Testing Modified Newtonian Dynamics with LISA Pathfinder

We suggest that LISA Pathfinder, a technology demonstrator for the future gravitational wave observatory LISA, could be used to carry out a direct experimental test of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). The LISA Pathfinder spacecraft is currently being built and the launch date is just a few years away. No modifications of the spacecraft are required, nor any interference with its nominal mission. The basic concept is to fly LISA Pathfinder through the region around the Sun-Earth saddle point, in an extended mission phase, once the original mission goals are achieved. We examine various strategies to reach the saddle point, and find that the preferred strategy, yielding relatively short transfer times of just over 1 year, probably involves a lunar fly-by. LISA Pathfinder will be able to probe the intermediate MOND regime, i.e. the transition between deep MOND and Newtonian gravity. We present robust estimates of the anomalous gravity gradients that LISA Pathfinder should be exposed to, based on MONDian effects as derived from the Tensor-Vector-Scalar (TeVeS) theory. The spacecraft speed and spatial scale of the MOND signal combine in a way that the spectral signature of the signal falls precisely into LISA Pathfinder’s measurement bandwidth. We find that if the gravity gradiometer on-board the spacecraft achieves its currently predicted sensitivity, these anomalous gradients could not just be detected, but measured in some detail.     

模拟空间环境下射流雾化特性实验

为了深入研究空间环境下液体工质的喷射雾化特性,搭建了空间环境模拟实验系统,综合研究了真空环境下饱和蒸汽压、喷嘴直径、雷诺数和溶气等对液体射流雾化特性的影响。试验结果表明:闪蒸是真空环境下射流雾化的主要因素,射流雾化过程中闪蒸强度主要由工质饱和蒸汽压决定;喷嘴直径主要通过三方面的影响对射流雾化起作用:流动状态、湍流强度和气泡生长周期;雷诺数对真空雾化的影响主要涵盖以下三点:出口速度、流动状态和闪蒸过程;溶气对射流雾化有明显的影响作用,影响途径是通过气泡的不稳定生长和微爆作用。     

航天用复合材料结构高温极限承载能力试验方法

针对航天飞行器飞行特点,本文给出两种基于破坏时间的承载能力试验方法,可以获得结构在不同飞行温度和时间下的承载能力。能够充分发挥材料在传热过程中的高温承载能力,降低结构防热质量。     

Experimental investigation on ice-breaking performance of a novel plasma striker

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety.Recently, researches about a newly proposed deicing method based on Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuator(PSJA) have just started. To meet the requirements of in-flight deicing, structure of PSJA needs to be adjusted. This paper completed the detailed design and experimental validation of a novel plasma striker, which was a modified version of PSJA. Influences of mass of the moving part and rod shapes on the ice-br...     

Reduction in clamping force due to applied longitudinal load to aerospace structural bolted plates

The main purpose of the present work is to experimentally and numerically study why and how the magnitude of the bolt clamping force reduces in the aerospace structural bolted plates when they are subjected to a longitudinal tensile load. In the experimental method, a holed plate of aluminium alloy 7075-T6 was clamped using a single bolt fastener, and then tested under an increasing static longitudinal tensile load. The bolt clamping magnitude was determined by using the measured axial compressive strains of a steel bush placed between the nut and plate. Two clamped specimens with different initial clamping forces were studied. In each specimen the actual clamping forces were determined during the longitudinal loading on the plate. In the numerical method, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model was generated in order to simulate and quantify the bolt clamping force in the plate model loaded in tension. Both experimental and numerical results showed that the clamping force reduces considerably in the aluminium bolted plates under the longitudinal tensile loading. This is because of the transverse contraction of the plate material that causes the clamped material to release from the initial compression, and as a result, the clamping force to relax.     

Gamma astrometric measurement experiment (GAME) – Science case

We report here on the science case of a concept for a satellite orbiting at 1 AU from the Sun and using a baffled Fizeau interferometer to look as close as possible to its limb. This configuration, and the need for looking nearby the Sun, is required for the main scientific driver of the mission, namely the measure of the γ parameter of the Parameterized Post-Newtonian formulation to the 10⁻⁶–10⁻⁷ level at least. This would lead to an accurate test of the General Theory of Relativity against other alternative theories of gravity, and set stringent constraints on some of the most significant issues of Astrophysics like those involving exotic forms of dark matter and dark energy. Exploiting the possibilities offered by the observation strategy, it is also possible to target other interesting scientific goals. One is, again, in the realm of General Relativity and aims at measuring the light deflection nearby the Giant Planets to detect asymmetric effects induced by their quadrupoles, predicted by GR but never measured so far. Others can be found in the observation of selected extrasolar systems where, e.g., the astrometric and photometric capabilities of GAME will help to improve on the knowledge of the brown-dwarf regime and on the search for exo-planets with the transit method, respectively.     

引射器轴向位置对PDE的性能影响实验

根据脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)工作特点为其设计了6组不同结构的圆柱型引射器,并针对各种结构引射器,采用力传感器法对不同轴向位置处引射器的增推性能进行了实验研究,实验采用汽油为燃料,空气为氧化剂。实验结果发现,轴向位置对引射器的增推性能有非常明显的影响,当引射器入口正好位于脉冲爆震发动机出口处(0点)或位于下游1/2倍脉冲爆震发动机直径处时,系统会出现一个至少高于35%的推力增益点,但是当引射器入口从该点继续远离发动机出口位置时,推力将会急剧地下降;当引射器从0点逐渐向上游移动时,引射器的推力增益呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,最高推力增益可达80.5%。     

Experimental study on film cooling performance of imperfect holes

An experimental study is made to investigate the film cooling performance of imperfect holes due to in-hole blockage over a flat plate. A specifically pyramid-shaped element is used to simulate the in-hole blockage. Six in-hole blockage orientations (such as leading-inlet, leading-middle, leading-exit, trailing-inlet, trailing-middle and trailing-exit) and four blocking ratios (ranging from 0.1 to 0.4) are taken into considerations. Based on the experimental results, the influences of in-hole blockage on the film cooling effectiveness and discharge coefficient under typical blowing ratios are analyzed. It is confirmed that the in-hole blockage results in a reduction of discharge coefficient related to the perfect film cooling holes, especially for the leading-exit and trailing-inlet orientations with a big blocking ratio. However, in the view of film cooling effectiveness, the in-hole blockage shows complicated affecting roles. In general, except for the leading-exit orientation, the in-hole blockages produce detrimental influence on the film cooling effectiveness.     

污染空气对氢燃料超声速燃烧室性能的影响

采用纯净空气和污染空气来流下对比试验的方法,研究了飞行马赫数4条件下H2O和CO2污染组分对氢燃料超声速燃烧室性能的影响。对比试验中针对纯净空气来流和污染空气来流匹配了来流总温、总压、氧气摩尔分数和当量油气比。完成了0.53和0.42两种当量油气比条件下纯净空气来流和污染空气来流的氢燃料超声速燃烧试验,预定考察的H2O污染组分摩尔浓度分别有7.5%,18%和26%三种,CO2污染组分浓度有3.0%和7.5%两种。研究结果表明,H2O,CO2或H2O+CO2组合污染对燃烧诱导压升产生了明显的非线性抑制影响,直接将污染试验空气来流下的试验结果外推应用到飞行条件,可能导致供油量偏大、甚至进气道不启动;同时也影响了隔离段内燃烧诱导激波链结构,使燃烧工作模态趋向于超燃模态。     

级间引气对多级轴流压气机性能和流场影响的低速实验研究

基于北航四级低速大尺寸压气机试验台,在二级静子出口进行周向槽引气,采用分别保持引气位置上游流量不变和引气位置下游流量不变两种比较方式,针对不同引气流量大小对压气机性能和内部流场的影响进行了实验研究。结果表明,级间引气会影响压气机压升特性和失速裕度,影响程度与引气量大小有关。级间引气对引气位置上游转子流场的影响表现在上游压气机工况的变化上,上游转子流场的展向分配并不受到引气的影响。引气位置下游受到引气和上游压气机工况变化的共同影响,且引气量越大,影响程度越大。此外,级间引气可以改善下游叶片叶尖区域的流动环境,增强叶尖处流通能力,提高下游压气机失速裕度。