Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow(a lumped vortex model)

For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body,we will extend in this paper the Kutta–Joukowski(KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex,which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta–Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the outside vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position,strength and rotation direction. Moreover,we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demonstrate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rigorous extension,with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included,in a forthcoming paper.     

超临界翼型射流环量控制的数值计算

为提高飞行器的升力特性,改善起飞着陆和机动性能,研究了射流环量控制对超临界翼型气动特性的影响。基于计算流体力学,对影响计算效率和精度的网格参数进行了优化设计,得到一种高效高精度网格的剖分方法;并以此为基础,建立超临界翼型环量控制的计算模型,求解雷诺平均N-S方程,分析了环量控制在不同动量系数和迎角下的作用效果,数值计算结果与实验结果基本一致。结果表明:环量控制大大提高了翼型的气动特性,且在小迎角或负迎角就可以产生较大的升力,但是动量系数并不是越大越好。计算结果可为进一步研究环量控制对飞行器的影响奠定理论基础。     

基于LBM-LES方法的多段翼型流场数值模拟

运用Lattice Boltzmann(LB)方法与Large Eddy Simulation(LES)结合的方法数值模拟研究了二维翼型绕流流场,其中,粒子速度模型采用D2Q9模型,松弛时间中对应的湍流粘性系数由Smagorinsky模型计算,网格生成方法采用无网格技术。对NACA0012翼型进行数值模拟,验证其有效性;为进一步研究其模拟复杂物体绕流的能力,以三段翼型30P30N为研究对象进行数值研究,计算出了给定攻角条件下的气动特性,并与实验值进行比较。计算结果表明,LBM-LES方法的计算结果能够与实验值一致,是一种可行、有效且较新的数值模拟方法。     

翼型舵面偏转非定常流动数值模拟

针对NACA0012翼型舵面偏转问题,数值模拟了不同参数对翼型气动特性的影响。基于非结构动网格技术,采用ALE有限体积描述下的二维可压缩非定常N-S方程,计算通量采用Vanleer格式、时空二阶格式,利用Venkatakrishnan限制器抑制数值振荡。非定常计算结果表明,NACA0012翼型绕1/4弦点作周期性俯仰振动的升力系数和俯仰力矩系数结果与实验数据吻合良好,验证了数值方法的准确性;在翼型舵面表面有分离区产生,升力系数和俯仰力矩系数形成滞回环,在亚声速情况下,滞回环幅值较小,进入超声速阶段以后,幅值增大,随着翼型间缝隙宽度逐渐增加,翼型升力系数和俯仰力矩系数与无缝翼型相比逐渐降低。     

舰载机增升装置对薄翼型升力系数的影响研究

描述了增升装置在提高舰载机薄翼型升力系数方面的作用,观察到大偏角前缘襟翼小迎角时对翼型升力曲线的影响,并通过与试验现象对比,初步探讨了非线性作用形成的可能机理。利用数值模拟方法,通过有限元计算软件对相同流场中多种增升装置的升力系数进行了模拟与比较,从而达到合理设计舰载战机翼型的目的。CFD计算结果表明,所设计的二维多段翼型有良好的气动特性,升力系数得到提高,具有较好的增升效果。     

多级轴流压气机级间匹配特性研究

结合一台出口级使用大小叶片转子的高负荷多级轴流压气机的设计过程,对其多种设计方案进行数值模拟,通过对各设计方案级间匹配特性的分析,总结出多级轴流压气机的级间匹配特性。通过与另一台级数相当但不含大小叶片转子的低负荷多级轴流压气机的级间匹配特性进行对比,研究了在多级轴流压气机出口级使用大小叶片转子对级间匹配特性的影响。结果表明,在多级轴流压气机出口级使用大小叶片转子,不仅可提高出口级的负荷及整机总压比,还可增大压气机的失速裕度。     

Parametric analyses for synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoil

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoils. The preconditioned and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a k x shear stream transport turbulence model are employed to accomplish the flowfield simulation of rotor airfoils under jet control. Additionally,a velocity boundary condition modeled by a sinusoidal function is developed to fulfill the perturbation effect of periodic jets. The validity of the present CFD procedure is evaluated by the simulated results of an isolated synthetic jet and the jet control case for airfoil NACA0015. Then, parametric analyses are conducted specifically for an OA213 rotor airfoil to investigate the effects of jet parameters(forcing frequency, jet location and momentum coefficient, jet direction, and distribution of jet arrays) on the control effect of the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotor airfoil. Preliminary results indicate that the efficiency of jet control can be improved with specific frequencies(the best lift-drag ratio at F+= 2.0) and jet angles(40 or 75) when the jets are located near the separation point of the rotor airfoil. Furthermore, as a result of a suitable combination of jet arrays, the lift coefficient of the airfoil can be improved by nearly 100%, and the corresponding drag coefficient decreased by26.5% in comparison with the single point control case.     

翼型边界层及近场尾流的湍流特性与气动噪声特性相关规律试验研究

变湍流度试验结果表明，湍流度对翼型边界层和尾流的湍流特性，转捩情况，气动噪声特性及其它们间的相关特性有显著影响，这种影响有一定规律，笔者得出了若干有价值的半经验关系式。     

某型通航飞机失速警告失效故障分析

针对某型通航飞机地面测试中发现失速警告不工作的故障,分析该失速警告系统各组成部分的结构、原理、功能、走线,制定具体排故程序逐步判断查找出故障原因电子线路故障,并对故障原因进行了分析。     

失速尾旋度飞动力装置可靠性分析

失速尾旋式飞是高难度、极危险的特技飞行科目，飞机动力装置的工作特性和可靠程度显得非常重要。本文通过对动力装置可靠性分析，对飞机失速尾旋飞行试验提供了可靠性结论。