大小孔交替排列对气膜冷却效率的影响

采用数值模拟方法研究了大小气膜孔交替排列(均匀排列的圆柱形单孔两侧分别开设一个平行的小孔)情况下的流动和换热,并与常规的圆柱形单孔结构进行对比,分析大小气膜孔交替排列提高冷效的机理,研究大小孔的孔径比对气膜冷却效果的影响规律.结果发现:在圆柱形单孔两侧分别设置一个平行的辅助小孔,大小孔冷气射流的肾形涡相互干涉,导致主气膜孔下游的肾形涡的尺度和强度与圆柱形单孔相比均有明显降低,气膜冷却效果明显改善.相同冷气量下,小孔孔径越大,分配的冷气流量越大,对主孔冷气射流的干涉作用越强,气膜冷却效果改善越明显;当小孔孔径d2=4mm时,气膜冷却结构类似常规的离散圆柱形气膜孔,气膜冷却效果开始下降.     

基于集对理论的空间战场态势定量分析

以集对分析的同异反联系度为基础,结合武器与人员因素分析战场态势。从全局的角度,对空间战场整体态势进行研究,引入指标权重,构建空间战场态势分析模型,通过实例计算分析空间战场态势优劣。     

Enhancing the efectiveness of film cooling

Advanced gas turbine stages are designed to operate at increasingly higher inlet temperatures to increase thermal efficiency and specific power output.To maintain durability and reasonable life,film cooling is needed in addition to internal cooling,especially for the first stage.Film cooling lowers material temperature by forced convection inside film-cooling holes and by forming a layer of coolant about component surfaces to insulate them from the hot gases.Unfortunately,each cooling jet forms a pair of counter-rotating vortices that entrains hot gas and causes the film-cooling jet to lift off from the surface that it is intended to protect.This paper gives an overview of efforts to enhance the effectiveness of film-cooling.This paper also describes two new design concepts.One design concept seeks to minimize the entrainment of hot gases underneath of film-cooling jets by using flow-aligned blockers.The other design concept shifts the interaction between the approaching hot gas and the cooling jet to occur further above the surface by using an upstream ramp.For both design concepts,computational fluid dynamics results are presented to examine their usefulness in enhancing film-cooling effectiveness.      

合成射流作用机理及其对共轴射流掺混的影响

对合成射流流场及其作用下的内、外涵共轴射流流场进行了二维非定常数值模拟, 研究了合成射流流场和共轴射流流场情况.结果表明,合成射流由一系列对称分布在中心线 2侧的旋涡对组成,频率与激振频率相同,对外场构成一扰动力;涡对自形成后向远处运移 速基本稳定;腔内和腔外涡对的形成及发展变化过程总体保持一致,在每时刻则呈现截然相 反的发展态势;中心线速度的降幅起伏变化分布是由激励器的激振变化引起的,体现了涡量 产生、发展变化的基本特征;合成射流激励器的采用可使共轴射流截面掺混率比未加激励时 得到增加,增强了共轴射流的掺混效果.      

大功率合成射流激励器设计及其流场特性研究

为探寻新型高效的主动流动技术型式,对一种大功率合成射流激励器流场进行了详细的二维非定常数值模拟,并在此基础上进行优化设计研究,以期提高其作功能力和作功效率。结果表明,在激励器模型和有关参数不变的情况下,转速越大,激励器作用效果越明显;随着活塞位移增大,出口平均速度和最大速度都增加;在进行激励器设计时孔口段长度需要优化;激励器出口缝宽并不是越小越好。     

Li对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系合金时效早期原子聚集行为的影响

针对Al Zn Mg Cu Li合金时效早期出现的硬度快速上升现象,用L J势函数计算了该合金各种原子间、原子与空位间的相互作用势。结果表明:在Al Zn Mg Cu合金中,以Mg/v聚集为主,还有Zn/v,Cu/v,Zn/Mg的复合聚集;加入较高量的Li以后,则以Li/v聚集为主,几乎没有Zn/Mg聚集形式。     

大力值精密机械力源的研制

运用"平面二次包络弧面蜗杆传动"技术,研制出一种"轴向可调隙蜗轮蜗杆传动付",将它应用到力源动力传动的伺服减速机构中,驱动精密滚珠丝杠上的动横梁来完成对参考力传感器的粗加载。运用物理学中的"逆压电效应"原理,采用压电陶瓷材料和专门的工艺方法制作的力传感器微变形补偿装置——压电陶瓷力调节器,并将它应用到力源的精加载闭环控制中,实现了大载荷下参考力传感器微小力值变化的精确控制,研制出的大力值精密机械力源最大负荷为3 MN。     

Variable load failure mechanism for high-speed load sensing electro-hydrostatic actuator pump of aircraft

This paper presents a novel transient lubrication model for the analysis of the variable load failure mechanism of high-speed pump used in Load Sensing Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (LS-EHA). Focusing on the slipper/swashplate pair partial abrasion, which is considered as the dominant failure mode in the high-speed condition, slipper dynamic models are established. A forth sliding motion of the slipper on the swashplate surface is presented under the fact that the slipper center of mass will rotate around the center of piston ball when the swashplate angle is dynamically adjusted. Besides, extra inertial tilting moments will be produced for the slipper based on the theorem on translation of force, which will increase rapidly when LS-EHA pump operates under high-speed condition. Then, a dynamic lubricating model coupling with fluid film thickness field, temperature field and pressure field is proposed. The deformation effects caused by thermal deflection and hydrostatic pressure are considered. A numerical simulation model is established to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model. Finally, based on the load spectrum of aircraft flight profile, the variable load conditions and the oil film characteristics are analyzed, and series of variable load rules of oil film thickness with variable speed/variable pressure/variable displacement are concluded.     

航空发动机齿轮副动态啮合过程与齿根裂纹扩展轨迹影响因素研究

为了研究航空发动机中附件齿轮箱中的一对齿轮副在动态啮合过程中的响应特性和齿根裂纹的扩展对齿轮系统的影响,利用有限元仿真分析法,基于显示动力学和线弹性断裂力学研究了该齿轮副动态啮合过程和齿根裂纹扩展轨迹影响因素。含有齿根裂纹的齿轮在啮合过程会产生额外的振动和噪声,会引起转速、啮合力、啮合频率、接触应力产生较大波动;齿根裂纹的扩展轨迹不同会导致齿轮系统两种典型的失效模式:轮缘断裂失效或齿断裂失效,发生轮缘断裂的可能性受到轮缘厚度与齿高比值和裂纹初始位置的影响,会随着该比值的减少和初始裂纹位置沿着齿根方向下移而增大,初始裂纹方向对裂纹扩展轨迹影响很小可以忽略。研究成果在工程中可以为齿轮结构的故障监测和结构设计提供参考。     

含间隙天线折展机构模块精度分析

针对天线折展机构连接运动副间隙引起天线折展过程运动不确定、精度下降等问题,提出了基于"无质量杆"模型来模拟自由状态的含运动副间隙机构建模方法。该方法基于D-H法建立了天线3个闭环的几何关系模型,将无质量杆模型引入天线几何关系中,获得了展开误差的计算模型。通过综合运用蒙特卡洛法实现了自由状态折展机构展开误差计算。计算结果表明:转动副间隙对折展机构单元肋展开在Z方向上展开精度影响最大,单元肋展开最大误差为0.353 mm,可为天线折展机构设计提供了参考。