改进的SSDA并行算法及其在TEM中的应用

介绍了一种把图像匹配中的序贯相似性检测算法(SSDA,Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm)应用到地形匹配中的方法,把地形匹配系统中的数字高程模型、高程数据和实时剖面数据分别视为SSDA算法中的搜索图、灰度值和模板,同时提出了动态门限序列和分组选取随机点的方法,最后将改进的SSDA算法进行并行化并用消息传递接口(MPI, Message Passing Interface)实现.实验结果表明,改进的SSDA算法能有效地提高地形匹配的速度和计算精度,而相应的并行程序也能取得较好的加速比,从而一定程度上解决了传统的地形匹配算法时间复杂度高、实时性差的问题.     

基于TERCOM-ICP联合算法的水下地形匹配方法研究

水下地形辅助导航一直是应用于AUV的热点和前沿问题，有助于修正惯导随时间积累的定位误差，以实现精确的导航定位。对经典地形匹配方法TERCOM算法进行了简单的介绍，引入点云配准领域的ICP算法，针对多波束测深系统可以获取地形剖面的特点，提出了一种TERCOM-ICP联合匹配算法。首先使用TERCOM算法粗匹配，将粗匹配后的大致位置作为指示输入ICP算法中进行精匹配，通过仿真实验对TERCOM算法的匹配结果和ICP算法的匹配时间作对比分析。仿真结果表明：TERCOM-ICP算法可以有效提高水下地形匹配精度，经过仿真实验测试，平均匹配误差可以达到20 m以内，所用时间在160 s以内，验证了该算法应用在水下地形匹配领域的可行性，更好地满足了水下辅助导航的要求。     

Soft landing stability analysis of a Mars lander under uncertain terrain

Safe soft landing of the lander is vital to the Mars surface exploration mission. Analysis and verification of the landing stability under uncertain terrain play an important role in lander design. However, the effect of uncertain terrain is ignored in most existing studies, making the analysis incomprehensive and increasing the risk of landing failure in practice. In this paper, a Mars lander with 10 attitude control thrusters is introduced and its dynamics model is then established considering plastic deformation parts and nonlinear contact forces. The effectiveness and accuracy of the dynamics modeling method are verified by experiments with an average relative error of 10%. In order to carry out the dynamics simulation with high-fidelity terrain, a terrain generation method based on statistical data is proposed. Through Monte Carlo simulation under a 50 m × 50 m randomly generated landing terrain, the stability of the lander and the effects of attitude control thrusters are analyzed. The results show that the failure rate is 5.5%, in which the primary failure forms are overturning and abnormal attitude. When the landing simulations are repeated without thrusters, the stable ratio decreases from 94.5% to 90.7%, suggesting the positive effects of attitude control thrusters in improving landing stability under rough terrain.     

The effect of a rocky terrain for CubeSat landing on asteroid surfaces

The paper describes a general modelling procedure to build a simulation tool to investigate contact motion of a CubeSat on an asteroid surface. We investigate landing performance and landing success for the case of elastic rocky terrain and flat surfaces. As a case study, we focus on the disposal of ESA’s Hera Milani CubeSat by landing on the moon of Didymos binary asteroid system. The simulation environment includes the modelling of real shape and 6-DOF motion of the lander, the shape-based gravity models of Didymos and Dimorphos and rocks on surface, that are generated as physical obstacles. Trends and estimates on the performance of the landing phase and the most relevant effects on the outcome of the soil interaction process, are inferred. The statistical results on settling time, dispersion area and motion characteristics, such as number of bounces, show and quantify the effect of rocks on a successful passive and permanent landing.     

基于条件生成对抗模型的遥感卫星影像重建技术研究

为了快速侦察未知区域的地貌信息，遥感卫星可对特定区域进行扫描以获取遥感卫星影像。当卫星经过国外未知区域时，部分卫星无法针对某特定区域进行长时间的驻留扫描，本文提出一种基于条件生成对抗网络模型（Conditional Generative Adversarial Network，CGAN）进行网络训练，前期将某方法获取的区域轮廓地形信息作为CGAN网络的生成网络和鉴别网络中的条件约束信息，通过网络生成器与判别器在训练过程中互相博弈产生特定的输出集，有效地实现由单张电子轮廓图像到对应卫星遥感图像的端到端的非线性映射。本文通过原真实卫星遥感图像与生成卫星遥感图像进行四种对比误差计算，平均误差、均方误差与结构相似度均高于99%，峰值信噪比高于30 dB，生成的图像与原图像之间具备高相似度，实现了在获取坐标定位轮廓信息的先验条件下，对特定区域进行遥感卫星影像内容重建技术。     

基于深度强化学习的复杂地形适应机器人设计与实验

针对行星表面轻量化自主探测任务，基于仿生思想设计了一种仿海胆结构的十二足球形机器人，其具备自主改变构型以贴合复杂地形的能力，可实现无倾覆、高容错的全向运动；基于数据驱动方法，对该机器人设计了一种数据高效的无模型强化学习运动策略，可实现无先验知识的从0到1步态训练以及步态的实物样机快速部署。通过在平面地形和非结构化地形中对其进行仿真实验，验证了经过训练的机器人具备自主运动、适应非结构地形等能力；通过与常用基准策略进行对比，证实了本文提出的运动策略具有训练高效、鲁棒性好的优势；最后通过开发原理样机，开展实物实验验证了仿真环境中所生成的步态在真实物理环境中的动力学可行性。