“嫦娥4号”中继星伞状可展开天线设计与验证

伞状可展开天线是"嫦娥4号"中继星为着陆于月球背面的"嫦娥4号"着陆器和巡视器提供中继通信的关键单机。对伞状可展开天线的设计原理和构造进行了描述,对天线在轨展开、网面成型与保持、超低温环境适应性等技术难点开展了分析。天线在轨展开采用缓释弹簧分布式驱动展开技术,具有布局灵活、轻便、安装体积小、可靠性高的优点,并开展了寿命、热真空环境展开等试验,验证了天线展开技术的正确性;采用双层网结构设计形式实现天线网面成型与保持,优化了张力网节点数量,开展了型面精度测试和型面在轨热变形预示,验证了天线在轨型面精度达到亚毫米级的设计指标,进一步确保了天线在轨性能满足任务要求;天线部组件最低温度达到–250℃的超低温环境验证结果,表明天线经历超低温环境存储后,结构无损坏,性能无下降,满足天线在轨环境适应性的要求,有效地支撑了"嫦娥4号"中继星中继通信任务的顺利执行。     

铣削过程在线辨识与极点配置自适应控制

 研究了铣削加工过程的建模、参数在线辨识及自适应控制问题,为铣削过程建立了二阶离散传递函数模型,提出了一种修正的带遗忘因子递推最小二乘参数辨识算法,从而解决了普通递推最小二乘辨识算法中由于递推计算协方差矩阵衰退或膨胀引起辨识结果失真的问题,采用极点配置设计原理,为铣削过程推导了自适应控制的控制律。仿真和实验表明,修正的最小二乘辨识算法和极点配置自适应控制律是正确和可靠的,自适应控制器可获得所需的响应性能。     

涡轴发动机加速任务试车研究

针对某型涡轴发动机的加速任务试验方法进行了研究,提出了试验谱和步骤,对类似发动机的试验具有很强的借鉴、指导作用。     

利用边界测点求解二维稳态导热逆问题

针对导热逆问题求解中的测点的选择提出了不同的方式,即采用边界测点取代内部测点进行导热逆问题的求解.通过数值计算揭示了测点选择不当将导致逆问题计算的失败及原因,验证了采用边界测点求解二维稳态导热逆问题的可行性.采用本文提出的方式将使逆问题的应用更为实际、合理.     

热电偶时间常数的在线校验与动态温度的测量

介绍一种能对热电偶进行动态校验并能测量动态温度的基于微机数据采集的一体化系统。该系统利用电加热法对热电偶的时间常数进行在线校验,同时还可进行温度测量。     

基于网格参数化变形的单级涡轮多学科可靠性设计优化

基于自由变形技术发展了一种可以协调实现流场、结构分析网格参数化变形的方法,并实现单级涡轮的多学科可靠性设计优化。针对流场分析网格展向积叠的特征,将三维网格变形转化为不同叶高二维截面的网格变形;根据二维流场分析网格的拓扑结构,设计二维控制面,基于叶型设计参数建立叶型控制点、其他控制点伴随叶型控制点移动,实现了网格的参数化变形,避免了网格畸变、提高了网格变形的质量;不同叶高的二维控制面组成控制体,实现三维流场分析网格的参数化变形。采用相同的控制体进行结构分析网格的变形,实现了耦合界面网格协调变形。基于Kriging代理模型进行单级涡轮的多学科可靠性优化,在满足可靠性约束的情况下效率提高4.97%、寿命提高40.86%,证明了方法的有效性。      

星载即插即用协议转换模块的SOC设计与实现

微小型卫星即插即用技术的发展取决于不同总线标准接口设备能够快速集成到同一网络中的能力。SpaceWire总线技术是一种星载网络总线标准,已成为网络拓扑结构中的主干网络,而空间即插即用协议（Space plug-and-play architecture,SPA）是美国航空航天学会（American institute of aeronautics and astronautics,AIAA）在SpaceWire标准基础上为了实现快速响应计划而提出的微小型卫星即插即用标准。目前国内正在使用的卫星载荷的通信协议都是非SpaceWire接口的,比如许多小型卫星上的光纤陀螺载荷采用RS442串口通信标准,红外摄像头载荷一般采用1394b标准。本文研究了将1394b接口高速红外摄像头与RS422低速串口光纤陀螺接口集成到SPA网络的协议转换原理和片上处理器（System on chip,SOC）设计,并且在现场可编程门阵列（Field programmable gate array,FPGA）开发板上进行了软硬件验证。     

基于模糊逻辑的飞行/推力综合控制系统研究

对保持飞行恒定及保持飞行迎角恒定两种自动动力补偿系统所构成的飞行／推力综合控制进行了评估。在此基础上,提出了ＡＰＣＳ采用控制规则在线自调整及非线性参数优化的模糊控制。其设计思想是,从工程实现考虑,在油门控制律中省去法向加速度△ａｃ及舵偏△δｅ两种反馈信息,仅根据迎角误差叉△α及其变化率△α的大小,在线调整加权因子,以提高稳态控制精度,消除由于量化误差而引起的稳态振荡。利用非经一性优化控制算法,对Ａ     

水下载体SINS/USBL组合导航滤波方法研究

捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)具有短期定位精度高的优点,但其定位误差随时间发散,超短基线(USBL)在其有效工作范围内定位误差不发散,且由于受作用距离及复杂水下环境的影响,其定位数据不连续,离散度大,野值多。水下载体导航采用SINS/USBL组合导航,可充分发挥各自的优势。根据USBL量测信息的特性,给出了一种基于改进的带观测噪声时变估计器的Sage-Husa自适应Kalman滤波方案,经实物数据仿真验证了此滤波方案的有效性。     

Landing of the asteroid probe with three-legged cushioning: Planar asymmetric dynamics and safety margin

The probes landing on the surfaces of the asteroids can increase the scientific return of the exploration missions and also promote the development of deep space resources. Because of its excellent applicability to the uneven terrain and a lighter configuration than the four-legged mechanisms, the three-legged cushioning mechanisms are suitable for dissipating the impact energy and then quickly stabilizing the probe attitude when the probe lands on the micro-gravitational surfaces of the asteroids. Research on the landing dynamics of the probe facilitates to the design of the landing-cushioning mechanism and the optimization of its configuration, as well as the assessment of the landing safety. Comparing with the previous extensive related literature focusing on landing dynamics of the probes assisted by the four-legged cushioning mechanisms, this paper studies creatively the planar dynamics considering the asymmetric characteristic and the leg-leg coupling to understand the landing process of the asteroid probe with the three-legged cushioning mechanism and thereby to optimize the configuration of cushioning mechanism and assess safety margin of the landing. According to the touchdown status, the asymmetric landing modes are classified and the coupling issue in the construction of the landing models is explained. Consequently, two types of dynamics models describing the two-stages touchdown cushioning process of the probe are established. Then, five significant configuration factors of the cushioning mechanism are extracted, and their values combinations are designed according to the Taguchi orthogonal method. On this basis, the maximum safe landing attitude angles of the probe are solved by using these values combinations as the input conditions under the dangerous situations in different landing modes. The range analysis and nonlinear fitting methods are employed to discuss the influence of the configuration factors on the landing safety margin, and the favorable parameter values of the configuration factors are determined. Next, the influence of the ground obstacle on the landing safety margin and several methods to improve the margin are researched. Finally, the complete attitude changes of the probe in two representative landing cases are analyzed. The results studied in this paper can contribute to configuration optimization of the three-legged cushioning mechanisms and safety assessment of the legged probes landing on the asteroids, as well as to provide a reference for discussing the leg-leg coupling issue received less attention in landing dynamics of the probes with the four-legged cushioning mechanisms.