difference between these two estimates stood less than 9%. However, satellite-based and ground-based observation showed good correspondence, but further efforts still needed to eliminate systematic errors in the existing MODIS algorithm.     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢渗碳层深度的测定

用金相法测定合金钢渗碳层深度时，试样通常为退火状态。18Cr2Ni4WA钢作为一种高淬透性渗碳钢，其试样经退火、正火及普通淬火后均难以测定渗碳层深度，只有经过等温淬火使渗碳层获得淬火马氏体（白色）组织，心部获得回火马氏体（黑色）组织，才能可靠地进行渗碳层深度的测定。     

航空深弹投放模型及空中弹道仿真

以无动力航空自导深弹为研究对象,在分析反潜直升机攻潜过程的基础上,建立起反潜直升机应召攻潜航路规划模型,进而建立反潜直升机投放深弹模型,并利用Simulink对航空深弹空中弹道进行仿真,得出航空深弹入水的相关参数,为航空深弹作战使用提供理论参考。     

高温合金复杂薄壁零件多道次充液拉深技术

充液拉深(HDD)技术是薄壁零件成形的一种有效方法.针对难成形,复杂薄壁结构的某型发动机高温合金板材零件,通过分析锥面自由悬空区的起皱失稳现象,设计了多道次充液拉深结合刚模成形的技术方案,并建立了有限元分析模型.基于有限元模拟和工艺验证试验,研究了预成形高度和终成形液室压力等关键工艺参数对零件最终成形质量的影响,探讨了...     

施放深度对气泡水体携带能力影响的实验研究

水中上升气泡对周围水体的携带能力受多方面因素的影响,由于测量手段缺乏等原因,其影响规律研究一直是两相流领域的难点。引入气泡上升携带水量的概念表征其水体携带能力的大小,进而利用专门设计的实验装置,采用双液分离测量法,调整喷嘴至27．5～52．5cm之间的不同施放深度,进行气泡上升携带水量的测量实验。结果表明：在注气量（20ml）和注气速度（3ml／s）等一定的条件下,随着气体施放深度的增加,气泡水体携带能力呈现缓慢增强并逐渐稳定的总趋势,但其间（施放深度约35．0～45．0cm）该能力会略有下降,并有极小值出现;且在绝大多数情况下,小口径喷嘴生成气泡的水体携带能力稍强。上述结论可为化工等领域工程应用中设计合理气体施放深度、确定最佳喷嘴口径等问题提供参考依据。     

正确选择数字示波器

以当前流行的数字示波器为例 ,介绍了其带宽、取样速度、存储深度、接口等一些基本概念。对如何更好的使用示波器和选型购买者都具有重要的参考借鉴价值     

数控加工中切削用量的确定

数控加工在当今的冷加工中应用越来越多,其切削用量与普通机床有很大不同。本文对数控加工中切削用量的确定做了简要的分析,提供了一些选取原则和方法,并对应该注意的问题进行了分析,以供数控操作人员参考。     

X 射线照相缺陷定位方法分析与验证

相对于公式法,双标记法解决了焦距和焦点位移测量误差所带来的问题.但此方法在射线检测领域普及程度并不高,其中原因,首先是原理较复杂,针对性研究少,其次是测量精度没有被量化,可信度不高.本文从公式法入手,通过对原理公式的变化分析和线性化分析,明晰了双标记法缺陷深度定位原理,推导了缺陷深度定位公式,利用简化模型,对双标记法的定位精度做了进一步的分析与计算,最后针对具体被检测物,测试验证了双标记法的计算公式和测量精度,用理论和实践证明了方法和精度的可靠性.     

几种时效制度铝锂合金在Cl^-环境下的腐蚀行为

以盐雾硫化腐蚀试验作为加速腐蚀试验,对不同时效制度下1420合金的表面腐蚀形貌进行观察.以最大腐蚀深度为腐蚀损伤衡量指标,研究双级时效合金模锻件腐蚀的统计规律.结果发现,盐雾硫化腐蚀试验7天的1420双级时效合金的最大腐蚀深度符合Gumbel统计规律.显微组织观察表明,双级时效不仅能有效控制沉淀相(δ'相)和平衡相(S相)的长大速率,同时也使析出相均匀分布.合金中均匀分布的S相降低阳极相与基体间的电位差,减弱阳极溶解的驱动力,有效改善合金的腐蚀抗力.