含摩擦和加热的跨声速流动数值模拟研究

喷管中跨声速流动的反应流体动力学是实验和理论研究的一个重要领域.本文主要由两部分构成,在第一部分中对文献[2]中的Murman格式[1]的一般形式进行了简化,得到了守恒形式的欧拉方程,并对其求解方法进行了讨论,同时针对Chattot等的工作展开了分析,并给出了带激波的流动计算结果;而文章的第二部分则研究了包含摩擦、加热以及耗散的跨声速流动,并重点关注了一步Arrhenius化学反应模型下的爆震现象.本文还探究了摩擦力和带燃烧的跨声速流动之间的相互作用,同时详细给出了新的欧拉方程数值求解算法并同已有文献算例进行了对比验证.     

Numerical simulation of aerodynamic interaction for a tilt rotor aircraft in helicopter mode

A rotor CFD solver is developed for simulating the aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among rotor, wing and fuselage of a tilt rotor aircraft in its helicopter mode. The unsteady Navier–Stokes equations are discretized in inertial frame and embedded grid system is adopted for describing the relative motion among blades and nacelle/wing/fuselage. A combination of multi-layer embedded grid and ‘‘extended hole fringe" technique is complemented in original grid system to tackle grid assembly difficulties arising from the narrow space among different aerodynamic components, and to improve the interpolation precision by decreasing the cell volume discrepancy among different grid blocks. An overall donor cell searching and automatic hole cutting technique is used for grid assembly, and the solution processes are speeded up by introduction of Open MP parallel method. Based on this solver, flow fields and aerodynamics of a tilt rotor aircraft in hover are simulated with several rotor collective angles, and the corresponding states of an isolated rotor and rotor/wing/fuselage model are also computed to obtain reference solution.Aerodynamic interference influences among the rotor and wing/fuselage/nacelle are analyzed,and some meaningful conclusions are drawn.     

用非结构直角网格和欧拉方程计算运载火箭绕流

采用八叉树结构，物面附近用投影法，生成运载火箭绕流计算的非结构直角网格。并将Jameson的有限体积法推广用于这种网格的欧拉方程计算。算例表明，网格生成的时机化费很少，质量好；欧拉方程解算的收敛质量也好。     

Riccati方程最大解的一个重要定理

Riccati 方程在最优控制和滤波理论中起着非常重要的作用。最近,Kawasaki 和 Shimereura 引用了 Riccati 方程最大解的一个性质,但他们的证明是不正确的。本文对这个问题做了进一步研究,并提出和证明了 Riccati 方程最大解的一个重要定理。     

物体穿越斜激波干扰特性的数值研究

当物体以超声速穿越同向运动的斜激波时，它的飞行Mach数和攻角都会发生较大的变化。穿越过程中斜激波与物体脱体激波发生相互作用，形成复杂的激波干扰波系结构，基本的干扰形式为复合Mach反射结构。不同的穿越位置时，由于不同的来流条件，使物体上尾部凹坑内的流场和波系发生很大的变化，随着物体的穿越过程，当头部和凹坑下游壁面与翼面穿越激波时，阻力系数有两次剧烈的变化，法向力基本呈线性下降，压力中心先大幅度后移，物体逐渐穿过激波后又快速前移。因此穿越过程使物体加速，给物体的姿态带来很大的扰动。翼面穿过激波也造成阻力、法向力下降，压心后移。如果对有控制的飞行器，穿越激波时气动力特性和稳定性的急剧变化，将给控制系统带来很大的困难。     

无碰撞激波的理想MHD模拟

采用了WENO格式数值求解一维理想MHD方程组，模拟了行星际无碰撞激波，研究了垂直无碰撞激波与行星际反向磁场结构和高密度等离子体团的相互作用过程，并与粒子模拟的结果进行比对，两者的结果非常类似．模拟结果表明，对涉及无碰撞激波的大部分现象中理想MHD模拟是准确且可行的，同时相对于粒子模拟又有很好的计算效率，便于扩展至二维或三维的情形．     

有限元网格结点编号

在有限元分析中,求解高阶线性代数方程组时整体刚度矩阵所需存储与由网格结点编号决定的顺序有关.在基于等带宽存储的求解法与基于变带宽存储的求解法的基础上推导出它们的关系.据此,提出了有限元网格结点编号的前沿法与矩形法,并给出了这两种编号法的内存消耗与结点数量的关系.理论分析和实例表明这两种编号法能有效地减少计算机内存消耗.     

大迎角粘性复杂流场的数值模拟

本文使用于存在较大分离区的Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ－Ｋｉｎｇ湍流模型对多段翼型流场及某型歼击机外形全机流场的雷诺平均ＮＳ方程进行数值计算，研究了多段翼型及有三角翼的全机外形的最大升力和三角翼翼尖涡，二次涡等粘性特性。     

Implicit discontinuous Galerkin method on agglomerated high-order grids for 3D simulations

High quality of geometry representation is regarded essential for high-order methods to maintain their high-order accuracy. An agglomerated high-order mesh generating method is inves-tigated in combination with discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving the 3D compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. In this method, a fine linear mesh is first generated by standard commercial mesh generation tools. By taking advantage of an agglomeration method, a quadratic high-order mesh is quickly obtained, which is coarse but provides a high-quality geometry represen-tation, thus very suitable for high-order computations. High-order discretizations are performed on the obtained grids with DG method and the discretized system is treated fully implicitly to obtain steady state solutions. Numerical experiments on several flow problems indicate that the agglomer-ated high-order mesh works well with DG method in dealing with flow problems of curved geome-tries. It is also found that with a fully implicit discretized system and a p-sequencing method, the DG method can achieve convergence state within several time steps which shows significant effi-ciency improvements compared to its explicit counterparts.     

轴向非均匀凹槽叶顶的实验与数值研究

为探究不同轴向非均匀凹槽间隙控制泄漏流动的效果和机理,采用实验与数值结合的研究方法,对两种间隙条件下的叶顶凹槽结合渐缩型间隙、均匀型间隙和渐扩型间隙方案对涡轮叶顶泄漏流动的控制效果进行研究。结果表明:减小泄漏流流量与控制叶栅总压损失之间没有直接联系,渐扩型间隙增大了26.7%的泄漏流流量,但在小间隙和大间隙条件下分别减小了2.44%和3.53%的总压损失；渐扩间隙减小总压损失,是通过有效减小通道涡在节距向和展向的尺度,并在一定程度上减小泄漏涡在节距向的尺度实现的；渐扩间隙减小通道涡和泄漏涡的尺度,其原理在于渐扩间隙的布置增强了凹槽内的径向流动,使压力面再附线更靠近叶片,吸力面泄漏涡分离线位置更靠后,从而抑制了泄漏流动。