大气环境监测卫星紫外高光谱大气成分探测仪技术发展及应用

大气环境监测卫星是我国民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划中的科研卫星。本文介绍了搭载于该卫星的新一代紫外高光谱大气成分探测仪，通过发展紫外高光谱大幅宽高分辨超光谱成像技术，使紫外谱段高光谱大气观测空间分辨率提升一倍，大幅提升气态污染物监测能力，取得良好的应用效果。     

基于萤火一号技术的自主火星探测器方案

提出了基于萤火一号（YH-1）火星探测器技术的自主火星探测器方案,可携带多种有效载荷在准太阳同步圆轨道上对火星进行科学探测。该方案具有可实现性强、成本低、研制周期短等特点,并能满足火星探测后续工程中的环绕器设计要求,利于我国火星探测的长远发展。利用长征三号乙运载火箭,在西昌卫星发射中心就可实现2013/2016年的我国自主火星探测。     

Hardware qualification for scientific ballooning missions

The European Stratospheric Balloon Observatory (ESBO) initiative aims at simplifying the access to stratospheric balloon missions. We plan to provide platforms and support with instrument design in order to support scientists. During the design process, the inevitable question of qualification for the harsh flight conditions arises. Unfortunately, there is no existing standard for qualification of stratospheric ballooning hardware. Thus, we developed a qualification procedure for use within ESBO and similar projects.In this paper, we present our analysis of the environmental conditions in the stratosphere. While conditions at typical balloon float altitudes are similar to the space environment, there are also some relevant differences. For example, the thermal environment is dominated by radiation and thermal conduction, but the remaining atmosphere still supports a certain amount of convection. The remaining atmospheric pressure in the stratosphere also leads to reduced arcing distances. Vibrational loads are far less than for space missions, but quasi-static or shock loads may occur. The criticality of radiation increases with mission duration.Based on the environmental conditions, we present the qualification procedures for ESBO, which are based on the European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS) standards for space systems. Overtesting against too high requirements leads to overengineering, driving mission cost and mitigating the advantages of balloons over space missions. Therefore, we modified the ECSS standards to fit typical scientific ballooning missions over several days at altitudes up to 40 km. Furthermore, we analyzed design rules for space systems with regard to their relevance for scientific ballooning, including material and component selection. We present the experience from the hardware qualification process for the ESBO prototype STUDIO (Stratospheric UV Demonstrator of an Imaging Observatory). Even though boundary conditions are different for each individual mission, we aimed for a broader approach: We investigated more general requirements for scientific ballooning missions to support future flights.     

Integration of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-1 dataset to extract geological lineaments in complex formations of Tepal mountain area,Shahrood, north Iran

Recently, the detection and extraction of geological lineaments have become an essential analytical technique to find relationships between the characteristics and occurrence of hydrogeology, and tectonic studies. The use of remote sensing, with the progressive development of image enhancement techniques, provides an opportunity to produce more reliable and comprehensive lineament maps. In this paper, semi-automatic approach based on Landsat 8 and Sentinel 1 radar data is proposed for lineaments extraction and validation. The combined method of linear filtering and automatic line module ensures a high degree of accuracy resulting in a lineament map. Based on identified lineaments, Sentinel1 is more capable of detecting edges than Landsat8, but the primary orientation lineaments extracted from Landsat8 and Sentinel1 were different. So, by combining band6 of Landsat8, and VV and VH polarization of Sentinel1, the area lineaments were extracted with high accuracy. Rose diagram showed the extracted lineaments' orientation is in good compliance with the region's existing faults. Also, the formations' lineament length density has good consistent with the density of the faults in the geological map.     

基于混合算法的涡轴发动机稳态性能仿真模型

以自由涡轮式涡轴发动机为研究对象,建立了涡轴发动机的稳态性能仿真模型,提出了基于天牛须算法和N+1点残量法的求解发动机模型的混合算法(BAS-N+1混合算法),利用发动机台架试车数据对仿真计算结果进行了验证。结果表明,该稳态性能仿真模型各参数的求解误差在3%以内。与PSO-N+1混合算法相比,BASN+1混合算法求解精度更高,收敛更快。BAS-N+1混合算法既保留了智能算法对初猜值误差的包容性,也拥有接近经典迭代算法的收敛速度和精度,能够实现涡轴发动机稳态仿真模型的高精度大范围快速收敛。     

北斗星基增强系统单频服务区域可用性评估

在研究美国广域增强系统(WAAS)与欧洲地球同步导航重叠系统(EGNOS)服务可用性评估方法的基础上,基于连续8天的实测数据对当前北斗星基增强系统(BDSBAS)单频服务一类垂直引导进近(APV-I)的区域可用性进行了初步评估.评估结果表明,受系统实际播发的卫星完好性参数有效性与电离层格网点(IGP)分布的限制,中国大陆APV-I 99％可用性覆盖率仅为49％,且在中国陆地边界和沿海地区性能迅速劣化;进一步仿真验证了在当前IGP均可用的条件下,APV-I 99％可用性理论最大覆盖率为96.22％,而在增加高纬度IGP后,覆盖率进一步提升为100％,可以解决中国高纬度地区可用性较差的问题.     

“珠海一号”高光谱数据城市不透水面提取研究

不透水面是评估城市化进程和评价城市环境的重要参考指标，研究城市不透水面的空间覆盖程度对城市生态环境保护、宜居城市建设具有重要意义。本文以“珠海一号”高光谱影像为数据源、珠海市陆域为研究区域，选取支持向量机和随机森林机器学习算法，结合光谱特征，实现城市不透水面信息提取。结果表明：使用“珠海一号”高光谱数据提取不透水面可行性较强，且支持向量机算法更适用于“珠海一号”不透水面提取，总体精度和Kappa系数分别达到92.4%、0.78；基于“珠海一号”高光谱数据进行城市不透水面提取，可为城市规划建设、分析城市土地扩张、评估城市灾害风险提供可靠理论依据和数据支撑。     

宜香1A及宜香品种成熟期倒伏指数研究

以籼型三系不育系宜香1A、Ⅱ-32A、冈46A和恢复系宜恢7633、宜恢7008、宜恢1525等为材料,研究了亲本和杂交后代的倒伏指数.结果表明,Ⅱ-32A的倒3节间抗倒能力极显著强于宜香1A;冈46A倒3节间的抗倒能力显著强于宜香1A;宜香1A和Ⅱ-32A所配品种倒3节间抗倒能力相当,都极显著优于冈46A 所配品种倒3节间抗倒能力.母本及其所配品种的倒2节间和倒1节间倒伏指数无明显差异.