一种面向对象的Petri网

柔性制造系统属于离散事件动态系统，具有实时、并发、异步等特性，由于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网模型的图形表述和数学描述，使它既可以采用数学分析，又可以通过图形形象地表述出离散动态系统，故广泛应用于制造过程动态行为建模与分析。而面向对象建模与设计是一种围绕真实世界的概念来组织模型的全新的思考问题方式，面向对象的模型能帮助对问题的理解，有助于同领域专家通讯交流。本文在Ｐｅｔｒｉ网基础上，引入面向对象技术，提出了一种面向对象Ｐｅｔｒｉ网（ＯＰＮ）模型，并以企业中的一项生产活动——二次电源生产过程为实例，建立了描述这一活动系统的完整的ＯＰＮ模型，真实地反映了系统的动态特性，从而为制造过程建模和分析提供了一个更为有效的工具     

Coupled Lagrangian impingement spray model for doublet impinging injectors under liquid rocket engine operating conditions

To predict the effect of the liquid rocket engine combustion chamber conditions on the impingement spray, the conventional uncoupled spray model for impinging injectors is extended by considering the coupling of the jet impingement process and the ambient gas field. The new coupled model consists of the plain-orifice sub-model, the jet-jet impingement sub-model and the droplet collision sub-model. The parameters of the child droplet are determined with the jet-jet impingement sub-model using correlations about the liquid jet parameters and the chamber conditions.The overall model is benchmarked under various impingement angles, jet momentum and offcenter ratios. Agreement with the published experimental data validates the ability of the model to predict the key spray characteristics, such as the mass flux and mixture ratio distributions in quiescent air. Besides, impinging sprays under changing ambient pressure and non-uniform gas flow are investigated to explore the effect of liquid rocket engine chamber conditions. First, a transient impingement spray during engine start-up phase is simulated with prescribed pressure profile. The minimum average droplet diameter is achieved when the orifices work in cavitation state, and is about 30% smaller than the steady single phase state. Second, the effect of non-uniform gas flow produces off-center impingement and the rotated spray fan by 38°. The proposed model suggests more reasonable impingement spray characteristics than the uncoupled one and can be used as the first step in the complex simulation of coupling impingement spray and combustion in liquid rocket engines.     

Optimized Fuzzy Clustering Method for Health Monitoring of Shield Tunnels

Since health monitoring of shield tunnels generally employs multiple sensors belonging to different types,a fine analysis on massive monitoring data,as well as further quantitative health grading,is really challenging.An optimized fuzzy clustering analysis method based on the fuzzy equivalence relation is proposed for health monitoring of shield tunnels.Clustering results are auto-generated by using fuzzy similarity-valued map.The results follow the idea of unsupervised classification.Moreover,a convenient new health index HI is proposed for a fast tunnel-health grading.A case study on Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is presented to validate this method.Three types of indicators,namely soil pressure,pore water pressure and steel strain,are used to develop the clustering model.The clustering results are verified by analyzing the engineering geological conditions;the validity and the efficacy of the proposed method are also demonstrated.Further,the fuzzy clustering analysis also represents a potential for identifying abnormal monitoring data.This investigation indicates the fuzzy clustering analysis method is capable of characterizing the fuzziness of tunnel health,and beneficial to clarify the tunnel health evaluation uncertainties.     

圆柱筒轴向载荷下单元尺寸效应数值模拟

利用显式非线性有限元方法对薄壁圆柱筒轴向载荷下的动力学响应进行了研究,模拟了圆柱筒在轴向冲击作用下的动力屈曲变形及其发展过程。分析比较了不同单元尺度下冲击模型的数值计算解与理论解,揭示了在进行有限元模拟时存在的网格尺寸效应,为研究有限元网格尺寸与有限元求解精度的内在联系提供参考;为在保证数值解满足工程实际精度要求的前提下,确定合理的单元尺度,提高有限元分析效率进行了有益的探索。     

Stifness modeling and analysis of a novel 4-DOF PKM for manufacturing large components

Faster response to orientation varying is one of the outstanding abilities of a parallel kinematic machine（PKM）.It enables such a system to act as a reconfgurable module employed to machine large components effciently.The stiffness formulation and analysis are the beforehand key tasks for its parameters design.A novel PKM with four degrees of freedom（DOFs）is proposed in this paper.The topology behind it is 2PUS-2PRS parallel mechanism.Its semianalytical stiffness model is frstly obtained,where the generalized Jacobian matrix of 2PUS-2PRS is formulated with the help of the screw theory and the stiffness coeffcients of complicated components are estimated by integrating fnite element analysis and numerical ftting.Under the help of the model,it is predicted that the property of system stiffness distributes within the given workspace,which features symmetry about a certain plane and is also verifed by performing fnite element analysis of the virtual prototype.Furthermore,key parameters affecting the system stiffness are identifed through sensitivity analysis.These provide insights for further optimization design of this PKM.     

基于锥形压入的材料力学性能测试方法研究

通过压入测试以获取工程服役结构、小型构件和焊接结构焊缝过渡区的材料单轴本构关系参数,且根据材料本构关系参数来估算材料的压入硬度对于工程设计和安全评估有重要意义.对于幂律材料,本文依据锥形压入试验原理和弹塑性接触有限元分析(EPFEA),揭示了不同锥角的锥形压头其压入能量比与屈服应力之间存在线性关系,提出了基于能量原理预测金属材料本构关系部分关键参数(弹性模量、屈服应力和硬化指数)的CR-EMI (Constitutive Relationship based on Energy Method of Indentation)方法.同时,基于此种线性关系提出了由Hollomon本构关系模型参数预测硬度的H-EMI(Hardness based on Energy Method of Indentation)方法.通过对多种金属材料进行压入试验和有限元分析,验证了CR-EMI方法和H-EMI方法的有效性与精确性.     

落锤式弯沉仪与贝克曼梁在路基路面弯沉检测中的相关性分析

对HBL520型全自动落锤式弯沉仪的工作原理进行了介绍,描述了其测速快、准确度高、自动化程度高等优点。通过与贝克曼梁的对比试验表明:在相同的测试条件下,两者之间具有良好的线性相关关系,可以通过公式进行转换,为FWD在公路工程检测中的普及应用提供了依据。     

超精密车床液体静压主轴环境动态测试系统设计

本文介绍了超精密车床液体静压主轴环境动态测试系统的用途。设计了系统的总体方案,详细介绍了硬件电路,并基于Measurement Studio软件包和DAM3000M接口开发了测控软件。     

基于均匀化方法的轴编C/C复合材料性能预测

把均匀化理论与有限元法相结合,应用于轴棒法多维编织C/C复合材料的性能预测,通过对该材料有效模量的计算和实验验证,表明本方法可以得到较准确的材料刚度性能,为该材料的设计提供了性能预测方法.     

大型太阳帆板展开状态动态特性研究

利用有限元技术及自编的 FORTRAN程序计算了单翼太阳帆板约束模态的振型和频率 ,计算结果和实验结果比较表明 ,计算精度在工程上是可以接受的。在此基础上 ,以飞船带有双翼对称太阳帆板为模型 ,计算了太阳帆板在转动和不转动情况下非约束模态的振型和频率。上述计算结果为研究带有挠性太阳帆板的航天器的动力学与控制问题打下了基础